[en] Tyloses are swellings of parenchyma cells into adjacent water-conducting cells that develop in vascular plants as part of heartwood formation or specifically in response to embolism and pathogen infection. Here we document tyloses in Late Devonian (approximately 360 Myr ago) Callixylon wood. This discovery suggests that some of the earliest woody trees were already capable of protecting their vascular system by occluding individual conducting cells.
Harper, Carla J ; AMAP, Université Montpellier, CIRAD, CNRS, INRAe, IRD, Montpellier, France ; Botany Department, School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
Prestianni, Cyrille ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de géologie > Evolution and diversity dynamics lab ; Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium
Durieux, Thibault ; Botany Department, School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
Krings, Michael ; SNSB-Bayerische Staatssammlung für Paläontologie und Geologie, Munich, Germany ; Department für Geo- und Umweltwissenschaften, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
Language :
English
Title :
Fossil evidence of tylosis formation in Late Devonian plants.
This work was supported by a Tellus-Interrvie grant (DECA, CNRS-Institut National des Sciences de l’Univers) to A.-L.D. and a PHC Ulysses grant (no. 47212TK, Irish Research Council and French Ministry of Foreign Affairs) to C.J.H. and A.-L.D. We thank C. Girard (ISEM Montpellier) and B. Meyer-Berthaud (AMAP, Montpellier) for help in the field and comments on a previous draft of the paper. AMAP (botAny and Modelling of Plant Architecture and vegetation) is a joint research unit involving Montpellier University, CNRS (UMR 5120), CIRAD (UMR51), INRAe (UMR931) and IRD (UR123).
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