[en] Context. Tidal interactions and planetary evaporation processes impact the evolution of close-in star-planet systems. Aims. We study the impact of stellar rotation on these processes. Methods. We compute the time evolution of star-planet systems consisting of a planet with an initial mass between 0.02 and 2.5 MJup (6 and 800 MEarth) in a quasi-circular orbit with an initial orbital distance between 0.01 and 0.10 au, around a solar-type star evolving from the pre-main-sequence (PMS) phase until the end of the main-sequence phase. We account for the evolution of: the stellar structure, the stellar angular momentum due to tides and magnetic braking, the tidal interactions (equilibrium and dynamical tides in stellar convective zones), the mass evaporation of the planet, and the secular evolution of the planetary orbit. We consider that at the beginning of the evolution, the proto-planetary disk has fully dissipated and planet formation is complete. Results. We find that both a rapid initial stellar rotation and a more efficient angular momentum transport inside the star, in general, contribute to the enlargement of the domain that is devoid of planets after the PMS phase, in the plane of planet mass versus orbital distance. Comparisons with the observed distribution of exoplanets orbiting solar mass stars, in the plane of planet mass versus orbital distance (addressing the "Neptunian desert"feature), show an encouraging agreement with the present simulations, especially since no attempts have been made to fine-tune the initial parameters of the models to fit the observations. We also obtain an upper limit for the orbital period of bare-core planets that agrees with observations of the "radius valley"feature in the plane of planetary radius versus the orbital period. Conclusions. The two effects, namely, tides and planetary evaporation, should be accounted for simultaneously and in a consistent way, with a detailed model for the evolution of the star.
Disciplines :
Space science, astronomy & astrophysics
Author, co-author :
Rao, Suvrat; Geneva Observatory, University of Geneva, Sauverny, Switzerland ; Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal, India ; Hamburg Observatory, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
Pezzotti, Camilla ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Unités de recherche interfacultaires > Space sciences, Technologies and Astrophysics Research (STAR) ; Geneva Observatory, University of Geneva, Sauverny, Switzerland
Meynet, Georges; Geneva Observatory, University of Geneva, Sauverny, Switzerland
Eggenberger, Patrick; Geneva Observatory, University of Geneva, Sauverny, Switzerland
Buldgen, Gaël ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophysique, géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Astrophysique stellaire théorique et astérosismologie ; Geneva Observatory, University of Geneva, Sauverny, Switzerland
Mordasini, Christoph; Physikalisches Institut, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
Bourrier, Vincent; Geneva Observatory, University of Geneva, Sauverny, Switzerland
Ekström, Sylvia; Geneva Observatory, University of Geneva, Sauverny, Switzerland
Georgy, Cyril; Geneva Observatory, University of Geneva, Sauverny, Switzerland
Language :
English
Title :
Star-planet interactions: VI. Tides, stellar activity, and planetary evaporation
Aknolwedgement. We acknowledge the anonymous referee’s critical comments which motivated us to significantly revise and improve the manuscript. This research has made use of the Extrasolar Planet Encyclopedia, http:// exoplanet.eu. This project has been supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation grant 200020-172505, and has been carried out in part within the frame of the National Centre for Competence in Research (NCCR) PlanetS.
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