Corsica; Geoarchaeology; Holocene; Isotope geochemistry; Palaeoenvironments; Pollen; Western Mediterranean; Anthropogenic dynamics; Coastal environments; Geoarcheology; Holocenes; Natural dynamics; Paleo-environment; Global and Planetary Change; Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics; Archeology (arts and humanities); Archeology; Geology
Abstract :
[en] The present paper provides new insights into the climatic and anthropic factors that influenced a 6000-year coastal evolution in northwestern Corsica, the third largest island of the western Mediterranean. Pollen, microcharcoal, sedimentary and geochemical analyses were carried out on a core drilled in the Crovani coastal wetland to reconstruct the regional drivers of landscape change. We show that anthropogenic and climate-induced fires favoured the development of Mediterranean maquis, dominated by Erica and Quercus ilex, from ca. 6000 to 3350 cal. BP. A change in arboreal vegetation triggered a short but intense sediment input in the Crovani pond between ca. 3350 and 3200 cal. BP. This is consistent with a coeval process of runoff recorded in several coastal sites of western Corsica and related to an arid climate change occurred in many sites of the western Mediterranean around 3200 years ago. We provide evidence of agriculture during the Late Neolithic from ca. 3900 BC, which is much earlier than any archaeological evidence previously available in this area of Corsica, followed by a progressive decline of arable farming practices. Human impact has been responsible for a degradation of the maquis only from approximately 3000 cal. BP, and it intensified in Roman times, when the area experienced the first phase of galena exploitation from the Argentella mines. Over the last 500 years, the present work evidences a major development of Castanea related to cultivation during the Genoese administration of Corsica. Our findings suggest that solar activity and the North Atlantic Oscillation had an influence on centennial-scale forest cover variations during the last 6000 years.
Disciplines :
Earth sciences & physical geography
Author, co-author :
Di Rita, Federico ; Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Environmental Biology, Italy
Ghilardi, Matthieu; CEREGE (CNRS UMR 7330-AMU-IRD-Collège de France-INRAE), Aix-en-Provence CEDEX, France
Fagel, Nathalie ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de géologie > Argiles, géochimie et environnements sédimentaires
Vacchi, Matteo; Dipartimento di Scienze Della Terra, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
This article is a contribution of the PCR “Approche géoarchéologique des paysages de Corse à l’Holocène, entre mer et intérieur des terres « Tra Mare è Monti » programme, funded by the DRAC Corsica and directed by Matthieu Ghilardi. It is also part of the MISTRALS-PALEOMEX programme of CNRS, France (INEE-INSU scientific departments) and was funded by the ARCHEOMED workshop (Dir. Laurent Lespez). This research was also supported by Sapienza University of Rome, Italy (grant numbers RM11715C820D1E6F , RM1181641C0CB0C7 , and RM120172AE4E11D6 ). The authors are grateful to the Conservatoire du Littoral (branch of Corsica) and its Director, Michel Muracciole, for delivering the work permits. We thank Donatella Magri for her precious suggestions and two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments.This article is a contribution of the PCR “Approche géoarchéologique des paysages de Corse à l'Holocène, entre mer et intérieur des terres « Tra Mare è Monti » programme, funded by the DRAC Corsica and directed by Matthieu Ghilardi. It is also part of the MISTRALS-PALEOMEX programme of CNRS, France (INEE-INSU scientific departments) and was funded by the ARCHEOMED workshop (Dir. Laurent Lespez). This research was also supported by Sapienza University of Rome, Italy (grant numbers RM11715C820D1E6F, RM1181641C0CB0C7, and RM120172AE4E11D6). The authors are grateful to the Conservatoire du Littoral (branch of Corsica) and its Director, Michel Muracciole, for delivering the work permits. We thank Donatella Magri for her precious suggestions and two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments.
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