[en] This paper provides an estimation of the hazard related to the presence of furan and five alkyl furans (2- and 3-methylfuran, 2-ethylfuran, 2,5- and 2,3-dimethylfuran) in foodstuffs available in the Belgian market. To achieve this objective, a specific sampling plan was designed to ensure that the samples collected (n = 1003) represent the diversity of the Belgian food chain. Herein, the concepts of the Hazard Ratio of a sample (HRs) and the Hazard Index of a sample (HIs) were introduced to primarily characterize the hazard related to the co-occurrence of these compounds. The HRs was measured as the ratio of the potential daily exposure to a substance (expressed in mg/Kg of food) to both the 10% reference dose level for chronic effects (expressed in mg/(kg b.w*day)) and the human standard weight (expressed in kg). Whereas the HIs is the sum of the HRs of compounds that affect the same target organ/system, a hazard index greater than one indicates a highly contaminated matrix that could induce a hazard. It is an alarm indicating that additional attention should be given to this matrix. This may involve additional analyses to confirm the high level, to identify sources, etc. It is also an alarm for the risk assessor to be very careful with flagged matrices and to avoid combination with other matrices. The HIs highlight a relatively low concern for all foods analyzed (HI median < 1.0) with a relatively higher suspected hazard for coffee drinks (HI median = 0.068, HI max = 0.57). This preliminary estimation of the potential hazard suggests that coffee beverages should be examined in more detail in a full risk assessment and that coffee consumption should be taken with caution given the levels of furan and alkylfurans reported in this study.
Disciplines :
Veterinary medicine & animal health
Author, co-author :
Alsafra, Zouheir; Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, MolSys Research Unit, University of Liege, Allée de la Chimie 3, B-6c Sart-Tilman, B-4000 Liege, Belgium
Scholl, Georges; Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, MolSys Research Unit, University of Liege, Allée de la Chimie 3, B-6c Sart-Tilman, B-4000 Liege, Belgium
De Meulenaer, Bruno; Department of Food Safety and Food Quality, Nutrifoodchem Unit, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
Eppe, Gauthier ; Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, MolSys Research Unit, University of Liege, Allée de la Chimie 3, B-6c Sart-Tilman, B-4000 Liege, Belgium
Saegerman, Claude ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des maladies infectieuses et parasitaires (DMI) > Epidémiologie et analyse des risques appliqués aux sciences vétérinaires
Language :
English
Title :
Hazard Ratio and Hazard Index as Preliminary Estimators Associated to the Presence of Furans and Alkylfurans in Belgian Foodstuffs.
FPS Health Federal Public Service Health, Food Chain Safety and Environment
Funding text :
The research that yielded these results was funded by the Belgian Federal Public Service of Health, Food Chain Safety and Environment through the contract RT19/05 MEFURAN.
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