Anaerobiosis; Fermentation; Respiration; Cell Respiration; Photosynthesis; Chemistry (all); Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (all); Physics and Astronomy (all); General Physics and Astronomy; General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology; General Chemistry; Multidisciplinary
Abstract :
[en] While photosynthesis transforms sunlight energy into sugar, aerobic and anaerobic respiration (fermentation) catabolizes sugars to fuel cellular activities. These processes take place within one cell across several compartments, however it remains largely unexplored how they interact with one another. Here we report that the weak acids produced during fermentation down-regulate both photosynthesis and aerobic respiration. This effect is mechanistically explained with an "ion trapping" model, in which the lipid bilayer selectively traps protons that effectively acidify subcellular compartments with smaller buffer capacities - such as the thylakoid lumen. Physiologically, we propose that under certain conditions, e.g., dim light at dawn, tuning down the photosynthetic light reaction could mitigate the pressure on its electron transport chains, while suppression of respiration could accelerate the net oxygen evolution, thus speeding up the recovery from hypoxia. Since we show that this effect is conserved across photosynthetic phyla, these results indicate that fermentation metabolites exert widespread feedback control over photosynthesis and aerobic respiration. This likely allows algae to better cope with changing environmental conditions.
Pang, Xiaojie ; Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100093, Beijing, China ; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
Nawrocki, Wojciech ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des sciences de la vie > Génétique et physiologie des microalgues ; Department of Physics and Astronomy and LaserLab Amsterdam Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands ; Laboratoire de Biologie du Chloroplaste et Perception de la Lumière chez les Microalgues, UMR7141, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Sorbonne Université, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, 13 Rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005, Paris, France
Cardol, Pierre ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des sciences de la vie > Génétique et physiologie des microalgues
Zheng, Mengyuan ; Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100093, Beijing, China ; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
Jiang, Jingjing; Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100093, Beijing, China
Fang, Yuan; Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100093, Beijing, China ; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
Yang, Wenqiang; Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100093, Beijing, China ; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
Croce, Roberta ; Department of Physics and Astronomy and LaserLab Amsterdam Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Tian, Lijin ; Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100093, Beijing, China. ltian@ibcas.ac.cn ; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China. ltian@ibcas.ac.cn
Language :
English
Title :
Weak acids produced during anaerobic respiration suppress both photosynthesis and aerobic respiration.
This work was supported by grants from the National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2019YFA0904600), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11804172, 31970381), the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Grant No. XDA 26030201 and the Dutch Organization for Scientific research (NWO) via a Vici grant.
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