Exploring non-stationarity patterns in schizophrenia: neural reorganization abnormalities in the alpha band.

Adult; Alpha Rhythm/physiology; Brain/physiopathology; Brain Mapping/instrumentation; Brain Mapping/methods; Electroencephalography/methods; Female; Humans; Male; Nerve Net/physiopathology; Schizophrenia/diagnosis; Schizophrenia/physiopathology; Young Adult; alpha; event-related potential (ERP); hyperactivation; Kullback-Leibler divergence; neural reorganization; non-stationarity; schizophrenia; Event related potentials(ERP); Kullback Leibler divergence; Non-stationarities; Alpha Rhythm; Brain; Brain Mapping; Electroencephalography; Nerve Net; Biomedical Engineering; Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience

Abstract :

[en] [en] OBJECTIVE: The aim of this paper was to characterize brain non-stationarity during an auditory oddball task in schizophrenia (SCH). The level of non-stationarity was measured in the baseline and response windows of relevant tones in SCH patients and healthy controls. APPROACH: Event-related potentials were recorded from 28 SCH patients and 51 controls. Non-stationarity was estimated in the conventional electroencephalography frequency bands by means of Kullback-Leibler divergence (KLD). Relative power (RP) was also computed to assess a possible complementarity with KLD. MAIN RESULTS: Results showed a widespread statistically significant increase in the level of non-stationarity from baseline to response in all frequency bands for both groups. Statistically significant differences in non-stationarity were found between SCH patients and controls in beta-2 and in the alpha band. SCH patients showed more non-stationarity in the left parieto-occipital region during the baseline window in the beta-2 band. A leave-one-out cross validation classification study with feature selection based on binary stepwise logistic regression to discriminate between SCH patients and controls provided a positive predictive value of 72.73% and negative predictive value of 78.95%. SIGNIFICANCE: KLD can characterize transient neural reorganization during an attentional task in response to novelty and relevance. Our findings suggest anomalous reorganization of neural dynamics in SCH during an oddball task. The abnormal frequency-dependent modulation found in SCH patients during relevant tones is in agreement with the hypothesis of aberrant salience detection in SCH. The increase in non-stationarity in the alpha band during the active task supports the notion that this band is involved in top-down processing. The baseline differences in the beta-2 band suggest that hyperactivation of the default mode network during attention tasks may be related to SCH symptoms. Furthermore, the classification improved when features from both KLD and RP were used, supporting the idea that these measures can be complementary.

Disciplines :

Neurology

Author, co-author :

Nunez Novo, Pablo ; University of Valladolid > Biomedical Engineering Group

Poza, Jesús; Biomedical Engineering Group, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain ; IMUVA, Mathematics Research Institute, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain ; INCYL, Institute of Neurosciences of Castilla y León, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain

Bachiller, Alejandro; Biomedical Engineering Group, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain

Gomez-Pilar, Javier; Biomedical Engineering Group, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain

Lubeiro, Alba; Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain

Molina, Vicente; INCYL, Institute of Neurosciences of Castilla y León, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain ; Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain ; Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valladolid, Spain

Hornero, Roberto; Biomedical Engineering Group, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain ; IMUVA, Mathematics Research Institute, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain ; INCYL, Institute of Neurosciences of Castilla y León, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain

Language :

English

Title :

Exploring non-stationarity patterns in schizophrenia: neural reorganization abnormalities in the alpha band.

Publication date :

August 2017

Journal title :

Journal of Neural Engineering

ISSN :

1741-2560

eISSN :

1741-2552

Publisher :

Institute of Physics Publishing, England

Volume :

Issue :

Pages :

046001

Peer reviewed :

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Additional URL :

http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1741-2552/aa6e05

Funders :

JCYL - Junta de Castilla y León
ISCIII - Instituto de Salud Carlos III
UVA - University of Valladolid
MINECO - Gobierno de Espana. Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad
ESF - European Social Fund

Funding text :

This research project was supported in part by the projects TEC2014-53196-R of ‘Ministerio de Economía y Com-petitividad’ and FEDER; the project VA037U16 from the ‘Consejería de Educación de la Junta de Castilla y León’, the ‘Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias (Instituto de Salud Carlos III)’ under projects FIS PI11/02203 and PI15/00299; and the ‘Gerencia Regional de Salud de Castilla y León’ under projects GRS 932/A/14 and GRS 1134/A/15. P Núñez was in receipt of a ‘Promoción de empleo joven e implantación de la Garantía Juvenil en I + D + i’ grant from ‘Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad’ and the University of Valladolid, A Bachiller and J Gomez-Pilar were in receipt of a PIF-UVA grant from the University of Valladolid. A Lubeiro has a predoctoral scholarship from the ‘Junta de Castilla y León’ and European Social Fund.

Available on ORBi :

since 17 May 2023

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