surveys; catalogs; stars: fundamental parameters; stars: abundances; stars: early-type; techniques: spectroscopic; Astrophysics - Solar and; Stellar Astrophysics; Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies; Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract :
[en] Context. The Gaia-ESO Survey (GES) is a large public spectroscopic survey that has collected, over a period of six years, spectra of ~10<SUP>5</SUP> stars. This survey provides not only the reduced spectra, but also the stellar parameters and abundances resulting from the analysis of the spectra. <BR /> Aims: The GES dataflow is organised in 19 working groups. Working group 13 (WG13) is responsible for the spectral analysis of the hottest stars (O, B, and A type, with a formal cutoff of T<SUB>eff</SUB> > 7000 K) that were observed as part of GES. We present the procedures and techniques that have been applied to the reduced spectra in order to determine the stellar parameters and abundances of these stars. <BR /> Methods: The procedure used was similar to that of other working groups in GES. A number of groups (called Nodes) each independently analyse the spectra via state-of-the-art techniques and codes. Specific for the analysis in WG13 was the large temperature range covered (T<SUB>eff</SUB> ≈ 7000-50 000 K), requiring the use of different analysis codes. Most Nodes could therefore only handle part of the data. Quality checks were applied to the results of these Nodes by comparing them to benchmark stars, and by comparing them to one another. For each star the Node values were then homogenised into a single result: the recommended parameters and abundances. <BR /> Results: Eight Nodes each analysed part of the data. In total 17 693 spectra of 6462 stars were analysed, most of them in 37 open star clusters. The homogenisation led to stellar parameters for 5584 stars. Abundances were determined for a more limited number of stars. The elements studied are He, C, N, O, Ne, Mg, Al, Si, and Sc. Abundances for at least one of these elements were determined for 292 stars. <BR /> Conclusions: The hot-star data analysed here, as well as the GES data in general, will be of considerable use in future studies of stellar evolution and open clusters.
Disciplines :
Space science, astronomy & astrophysics
Author, co-author :
Blomme, R.; Royal Observatory of Belgium
Daflon, S.; Observatório Nacional/MCTIC, R. Gal. José Cristino 77, São Cristovão, 20921-400, Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil
Gebran, M.; Department of Chemistry and Physics, Saint Mary's College, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
Herrero, A.; Royal Observatory of Belgium, University of La Laguna, Department of Astrophysics
Lobel, A.; Royal Observatory of Belgium
Mahy, Laurent ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophysique, géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Groupe d'astrophysique des hautes énergies (GAPHE)
Martins, F.; LUPM-UMR 5299, CNRS &, Université Montpellier, Place Eugene Bataillon, 34095, Montpellier Cedex 05, France
Morel, Thierry ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Unités de recherche interfacultaires > Space sciences, Technologies and Astrophysics Research (STAR)
Berlanas, S. R.; Departamento de Física Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Alicante, Carretera de San Vicente s/n, 03690, San Vicente del Raspeig, Spain
Blazere, Aurore ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophysique, géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Groupe d'astrophysique des hautes énergies (GAPHE)
Frémat, Y.; Royal Observatory of Belgium
Gosset, Eric ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophysique, géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Groupe d'astrophysique des hautes énergies (GAPHE)
Maíz Apellániz, J.; Center for Astrobiology, Madrid
Santos, W.; Observatório Nacional/MCTIC, R. Gal. José Cristino 77, São Cristovão, 20921-400, Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil
Semaan, T.; University of Liege, Laboratory of Planetary and Atmospheric Physics, University of Geneva, Astronomical Observatory
Simón-Díaz, S.; Astrophysical Institute of the Canaries, University of La Laguna, Department of Astrophysics
Volpi, D.; Royal Observatory of Belgium
Holgado, G.; Astrophysical Institute of the Canaries, University of La Laguna, Department of Astrophysics
Jiménez-Esteban, F.; Departamento de Astrofísica, Centro de Astrobiología (CSICINTA), ESAC Campus, Camino Bajo del Castillo s/n, 28692, Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, Spain
Nieva, M. F.; University of Innsbruck, Institute of Astrophysics
Przybilla, N.; University of Innsbruck, Institute of Astrophysics
Gilmore, G.; University of Cambridge, Institute of Astronomy
Randich, S.; Astronomical Observatory of Arcetri
Negueruela, I.; Departamento de Física Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Alicante, Carretera de San Vicente s/n, 03690, San Vicente del Raspeig, Spain
Prusti, T.; European Space Research and Technology Centre
Vallenari, A.; Astronomical Observatory of Padua
Alfaro, E. J.; Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (CSIC), Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, Granada, 18008, Spain
Bensby, T.; Lund Observatory
Bragaglia, A.; Astronomical Observatory of Bologna
Flaccomio, E.; Astronomical Observatory of Palermo
Francois, P.; Observatoire de Paris, Laboratoire Galaxies Etoiles Physiques et Instrumentation
Korn, A. J.; Uppsala University, Department of Physics and Astronomy
Lanzafame, A.; University of Catania, Department of Physics and Astronomy
Pancino, E.; Astronomical Observatory of Arcetri, Italian Space Agency
Smiljanic, R.; Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center, Warsaw
Bergemann, M.; Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg, Niels Bohr Institute for Astronomy, Physics and Geophysics
Carraro, G.; University of Padua, Department of Physics and Astronomy
Franciosini, E.; Astronomical Observatory of Arcetri
Gonneau, A.; University of Cambridge, Institute of Astronomy
Heiter, U.; Uppsala University, Department of Physics and Astronomy
Hourihane, A.; University of Cambridge, Institute of Astronomy
Jofré, P.; Diego Portales University, Chile
Magrini, L.; Astronomical Observatory of Arcetri
Morbidelli, L.; Astronomical Observatory of Arcetri
Sacco, G. G.; Astronomical Observatory of Arcetri
Worley, C. C.; University of Cambridge, Institute of Astronomy
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