Mathematics - Optimization and Control; Synthetic Methane; Remote Renewable Energy Hub; CO2 Sourcing; Energy Transition
Abstract :
[en] Achieving carbon neutrality is probably one of the most important challenges of the 21st century for our societies. Part of the solution to this challenge is to leverage renewable energies. However, these energy sources are often located far away from places that need the energy, and their availability is intermittent, which makes them challenging to work with. In this paper, we build upon the concept of Remote Renewable Energy Hubs (RREHs), which are hubs located at remote places with abundant renewable energy sources whose purpose is to produce carbon-neutral synthetic fuels. More precisely, we model and study the Energy Supply Chain (ESC) that would be required to provide a constant source of carbon-neutral synthetic methane, also called e-NG (electric Natural Gas) or e-methane (electric methane), in Belgium from an RREH located in Morocco. To be carbon neutral, a synthetic fuel has to be produced from existing carbon dioxide (CO2) that needs to be captured using either Direct Air Capture (DAC) or Post Combustion Carbon Capture (PCCC). In this work, we detail the impact of three different carbon sourcing configurations on the price of the e-methane delivered in Belgium. Our results show that sourcing CO2 through a combination of DAC and PCCC is more cost-effective,
resulting in a cost of 146 e/MWh for e-methane delivered in Belgium, as opposed to relying solely on DAC, which leads to a cost of 158 e/MWh. Moreover, these scenarios are compared to a scenario where CO2 is captured in Morocco from a CO2 emitting asset that allow to deliver e-methane for a cost of 136 e/MWh.
Disciplines :
Energy
Author, co-author :
Fonder, Michaël ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Montefiore Institute of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Counotte, Pierre
Dachet, Victor ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'électricité, électronique et informatique (Institut Montefiore) > Smart grids
de Séjournet, Jehan
Ernst, Damien ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'électricité, électronique et informatique (Institut Montefiore) > Smart grids
Language :
English
Title :
Synthetic methane for closing the carbon loop: Comparative study of three carbon sources for remote carbon-neutral fuel synthetization
Publication date :
15 March 2024
Journal title :
Applied Energy
ISSN :
0306-2619
eISSN :
1872-9118
Publisher :
Elsevier, London, United Kingdom
Volume :
358
Peer reviewed :
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi
Development Goals :
7. Affordable and clean energy 9. Industry, innovation and infrastructure 13. Climate action
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