Salinity significantly affects intestinal microbiota and gene expression in striped catfish juveniles

Gene expression; Intestinal microbiota; Osmoregulation; Salinity; Striped catfish; Ion exchange; Pattern recognition; Proteins; Water; Exposed to; Fish species; Fresh Water; Freshwater fishes; Genes expression; Microbiotas; Phylogenetic diversity; Fish; bacterial RNA; chaperonin 60; fresh water; heat shock protein 70; heat shock protein 90; pattern recognition receptor; RNA 16S; salt water; fish; gene expression; ion exchange; juvenile; microorganism; osmoregulation; pollution exposure; salinity; Akkermansia; Article; bacterial gene; Bacteroidetes; catfish; controlled study; DNA extraction; environmental exposure; Firmicutes; gene control; immune response; intestine flora; metabolism; microbial diversity; nonhuman; operational taxonomic unit; osmotic stress; phylogeny; Proteobacteria; Verrucomicrobia; Vibrio; animal; physiology; Ireland; Shannon; Animals; Catfishes; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Gene Expression; Phylogeny

Abstract :

[en] Abstract: In the present study, juvenile striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus), a freshwater fish species, have been chronically exposed to a salinity gradient from freshwater to 20 psu (practical salinity unit) and were sampled at the beginning (D20) and the end (D34) of exposure. The results revealed that the intestinal microbial profile of striped catfish reared in freshwater conditions were dominated by the phyla Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Verrucomicrobia. Alpha diversity measures (observed OTUs (operational taxonomic units), Shannon and Faith’s PD (phylogenetic diversity)) showed a decreasing pattern as the salinities increased, except for the phylogenetic diversity at D34, which was showing an opposite trend. Furthermore, the beta diversity between groups was significantly different. Vibrio and Akkermansia genera were affected differentially with increasing salinity, the former being increased while the latter was decreased. The genus Sulfurospirillium was found predominantly in fish submitted to salinity treatments. Regarding the host response, the fish intestine likely contributed to osmoregulation by modifying the expression of osmoregulatory genes such as nka1a, nka1b, slc12a1, slc12a2, cftr, and aqp1, especially in fish exposed to 15 and 20 psu. The expression of heat shock proteins (hsp) hsp60, hsp70, and hsp90 was significantly increased in fish reared in 15 and 20 psu. On the other hand, the expression of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) were inhibited in fish exposed to 20 psu at D20. In conclusion, the fish intestinal microbiota was significantly disrupted in salinities higher than 10 psu and these effects were proportional to the exposure time. In addition, the modifications of intestinal gene expression related to ion exchange and stressful responses may help the fish to adapt hyperosmotic environment. Key points: • It is the first study to provide detailed information on the gut microbiota of fish using the amplicon sequencing method. • Salinity environment significantly modified the intestinal microbiota of striped catfish. • Intestinal responses may help the fish adapt to hyperosmotic environment. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.

Disciplines :

Animal production & animal husbandry

Author, co-author :

Hieu, D.Q.; Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Life Earth & Environment (ILEE), University of Namur, Namur, Belgium

Hang, B.T.B.; College of Aquaculture and Fisheries, Can Tho University, Can Tho City, Viet Nam

Lokesh, J.; Université de Pau Et Des Pays de L’Adour, Saint-Pee-sur-Nivelle, NuMéA, INRAE, E2S UPPA, France

Garigliany, Mutien-Marie ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de morphologie et pathologie (DMP) > Pathologie générale et autopsies

Huong, D.T.T.; College of Aquaculture and Fisheries, Can Tho University, Can Tho City, Viet Nam

Yen, D.T.; College of Aquaculture and Fisheries, Can Tho University, Can Tho City, Viet Nam

Liem, P.T.; College of Aquaculture and Fisheries, Can Tho University, Can Tho City, Viet Nam

Tam, B.M.; College of Aquaculture and Fisheries, Can Tho University, Can Tho City, Viet Nam

Hai, D.M.; College of Aquaculture and Fisheries, Can Tho University, Can Tho City, Viet Nam, Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liege, Belgium

Son, V.N.; College of Aquaculture and Fisheries, Can Tho University, Can Tho City, Viet Nam

More authors (3 more)

Language :

English

Title :

Salinity significantly affects intestinal microbiota and gene expression in striped catfish juveniles

Publication date :

2022

Journal title :

Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology

ISSN :

0175-7598

eISSN :

1432-0614

Publisher :

Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH

Volume :

106

Issue :

Pages :

3245 - 3264

Peer reviewed :

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Funding text :

The research was supported by the Académie de Recherche et d’Enseignement Supérieur (ARES) and the General Directorate and Development for Cooperation (DGD) in Belgium.

Available on ORBi :

since 11 May 2023

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