Astronomy and Astrophysics; Space and Planetary Science
Abstract :
[en] We have observed electron impact fluorescence from CO2 to excite the Cameron bands (CBs), CO (a 3Π → X 1Σ+; 180-280 nm), the first-negative group (1NG) bands, CO+ (B 2Σ+ → X 2Σ+; 180-320 nm), the fourth-positive group (4PG) bands, CO (A 1Π → X 1Σ+; 111-280 nm), and the UV doublet, CO2+ ( B 2Σ u + → X 2Π g ; 288.3 and 289.6 nm) in the ultraviolet (UV). This wavelength range matches the spectral region of past and present spacecraft equipped to observe UV dayglow and aurora emissions from the thermospheres (100-300 km) of Mars and Venus. Our large vacuum system apparatus is able to measure the emission cross sections of the strongest optically forbidden UV transitions found in planetary spectra. Based on our cross-sectional measurements, previous CB emission cross-sectional errors exceed a factor of 3. The UV doublet lifetime is perturbed through B 2Σu + − A 2Π u spin-orbit coupling. Forward modeling codes of the Mars dayglow have not been accurate in the mid-UV due to systematic errors in these two emission cross sections. We furnish absolute emission cross sections for several band systems over electron energies 20-100 eV for CO2. We present a CB lifetime, which together with emission cross sections, furnish a set of fundamental physical constants for electron transport codes such as AURIC (Atmospheric Ultraviolet Radiance Integrated Code). AURIC and Trans-Mars are used in the analysis of UV spectra from the Martian dayglow and aurora.
Disciplines :
Space science, astronomy & astrophysics
Author, co-author :
Lee, Rena A. ; Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, United States ; Department of Earth Sciences, University of Hawai’i at Mānoa, Honolulu, United States
Ajello, Joseph M. ; Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, United States
Malone, Charles P. ; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, United States
Evans, J. Scott ; Computational Physics Inc., Springfield, United States
Veibell, Victoir ; Computational Physics Inc., Springfield, United States
Holsclaw, Gregory M. ; Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, United States
McClintock, William E. ; Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, United States
Hoskins, Alan C.; Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, United States
Jain, Sonal K. ; Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, United States
Gérard, Jean-Claude ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophysique, géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Labo de physique atmosphérique et planétaire (LPAP)
Aryal, Saurav ; Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, United States
Schneider, Nicholas M. ; Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, United States
Language :
English
Title :
Laboratory Study of the Cameron Bands and UV Doublet in the Middle Ultraviolet 180-300 nm by Electron Impact upon CO2 with Application to Mars
This work was primarily performed at the Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics (LASP), University of Colorado (CU) Boulder, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of Technology (Caltech), under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). We gratefully acknowledge financial support through NASA's Solar System Workings (SSW), and the National Science Foundation (NSF) GEO-AGS Aeronomy program, NSF award number 2031349. R.A.L. thanks the Boulder Solar Alliance NSF REU program for past support. J-C.G. is supported by the PRODEX program managed by the European Space Agency (ESA) with help from the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (BELSPO). We thank Karl Hubbell for technical support and Bruce Jakosky, and the MAVEN team, for the usage of the IUVS Optical-Engineering Unit (OEU). U.S. government sponsorship is acknowledged.
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