Blondeel, Joris; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory of Abdominal Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, Department of Abdominal Transplant Surgery and Coordination, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
Monbaliu, Diethard; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory of Abdominal Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, Department of Abdominal Transplant Surgery and Coordination, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
Gilbo, NICHOLAS ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des sciences cliniques > Pathologie chirurgicale abdominale et endocrinienne ; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège - CHU > > Service de chirurgie abdo, sénologique, endocrine et de transplantation
Language :
English
Title :
Dynamic liver preservation: Are we still missing pieces of the puzzle?
Croome KP, Taner CB. The changing landscapes in DCD liver transplantation [Internet]. Curr Transplant Rep. 2020 [cited 2021 Jun 2]; 7:194–204. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32837828/
Meurisse N, vanden Bussche S, Jochmans I, Francois J, Desschans B, Laleman W, et al. Outcomes of liver transplantations using donations after circulatory death: a single-center experience. Transplant Proc. 2012;44:2868–73.
Coffey JC, Wanis KN, Monbaliu D, Gilbo N, Selzner M, Vachharajani N, et al. The influence of functional warm ischemia time on DCD liver transplant recipients' outcomes. Clin Transplant. 2017 Oct 1;31(10):e13068.
de Vries Y, von Meijenfeldt FA, Porte RJ. Post-transplant cholangiopathy: classification, pathogenesis, and preventive strategies. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis. 2018;1864:1507–15.
Grewal HP, Willingham DL, Nguyen J, Hewitt WR, Taner BC, Cornell D, et al. Liver transplantation using controlled donation after cardiac death donors: an analysis of a large single-center experience. Liver Transplant [Internet]. 2009 Sep 1 [cited 2022 Feb 21];15(9):1028–35. https://doi.org/10.1002/lt.21811
Ruck JM, Jackson KR, Motter JD, Massie AB, Philosophe B, Cameron AM, et al. Temporal trends in utilization and outcomes of DCD livers in the United States. Transplantation. 2022 Mar;106(3):543–51.
Belzer FO, Southard JH. Principles of solid-organ preservation by cold storage. Transplantation [Internet]. 1988 [cited 2022 Feb 21];45(4):673–6. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3282347/
Dutkowski P, Schlegel A, de Oliveira M, Müllhaupt B, Neff F, Clavien PA. HOPE for human liver grafts obtained from donors after cardiac death. J Hepatol [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2021 Dec 2];60(4):765–72. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24295869/
Dutkowski P, Polak WG, Muiesan P, Schlegel A, Verhoeven CJ, Scalera I, et al. First comparison of hypothermic oxygenated perfusion versus static cold storage of human donation after cardiac death liver transplants: an international-matched case analysis. Ann Surg [Internet]. 2015 Nov 1 [cited 2021 Dec 2];262(5):764–71. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26583664/
Schlegel A, Muller X, Kalisvaart M, Muellhaupt B, Perera MTPR, Isaac JR, et al. Outcomes of DCD liver transplantation using organs treated by hypothermic oxygenated perfusion before implantation. J Hepatol. 2019 Jan 1;70(1):50–7.
van Rijn R, Schurink IJ, de Vries Y, van den Berg AP, Cortes Cerisuelo M, Darwish Murad S, et al. Hypothermic machine perfusion in liver transplantation—a randomized trial. N Engl J Med. 2021 Apr 15;384(15):1391–401.
Schlegel A, Muller X, Mueller M, Stepanova A, Kron P, de Rougemont O, et al. Hypothermic oxygenated perfusion protects from mitochondrial injury before liver transplantation. EBioMedicine [Internet]. 2020 Oct 1 [cited 2021 Dec 2];60:103014. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32979838/
Nasralla D, Coussios CC, Mergental H, Akhtar MZ, Butler AJ, Ceresa CDL, et al. A randomized trial of normothermic preservation in liver transplantation. Nature. 2018 May 3;557(7703):50–6.
