Conceptual model; Focused recharge; Groundwater recharge; Hydrogeology; Semi-arid; Superficial geology; Water Science and Technology; Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)
Abstract :
[en] Study region: Little Kinyasungwe River Catchment, central semi-arid Tanzania. Study focus: The structure and hydraulic properties of superficial geology can play a crucial role in controlling groundwater recharge in drylands. However, the pathways by which groundwater recharge occurs and their sensitivity to environmental change remain poorly resolved. Geophysical surveys using Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) were conducted in the study region and used to delineate shallow subsurface stratigraphy in conjunction with borehole logs. Based on these results, a series of local-scale conceptual hydrogeological models was produced and collated to generate a 3D conceptual model of groundwater recharge to the wellfield. New hydrological insights for the region: We propose that configurations of superficial geology control groundwater recharge in dryland settings as follows: 1) superficial sand deposits act as collectors and stores that slowly feed recharge into zones of active faulting; 2) these fault zones provide permeable pathways enabling greater recharge to occur; 3) ‘windows’ within layers of smectitic clay that underlie ephemeral streams may provide pathways for focused recharge via transmission losses; and 4) overbank flooding during high intensity precipitation events increases the probability of activating such permeable pathways. These conceptual models provide a physical basis to improve numerical models of groundwater recharge in drylands, and a conceptual framework to evaluate strategies (e.g., Managed Aquifer Recharge) to artificially enhance the availability of groundwater resources in these regions.
Disciplines :
Earth sciences & physical geography
Author, co-author :
Zarate, E.; School of Earth & Environmental Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom ; British Geological Survey, Lyell Centre, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Hobley, D.; School of Earth & Environmental Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
MacDonald, A.M.; British Geological Survey, Lyell Centre, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Swift, Russell ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Urban and Environmental Engineering ; British Geological Survey, Lyell Centre, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Chambers, J.; British Geological Survey, Lyell Centre, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Kashaigili, J.J.; Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania
Mutayoba, E.; Water Institute, Water Resources Department, Dsm, Tanzania
Taylor, R.G.; Department of Geography, University College London, London, United Kingdom
Cuthbert, M.O.; School of Earth & