Multi-method dating constrains the diversification of early eukaryotes in the Proterozoic Mbuji-Mayi Supergroup of the D.R.Congo and the geological evolution of the Congo Basin
147Sm/143Nd dating; 187Re/ 187Os dating; 40Ar/39Ar dating; Dolerite; Proterozoic of central Africa; Geology; Earth-Surface Processes; eukaryotes
Abstract :
[en] We present a petrological and geochronological study of the Proterozoic Mbuji-Mayi sedimentary Supergroup (Sankuru-Mbuji-Mayi-Lomami-Lovoy basin, Democratic Republic of the Congo) and of the overlying subvolcanic doleritic rocks. Dating this Supergroup in Central Africa is crucial to reconstruct the geological history and evolution of the Congo Basin and because it contains a large diversity of organic-walled microfossils including early eukaryotes. For this study, we use the Re–Os dating method on kerogen from shales from the top of the lower Group BI (which contains the microfossils) and Ar–Ar, Sm–Nd and U–Pb methods on the dolerites emplaced near the top of the succession, defining the end of the sedimentation in the basin. The 187Re/187Os dating yield an age of 1041 ± 58 Ma. For the dolerites, 40Ar/39Ar dating provide a similar minimum age from 1006 ± 13 to 1009 ± 32 Ma in the whole basin. 147Sm/143Nd dating confirms a less precise but overlapping age of 926 ± 170 Ma for sample from the Western part of the basin. Some 40Ar/39Ar dating and U–Pb dating provide also inherited Archean ages. The weighted average age for igneous samples from the basin is 1006 ± 12 Ma. This confirms that the upper Group BII was deposited from 1030 to 1040 to 1006 Ma, consistent with previous U–Pb dating on diagenetic minerals and with biostratigraphy. This new dating provides constraints on the late Mesoproterozoic – early Neoproterozoic diversification of early eukaryotes in Central Africa. We also compare the petrology, geochemistry and geochronology of dolerites from different locations of the basin. Our new data evidence a common origin for all the subvolcanic rocks, emplaced in an intraplate setting and intruding the Archean basement, and indirectly date the end of the extensional stage that initiated the development of the Congo Basin.
Disciplines :
Physical, chemical, mathematical & earth Sciences: Multidisciplinary, general & others
Author, co-author :
François, Camille ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de géologie > Early Life Traces & Evolution-Astrobiology ; Commission for the Geological Map of the World, Paris, France
Baludikay, B.K.; Early Life Traces & Evolution-Astrobiology Lab, UR Astrobiology, B18, University of Liege, Liège, Belgium ; University of Kinshasa/Unikin, Kinshasa, Congo
Multi-method dating constrains the diversification of early eukaryotes in the Proterozoic Mbuji-Mayi Supergroup of the D.R.Congo and the geological evolution of the Congo Basin
ERC - European Research Council F.R.S.-FNRS - Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique Francqui Foundation
Funding text :
Research funding came from the European Research Council Stg ELITE FP7/308074 (EJ, CF), the BELSPO IAP PLANET TOPERS (EJ, VD), the FRS-FNRS-FWO EOS ET-HOME (EJ, VD), the Francqui Foundation (EJ, CF), the FNRS-FRS (VD), the ERC Stg ISoSyC 366718 (VD) and two STSM Grant ORIGINS COST Action TD1308-180915-067585 & TD1308-151116-081654 (CF) for ICP-MS analyzes in the Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans in Clermont-Ferrand and for Re–Os analyzes in the Institut Physique du Globe de Paris.
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