Ravikumar R, Jassem W, Mergental H, Heaton N, Mirza D, Perera MTPR, et al. Liver transplantation after ex vivo normothermic machine preservation: a phase 1 (first-in-man) clinical trial. Am J Transplant [Internet]. 2016 [cited 2021 Dec 3];16(6):1779–87. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26752191/
Martins PN, Rizzari MD, Ghinolfi D, Jochmans I, Attia M, Jalan R, et al. Design, analysis, and pitfalls of clinical trials using ex situ liver machine perfusion: the international liver transplantation society consensus guidelines. Transplantation [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2022 Mar 24];105(4):796–815. Available from: https://journals.lww.com/transplantjournal/Fulltext/2021/04000/Design,_Analysis,_and_Pitfalls_of_Clinical_Trials.19.aspx
Markmann JF, Abouljoud MS, Ghobrial RM, Bhati CS, Pelletier SJ, Lu AD, et al. Impact of portable normothermic blood-based machine perfusion on outcomes of liver transplant. JAMA Surg [Internet]. 2022 Mar 1;157(3):189–98. Available from: https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamasurgery/fullarticle/2787486
Mergental H, Laing RW, Kirkham AJ, Perera MTPR, Boteon YL, Attard J, et al. Transplantation of discarded livers following viability testing with normothermic machine perfusion. Nat Commun [Internet]. 2020 Jun 16 [cited 2021 Jun 2];11(1):2939. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32546694/
Watson CJE, Kosmoliaptsis V, Randle LVV, Gimson AE, Brais R, Klinck JR, et al. Normothermic perfusion in the assessment and preservation of declined livers before transplantation: hyperoxia and Vasoplegia-important lessons from the first 12 cases. Transplantation [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2022 Feb 15];101(5):1084–98. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28437389/
MacConmara M, Hanish SI, Hwang CS, de Gregorio L, Desai DM, Feizpour CA, et al. Making every liver count: increased transplant yield of donor livers through normothermic machine perfusion. Ann Surg. 2020 Sep 1;272(3):397–401.
Mergental H, Perera MTPR, Laing RW, Muiesan P, Isaac JR, Smith A, et al. Transplantation of declined liver allografts following normothermic ex-situ evaluation. Am J Transplant [Internet]. 2016 Nov 1 [cited 2022 Feb 7];16(11):3235–45. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27192971/
de Beule J, Vandendriessche K, Pengel LHM, Bellini MI, Dark JH, Hessheimer AJ, et al. A systematic review and meta-analyses of regional perfusion in donation after circulatory death solid organ transplantation. Transpl Int [Internet]. 2021 Nov 1 [cited 2022 Feb 11];34(11):2046–60. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34570380/
Antoine C, Jasseron C, Dondero F, Savier E. Liver transplantation from controlled donors after circulatory death using normothermic regional perfusion: an initial French experience. Liver Transpl [Internet]. 2020 Nov 1 [cited 2021 Dec 6];26(11):1516–21. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32531132/
de Carlis R, Schlegel A, Frassoni S, Olivieri T, Ravaioli M, Camagni S, et al. How to preserve liver grafts from circulatory death with long warm ischemia? A retrospective Italian cohort study with normothermic regional perfusion and hypothermic oxygenated perfusion. Transplantation [Internet]. 2021 Nov 21;105(11):2385–96. https://doi.org/10.1097/TP.0000000000003595
de Carlis L, de Carlis R, Muiesan P. Past, present, and future of donation after circulatory death in Italy. Updates Surg [Internet]. 2019 Mar 1 [cited 2022 Mar 4];71(1):7–9. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30864074/
van Leeuwen OB, de Vries Y, Fujiyoshi M, Nijsten MWN, Ubbink R, Pelgrim GJ, et al. Transplantation of high-risk donor livers after ex situ resuscitation and assessment using combined hypo- a nd normothermic machine perfusion: a prospective clinical trial. Ann Surg. 2019;22:S386.
Murphy MP. How mitochondria produce reactive oxygen species. Biochem J [Internet]. 2009 Jan 1 [cited 2022 Feb 22];417(1):1–13. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19061483/
Chouchani ET, Pell VR, Gaude E, Aksentijević D, Sundier SY, Robb EL, et al. Ischaemic accumulation of succinate controls reperfusion injury through mitochondrial ROS. Nature. 2014 Nov 20;515(7527):431–5.
Chouchani ET, Pell VR, James AM, Work LM, Saeb-Parsy K, Frezza C, et al. A unifying mechanism for mitochondrial superoxide production during ischemia-reperfusion injury. Cell Metab. 2016;23:254–63.
Schlegel A, de Rougemont O, Graf R, Clavien PA, Dutkowski P. Protective mechanisms of end-ischemic cold machine perfusion in DCD liver grafts.
Bhat M, Linares-Cervantes I, Pasini E, Patel P, Goto T, Noguchi Y, et al. Normothermic ex situ liver perfusion enhances mitochondrial function of DCD grafts as evidenced by high-throughput metabolomics. Transplantation. 2021 Jul 1;105(7):1530–8.
Liu W, Fan Y, Ding H, Han D, Yan Y, Wu R, et al. Normothermic machine perfusion attenuates hepatic reperfusion injury by inhibiting CIRP- mediated oxidative stress and mitochondrial fission. 2021;(June):1–12.
Jassem W, Xystrakis E, Ghnewa YG, Yuksel M, Pop O, Martinez-Llordella M, et al. Normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) inhibits proinflammatory responses in the liver and promotes regeneration. Hepatology. 2019 Aug 1;70(2):682–95.
Ohman A, Raigani S, Santiago JC, Heaney MG, Boylan JM, Parry N, et al. Activation of autophagy during normothermic machine perfusion of discarded livers is associated with improved hepatocellular function. 2021.
Net M, Valero R, Almenara R, Rull R, Gonzalez FJ, Taura P, et al. Hepatic xanthine levels as viability predictor of livers procured from non-heart-beating donor pigs. Transplantation [Internet]. 2001 May 15 [cited 2022 Feb 10];71(9):1232–7. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11397955/
Net M, Valero R, Almenara R, Barros P, Capdevila L, López-Boado MA, et al. The effect of normothermic recirculation is mediated by ischemic preconditioning in NHBD liver transplantation. Am J Transplant [Internet]. 2005 Oct [cited 2022 Feb 10];5(10):2385–92. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16162186/
Monbaliu D, Liu Q, Libbrecht L, de Vos R, Vekemans K, Debbaut C, et al. Preserving the morphology and evaluating the quality of liver grafts by hypothermic machine perfusion: a proof-of-concept study using discarded human livers. Liver Transpl [Internet]. 2012 Dec [cited 2021 Dec 2];18(12):1495–507. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22987314/
Patrono D, Catalano G, Rizza G, Lavorato N, Berchialla P, Gambella A, et al. Perfusate analysis during dual hypothermic oxygenated machine perfusion of liver grafts: correlations with donor factors and early outcomes. Transplantation [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2021 Dec 2];104(9):1929–42. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32769628/
Muller X, Schlegel A, Kron P, Eshmuminov D, Würdinger M, Meierhofer D, et al. Novel real-time prediction of liver graft function during hypothermic oxygenated machine perfusion before liver transplantation. Ann Surg [Internet]. 2019 Nov 1 [cited 2021 Dec 2];270(5):783–90. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31592808/
Patrono D, Roggio D, Mazzeo AT, Catalano G, Mazza E, Rizza G, et al. Clinical assessment of liver metabolism during hypothermic oxygenated machine perfusion using microdialysis. Artif Organs [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2021 Dec 2]; 46, 281–295. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34516020/
Gilbo N, Jacquemin M, Nasralla D, Lazzaro S, Libbrecht L, Lavend'homme R, et al. Coagulation factors accumulate during normothermic liver machine perfusion regardless of donor type and severity of ischemic injury. 2021.
Mergental H, Laing RW, Hodson J, Boteon YL, Attard JA, Walace LL, et al. Introduction of the concept of diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of normothermic perfusion protocols to assess high-risk donor livers. Artif Organs. 2022 Feb [cited 2021 Dec 3];46(2):281–95. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34619014/
Gilbo N, Wylin T, Heedfeld V, Jochmans I, Pirenne J, Friend P, et al. Porcine liver normothermic machine perfusion: methodological framework and potential pitfalls. Transplantation Direct. 2022 Mar 1;106(3):510–18.
Banales JM, Huebert RC, Karlsen T, Strazzabosco M, LaRusso NF, Gores GJ. Cholangiocyte pathobiology. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol [Internet]. 2019 May 1 [cited 2022 Feb 22];16(5):269–81. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30850822/
Beuers U, Hohenester S, de Buy Wenniger LJM, Kremer AE, Jansen PLM, Elferink RPJO. The biliary HCO(3)(−) umbrella: a unifying hypothesis on pathogenetic and therapeutic aspects of fibrosing cholangiopathies. Hepatology (Baltimore, MD). 2010;52:1489–96.
Hessheimer AJ, de la Rosa G, Gastaca M, Ruíz P, Otero A, Gómez M, et al. Abdominal normothermic regional perfusion in controlled donation after circulatory determination of death liver transplantation: outcomes and risk factors for graft loss. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019 May;16(5):269–81.
Guarrera JV, Henry SD, Samstein B, Odeh-Ramadan R, Kinkhabwala M, Goldstein MJ, et al. Hypothermic machine preservation in human liver transplantation: the first clinical series. Am J Transplant [Internet]. 2010 Feb [cited 2021 Dec 2];10(2):372–81. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19958323/
Guarrera JV, Henry SD, Samstein B, Reznik E, Musat C, Lukose TI, et al. Hypothermic machine preservation facilitates successful transplantation of “orphan” extended criteria donor livers. Am J Transplant [Internet]. 2015 Jan 1 [cited 2022 Jan 25];15(1):161–9. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25521639/
van Rijn R, Karimian N, Matton APM, Burlage LC, Westerkamp AC, van den Berg AP, et al. Dual hypothermic oxygenated machine perfusion in liver transplants donated after circulatory death. Br J Surg [Internet]. 2017 Jun 1 [cited 2021 Dec 2];104(7):907–17. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28394402/
Patrono D, Lavezzo B, Molinaro L, Rizza G, Catalano G, Gonella F, et al. Hypothermic oxygenated machine perfusion for liver transplantation: an initial experience. Exp Clin Transplant. 2018 Apr 1;16(2):172–6.
Patrono D, Surra A, Catalano G, Rizza G, Berchialla P, Martini S, et al. Hypothermic oxygenated machine perfusion of liver grafts from brain-dead donors. Br J Surg. 2017 Jun [cited 2021 Dec 2];104(7):907–17. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31249370/
van Rijn R, Schurink IJ, de Vries Y, van den Berg AP, Cortes Cerisuelo M, Darwish Murad S, et al. Hypothermic machine perfusion in liver transplantation—a randomized trial. N Engl J Med [Internet]. 2021 Apr 15 [cited 2021 Jun 2];384(15):1391–401. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33626248/
Czigany Z, Pratschke J, Froněk J, Guba M, Schöning W, Raptis DA, et al. Hypothermic oxygenated machine perfusion reduces early allograft injury and improves post-transplant outcomes in extended criteria donation liver transplantation from donation after brain death: results from a multicenter randomized controlled trial (HOPE ECD-DBD). Ann Surg. 2021 Nov 1;274(5):705–12.
Selzner M, Goldaracena N, Echeverri J, Kaths JM, Linares I, Selzner N, et al. Normothermic ex vivo liver perfusion using Steen solution as perfusate for human liver transplantation: first north American results. Liver Transpl [Internet]. 2016 Nov 1 [cited 2022 Feb 7];22(11):1501–8. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27339754/
Fodor M, Cardini B, Peter W, Weissenbacher A, Oberhuber R, Hautz T, et al. Static cold storage compared with normothermic machine perfusion of the liver and effect on ischaemic-type biliary lesions after transplantation: a propensity score-matched study. Br J Surg [Internet]. 2021 Sep 27 [cited 2021 Dec 3];108(9):1082–9. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34027968/
Markmann JF, Abouljoud MS, Ghobrial RM, Bhati CS, Pelletier SJ, Lu AD, et al. Impact of portable normothermic blood-based machine perfusion on outcomes of liver transplant: the OCS liver PROTECT randomized clinical trial. Liver Transpl. 2016 Nov [cited 2022 Feb 21];22(11):1501–08. Available from: https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamasurgery/fullarticle/2787486
Oniscu GC, Randle LV, Muiesan P, Butler AJ, Currie IS, Perera MTPR, et al. In situ normothermic regional perfusion for controlled donation after circulatory death—the United Kingdom experience. Am J Transplant. 2014 Dec 1;14(12):2846–54.
Ruiz P, Gastaca M, Bustamante FJ, Ventoso A, Palomares I, Prieto M, et al. Favorable outcomes after liver transplantation with normothermic regional perfusion from donors after circulatory death: a single-center experience. Transplantation. 2019 May 1;103(5):938–43.
Watson CJE, Hunt F, Messer S, Currie I, Large S, Sutherland A, et al. In situ normothermic perfusion of livers in controlled circulatory death donation may prevent ischemic cholangiopathy and improve graft survival. Am J Transplant. 2019 Jun 1;19(6):1745–58.
Hessheimer AJ, Coll E, Torres F, Ruíz P, Gastaca M, Rivas JI, et al. Normothermic regional perfusion vs. super-rapid recovery in controlled donation after circulatory death liver transplantation. Transplant. 2019 May [cited 2021 Dec 6];103(5):938–43. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30582980/
Ding GY, Zhao Y, Wei W, Zhong M, Fu PY, Xu M, et al. In situ normothermic regional perfusion for liver donation from China category III (organ donation after brain death followed by circulatory death): a single-center cohort study. Exp Clin Transplant [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2021 Dec 6];18(1):83–8. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31617836/
Savier E, Lim C, Rayar M, Orlando F, Boudjema K, Mohkam K, et al. Favorable outcomes of liver transplantation from controlled circulatory death donors using normothermic regional perfusion compared to brain death donors. Transplantation [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2021 Dec 6];104(9):1943–51. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32639402/
Barbier L, Guillem T, Savier E, Scatton O, Dondero F, Si Larbi A, et al. Impact of the duration of normothermic regional perfusion on the results of liver transplant from controlled circulatory death donors: a retrospective, multicentric study. Exp Clin Transplant. 2020 Feb [cited 2021 Dec 6];18(1):83–8. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34779019/
Matton APM, de Vries Y, Burlage LC, van Rijn R, Fujiyoshi M, de Meijer VE, et al. Biliary bicarbonate, pH, and glucose are suitable biomarkers of biliary viability during ex situ normothermic machine perfusion of human donor livers. Transplantation [Internet]. 2019 Jul 1 [cited 2021 Dec 3];103(7):1405–13. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30395120/
