Face à la COVID-19. Purpura thrombopénique immunologique pédiatrique réfractaire secondaire à une infection asymptomatique à SARS-CoV2.

Acute immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) has been revealed as an uncommon complication of COVID-19 in children. Severe bleeding may occur but is rarely life threatening. Management is based on the severity of bleeding symptoms and the degree of thrombocytopenia. We report the case of a 7-year-old girl with severe acute ITP secondary to a COVID-19 infection -without any respiratory symptoms. The initial clinical examination showed a large bulging mediodorsal hematoma, purpuric lesions, and posterior pharyngeal hemorrhage. The patient was monitored in a pediatric intensive care unit. Initial medical management consisted of intravenous immunoglobulins and systemic steroids. Despite this treatment, bleeding and thrombocytopenia worsened, and secondary macroscopic haematuria occurred, requiring 6-hourly platelet transfusions and increased steroid doses to obtain sufficient hemostasis. This case presents a rare and severe acute pediatric ITP secondary to asymptomatic SARS-COV2 which was refractory to initial management and opens the discussion to second line therapeutic interventions.