[en] Aim: How spatial, historical and ecological processes drive diversity patterns remains
one of the main foci of island biogeography. We determined how beta diversity varies
across spatial scales and among organisms, disentangled the drivers of this variation,
and examined how, consequently, biogeographic affinities within and among archipelagos
vary among land plants.
Location: Macaronesia.
Taxon: Bryophytes, pteridophytes, spermatophytes.
Methods: Species turnover and nestedness were compared within and among archipelagos
across taxonomic groups. The relationship between species turnover and
nestedness, climatic, geological and geographic factors was analysed using generalized
dissimilarity models.
Results: Species turnover, but not nestedness, increased with the geographic scale.
This increment decreased from spermatophytes, pteridophytes and bryophytes,
wherein the median turnover was less than half that in spermatophytes. Bryophytes
exhibited a significantly higher nestedness and lower turnover than spermatophytes.
Extant climatic conditions and island age contributed the most to all models but the
importance of island age for bryophyte and pteridophyte turnover was marginal.
Spermatophyte floras clustered by archipelago, whereas the clustering patterns in
pteridophyte and bryophyte floras reflected macroclimatic conditions.
Main Conclusions: The lower increment of species turnover with spatial scale and the higher
nestedness in bryophytes and pteridophytes than in spermatophytes reflect the variation
in dispersal capacities and distribution ranges among land plants. Accordingly, extant climatic
conditions contributed more to explain turnover in bryophytes and pteridophytes
than in spermatophytes, whereas factors associated with dispersal limitations, including
island age, geographic distance and archipelago structure, exhibited the reverse trend.
The differences in beta diversity patterns, caused by different responses of Macaronesian
land plant lineages to the main factors shaping their community composition, explain their
different biogeographic affinities. These differences reflect a distinct origin and different
mechanisms of speciation among Macaronesian land plant lineages and archipelagos.
Patiño, Jairo; Island Ecology and Evolution Research Group Institute of Natural Products and Agrobiology (IPNA‐CSIC) La Laguna Spain
Carine, Mark ; Algae, Fungi & Plants Division, Department of Life Sciences The Natural History Museum London UK ; Madeira Botanical Group (GBM), Faculty of Life Sciences University of Madeira Funchal Portugal
Rumsey, Fred; Algae, Fungi & Plants Division, Department of Life Sciences The Natural History Museum London UK ; Madeira Botanical Group (GBM), Faculty of Life Sciences University of Madeira Funchal Portugal
de Sequeira, Miguel Menezes; Madeira Botanical Group (GBM), Faculty of Life Sciences University of Madeira Funchal Portugal ; InBio, Research Network in Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology CIBIO‐Azores Ponta Delgada Portugal
González‐Mancebo, Juana María; Plant Conservation and Biogeography Group Department of Botany, Ecology and Plant Physiology, Biology Section, Science Faculty University of La Laguna Tenerife (Canary Islands) Spain
Gabriel, Rosalina Maria de Almeida; Azorean Biodiversity Group CE3C–Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Universidade dos Açores Angra do Heroísmo Portugal
Hardy, Olivier J.; Evolutionary Biology and Ecology Université Libre de Bruxelles Brussels Belgium
Sim‐Sim, Manuela; Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências de Lisboa DBV—Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, 3cE3c—Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes & CHANGE—Global Change and Sustainability Institute Lisbon Portugal ; Museu Nacional de História Natural e da Ciência Universidade de Lisboa, Rua da Escola Politécnica Lisbon Portugal
Reyes‐Betancort, J. Alfredo; Jardín de Aclimatación de La Orotava Instituto Canario de Investigaciones Agrarias (ICIA) Santa Cruz de Tenerife Spain
Collart, Flavien ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de Biologie, Ecologie et Evolution > Biologie de l'évolution et de la conservation - Unité aCREA-Ulg (Conseils et Recherches en Ecologie Appliquée) ; Department of Ecology and Evolution (DEE) University of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland
Vanderpoorten, Alain ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de Biologie, Ecologie et Evolution > Biologie de l'évolution et de la conservation - Unité aCREA-Ulg (Conseils et Recherches en Ecologie Appliquée)
Language :
English
Title :
Patterns and drivers of beta diversity across geographic scales and lineages in the Macaronesian flora
Alternative titles :
[fr] Patterns et moteurs de la diversité bêta à travers les échelles géographiques et les lignées de la flore macaronésienne
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