[en] The cosmological principle (CP)-the notion that the Universe is spatially isotropic and homogeneous on large scales-underlies a century of progress in cosmology. It is conventionally formulated through the Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) cosmologies as the spacetime metric, and culminates in the successful and highly predictive Λ-Cold-Dark-Matter (ΛCDM) model. Yet, tensions have emerged within the ΛCDM model, most notably a statistically significant discrepancy in the value of the Hubble constant, H <SUB>0</SUB>. Since the notion of cosmic expansion determined by a single parameter is intimately tied to the CP, implications of the H <SUB>0</SUB> tension may extend beyond ΛCDM to the CP itself. This review surveys current observational hints for deviations from the expectations of the CP, highlighting synergies and disagreements that warrant further study. Setting aside the debate about individual large structures, potential deviations from the CP include variations of cosmological parameters on the sky, discrepancies in the cosmic dipoles, and mysterious alignments in quasar polarizations and galaxy spins. While it is possible that a host of observational systematics are impacting results, it is equally plausible that precision cosmology may have outgrown the FLRW paradigm, an extremely pragmatic but non-fundamental symmetry assumption.
Disciplines :
Space science, astronomy & astrophysics
Author, co-author :
Kumar Aluri, Pavan; Banaras Hindu University, India
Cea, Paolo; Italian National Institute of Nuclear Physics, Bari
Chingangbam, Pravabati; Indian Institute of Astrophysics, Bangalore, Korea Institute for Advanced Study
Chu, Ming-Chung; Department of Physics and Institute of Theoretical Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, People's Republic of China
Clowes, Roger G.; University of Central Lancashire, Centre for Astrophysics
Hutsemekers, Damien ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophysique, géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Space sciences, Technologies and Astrophysics Research (STAR)
Kochappan, Joby P.; Asia Pacific Center for Theoretical Physics, Seoul, Korea
Lopez, Alexia M.; University of Central Lancashire, Centre for Astrophysics
Liu, Lang; Kunsan National University, Korea
Martens, Niels C. M.; University of Utrecht, Netherlands, University of Bonn, Department of Physics and Astronomy
Martins, C. J. A. P.; University of Porto, Center for Astrophysics, University of Porto, Center for Astrophysics
Migkas, Konstantinos; University of Bonn, Argelander Institute for Astronomy
Ó Colgáin, Eoin; Atlantic Technological University, Ash Lane, Sligo, Ireland, CQUeST &, Department of Physics, Sogang University, Seoul 121-742, Republic of Korea
Pranav, Pratyush; Observatoire de Lyon, Centre Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon
Shamir, Lior; Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States of America
Singal, Ashok K.; Physical Research Laboratory, Astronomy and Astrophysics Division
Sheikh-Jabbari, M. M.; Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Abdus Salam International Center for Theoretical Physics
Wagner, Jenny; Bahamas Advanced Study Institute and Conferences, 4A Ocean Heights, Hill View Circle, Stella Maris, Long Island, The Bahamas
Wang, Shao-Jiang; CAS, Institute of Theoretical Physics, Beijing
Wiltshire, David L.; University of Canterbury, New Zealand
Yeung, Shek; Department of Physics and Institute of Theoretical Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, People's Republic of China
Yin, Lu; Asia Pacific Center for Theoretical Physics, Seoul, Korea, -
Zhao, Wen; University of Science and Technology of China, Department of Astronomy, University of Science and Technology of China, Department of Astronomy
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