Cyanobacteria; metagenomics; microbial mats; polar regions; Lakes/microbiology; Metagenome; Base Sequence; Metagenomics; Cyanobacteria/genetics; General Medicine
Abstract :
[en] Benthic microbial mats dominated by Cyanobacteria are important features of polar lakes. Although culture-independent studies have provided important insights into the diversity of polar Cyanobacteria, only a handful of genomes have been sequenced to date. Here, we applied a genome-resolved metagenomics approach to data obtained from Arctic, sub-Antarctic and Antarctic microbial mats. We recovered 37 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) of Cyanobacteria representing 17 distinct species, most of which are only distantly related to genomes that have been sequenced so far. These include (i) lineages that are common in polar microbial mats such as the filamentous taxa Pseudanabaena, Leptolyngbya, Microcoleus/Tychonema and Phormidium; (ii) the less common taxa Crinalium and Chamaesiphon; (iii) an enigmatic Chroococcales lineage only distantly related to Microcystis; and (iv) an early branching lineage in the order Gloeobacterales that is distributed across the cold biosphere, for which we propose the name Candidatus Sivonenia alaskensis. Our results show that genome-resolved metagenomics is a powerful tool for expanding our understanding of the diversity of Cyanobacteria, especially in understudied remote and extreme environments.
Pessi, Igor S ; Department of Microbiology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland ; Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS), Helsinki, Finland
Popin, Rafael V ; Department of Microbiology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Roncero-Ramos, Beatriz ; InBioS - Centre for Protein Engineering, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium ; Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
Hultman, Jenni ; Department of Microbiology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland ; Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS), Helsinki, Finland ; Natural Resources Institute Finland (LUKE), Helsinki, Finland
BELSPO - Belgian Federal Science Policy Office [BE] F.R.S.-FNRS - Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique [BE] EU - European Union [BE] Academy of Finland [FI] UH - University of Helsinki [FI] ULiège FSR - Université de Liège. Fonds spéciaux pour la recherche [BE] Junta de Andalucía [ES]
Funding number :
(Award CR.CH.10-11-1.5139.11); (Award 2.4570.09); Award PORTAL – B2/212/P1/PORTAL; Award CCAMBIO – SD/BA/03A); Award AMBIO – SD/BA/01A; FRS-FNRS - grant 2.4570.09; FRS-FNRS - CR.CH.10-11-1.5139.11; Academy of Finland grant 1314114; Junta de Andalucía PAIDI-DOCTOR 21_00571
Funding text :
Funding information
This work was supported by the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (BELSPO) (projects AMBIO – SD/BA/01A, CCAMBIO – SD/BA/03A and PORTAL– B2/212 /P1/PORTAL), the Belgian National Fund for Scientific Research (FRS-FNRS) (grants 2.4570.09 and CR.CH.10-11-1.5139.11), and the EU- Interact project MiBiPol. I.S.P. and J.H. were supported by the Academy of Finland grant 1314114, R.V.P. by the Doctoral Programme in Microbiology
and Biotechnology (University of Helsinki), B.D. and V.S. by the FRS-FNRS, B.R.R. by the Special Funds for Research (University of Liège), the IPD-STEMA Programme, and the Junta de Andalucía (PAIDI-DOCTOR 21_00571), and A.W. is Senior Research Associate of the FRS-FNRS. Open access was funded by the Helsinki University Library.
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to acknowledge Sofie D’Hondt (UGent) for help with DNA extraction and library preparation, the IT Centre for Science – CSC (Finland) for providing the computational resources used in the study, and Kaarina Sivonen, Daniel Bolnick, Danillo Alvarenga and Tânia Shishido for comments. We also thank Dominic A. Hodgson, Steve J. Roberts, Wim Van Nieuwenhuyze, Koen Sabbe, Dagmar Obbels, Otakar Strunecký, Kate
Kopalová, Jan Kavan, Josef Elster, Pieter Vanormelingen and Eveline Pinseel for help during sampling campaigns or/and sharing samples. Author contributions:
I.S.P., Y.L., B.T., E.V. and A.W. conceived the experiments. I.S.P. performed most of the analysis, and R.V.P., V.S. and B.R.R. contributed with minor parts. I.S.P. and R.V.P. wrote the manuscript. All authors provided important feedback, helped shape the study and contributed to the writing of the manuscript.
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