[en] Following severe brain injuries, a subset of patients may remain in an altered state of consciousness; most of these patients require artificial feeding. Currently, a functional oral phase and the presence of exclusive oral feeding may constitute signs of consciousness. Additionally, the presence of pharyngo-laryngeal secretions, saliva aspiration, cough reflex and tracheostomy are related to the level of consciousness. However, the link between swallowing and consciousness is yet to be fully understood. The primary aim of this review is to establish a comprehensive overview of the relationship between an individual's conscious behaviour and swallowing (reflexive and voluntary). Previous studies of brain activation during volitional and non-volitional swallowing tasks in healthy subjects are also reviewed. We demonstrate that the areas activated by voluntary swallowing tasks (primary sensorimotor, cingulate, insula, premotor, supplementary motor, cerebellum, and operculum) are not specific to deglutitive function but are shared with other motor tasks and brain networks involved in consciousness. This review also outlines suitable assessment and treatment methods for dysphagic patients with disorders of consciousness. Finally, we propose that markers of swallowing could contribute to the development of novel diagnostic guidelines for patients with disorders of consciousness.
Disciplines :
Neurology
Author, co-author :
Regnier, Amandine ; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège - CHU > > Service de médecine de l'appareil locomoteur
Mélotte, Evelyne ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de Logopédie > Logopédie des troubles de la voix
Aubinet, Charlène ; Université de Liège - ULiège > GIGA > GIGA Consciousness - Coma Science Group
Alnagger, Naji ; Université de Liège - ULiège > GIGA > GIGA Consciousness - Coma Science Group
Fischer, David; Division of Neurocritical Care, Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
Lagier, Aude ; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège - CHU > > Service d'ORL, d'audiophonologie et de chir. cervico-faciale
Thibaut, Aurore ; Université de Liège - ULiège > GIGA > GIGA Consciousness - Coma Science Group
Laureys, Steven ; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège - CHU > > Centre du Cerveau² ; Joint International Research Unit on Consciousness, CERVO Brain Research Centre, CIUSS, Laval University, Québec, Canada
Kaux, Jean-François ; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège - CHU > > Service de médecine de l'appareil locomoteur
Gosseries, Olivia ; Université de Liège - ULiège > GIGA > GIGA Consciousness - Coma Science Group
Language :
English
Title :
Swallowing dysfunctions in patients with disorders of consciousness: Evidence from neuroimaging data, assessment, and management.
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