Ankle foot orthosis; Biocompatibility; Gait; Locomotion; Shape memory alloy; % reductions; Actuated ankles; Ankle foot orthose; Energy cost; Metabolic energy; Steady state; Superelasticity; Zero energies; Control and Systems Engineering
Abstract :
[en] Humans can be considered inefficient at walking because they are unable to achieve the theoretically ideal 'zero energy cost' of steady-state locomotion that is possible for bipeds who have elastic tissues. This inefficiency is mainly due to part of the energy that is generated by the body to complete a single step being dissipated instead of being stored for use in the proceeding step. This suggests that we can improve locomotion efficiency and reduce the metabolic energy cost of walking by manipulating the elasticity of the lower limbs using exoskeletal devices [1]. However, most traditional designs use springs made from regular material that have a constant stiffness. These devices exert a linear force pattern that is not biocompatible because they do not mimic the forces of the muscles or the tendons of the human body. This paper presents an interdisciplinary study of the design of a passive-dynamic ankle foot orthosis mechanism that reduces the biological muscle force requirements during locomotion, thus reducing the metabolic energy cost of walking while maintaining biocompatibility. Shape memory alloy is used as a smart material for an actuator owing to its super-elasticity. This super-elasticity provides a nonlinear stiffness pattern that generates forces comparable to those of healthy muscles.
Disciplines :
Mechanical engineering
Author, co-author :
Alminnawi, Ahmad ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Aérospatiale et Mécanique (A&M) ; Osaka University, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka, Japan
Kobayashi, Yo; Osaka University, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka, Japan
Otani, Tomohiro; Osaka University, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka, Japan
Tanaka, Masao; Osaka University, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka, Japan
Language :
English
Title :
Shape memory alloy actuated ankle foot orthosis for reduction of locomotion force
This work was supported bytheJapan Societyfor the Promotion of ScienceunderaGrant-in-AidforScientificResearch(B)(No.19H02112) and a Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research (No. 19K22878).
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