Alkaline phosphatases; Bone alkaline phosphatase; Hypophosphatasia; Mineralization; Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism; Orthopedics and Sports Medicine; Endocrinology
Abstract :
[en] Alkaline phosphatases (ALPs) are a group of isoenzymes, situated on the external layer of the cell membrane; they catalyze the hydrolysis of organic phosphate esters present in the extracellular space. Zinc and magnesium are significant co-factors for the biological activity of these enzymes. Although ALPs are available in various body tissues and have distinct physiochemical properties, they are true isoenzymes since they catalyze a similar reaction. In the liver, ALP is cytosolic and present in the canalicular membrane of the hepatocytes. ALPs are available in placenta, ileal mucosa, kidney, bone, and liver. However, most of the ALPs in serum (over 80%) are delivered from liver and bone and in more modest quantities from the intestines. Despite the fact that alkaline phosphatases are found in numerous tissues all through the body, their exact physiological function remains largely unknown.
Disciplines :
Laboratory medicine & medical technology
Author, co-author :
Makris, Konstantinos; Clinical Biochemistry Department, KAT General Hospital, Kifissia, Athens, Greece ; Laboratory for the Research of Musculoskeletal System "Th. Garofalidis", School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
Mousa, Chagigia; 6th Orthopedic Department, KAT General Hospital, Kifissia, Athens, Greece
Cavalier, Etienne ; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège - CHU > > Service de chimie clinique
Language :
English
Title :
Alkaline Phosphatases: Biochemistry, Functions, and Measurement.
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