Anatomy; Anterior cruciate ligament; Dynamic MRI; Knee; Open field; Adult; Anatomic Variation; Anterior Cruciate Ligament/anatomy & histology; Anterior Cruciate Ligament/diagnostic imaging; Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries/diagnostic imaging; Biomechanical Phenomena; Female; Healthy Volunteers; Humans; Knee Joint/anatomy & histology; Knee Joint/diagnostic imaging; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods; Male; Middle Aged; Tibia/anatomy & histology; Young Adult; Range of Motion, Articular; Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries; Knee Joint; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Tibia; Surgery; Pathology and Forensic Medicine; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
Abstract :
[en] Recent anatomical and radiological studies of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) suggest the ACL length and orientation change during knee flexion, and an open MRI sequencing during knee flexion enables a dynamic ACL analysis. This study's goal is to describe a normal ACL using a 1T open MRI and, in particular, variations in length and insertion angles at different degrees of flexion. Twenty-one volunteers with clinically healthy knees received a dynamic MRI with their knees in hyperextension, neutral position, and flexed at 45° and 90° angles. For each position, two radiologists measured the ACL lengths and angles of the proximal insertion between the ACL's anterior edge and the roof of the inter-condylar notch. Additionally, we measured the ACL's and the tibial plateau's distal angle insertion between their anterior edges and then compared these with the nonparametric Wilcoxon test. The ACL had a significant extension between the 90° flexion and all other positions (hyperextension: 31.75 ± 2.5 mm, neutral position: 32.5 ± 2.6 mm, 45°: 35.6 ± 1.6 mm, 90°: 35.6 ± 1.6 mm). There was also a significant increase of the angle insertion between the proximal 90° flexion and all other positions, as well as between hyperextension and bending to 45° (hyperextension: 2.45° ± 3.7°, neutral: 13.4° ± 9.7°, 45°: 33 25 ± 9.3, 90: 51.85° ± 9.3°). Additionally, there is a significant increase in the distal angle insertion for all positions (hyperextension: 133.2° ± 5.4°, neutral position: 134.95° ± 4.4°, 45°: 138.35° ± 5.9°, 90°: 149.15° ± 8.6°). Our study is the first to exhibit that a dynamic MRI has a significant ACL extension in vivo during bending. This concept opens the way for further studies to improve the diagnosis of traumatic ACL injuries using a dynamic MRI.
Guenoun, Daphne; Department of Radiology, Sainte-Marguerite Hospital, Institute for Locomotion, APHM, 13009, Marseille, France. Daphne.guenoun@ap-hm.fr
Vaccaro, Julien; Department of Radiology, Sainte-Marguerite Hospital, Institute for Locomotion, APHM, 13009, Marseille, France
Le Corroller, Thomas; Department of Radiology, Sainte-Marguerite Hospital, Institute for Locomotion, APHM, 13009, Marseille, France
Barral, Pierre-Antoine; Department of Radiology, Sainte-Marguerite Hospital, Institute for Locomotion, APHM, 13009, Marseille, France
Lagier, Aude ; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège - CHU > > Service d'ORL, d'audiophonologie et de chir. cervico-faciale ; Department of Anatomy, Aix Marseille Université, 13005, Marseille, France
Pauly, Vanessa; Unité de Recherche EA3279, Santé Publique et Maladies Chroniques: Qualité de vie Concepts, Usages et Limites, Déterminants, Aix Marseille Université, 13005, Marseille, France
Coquart, Benjamin; Department of Radiology, Sainte-Marguerite Hospital, Institute for Locomotion, APHM, 13009, Marseille, France
Coste, Joel; Department of Rheumatology, Sainte-Marguerite Hospital, Institute for Locomotion, APHM, 13009, Marseille, France
Champsaur, Pierre; Department of Radiology, Sainte-Marguerite Hospital, Institute for Locomotion, APHM, 13009, Marseille, France
Language :
English
Title :
A dynamic study of the anterior cruciate ligament of the knee using an open MRI.
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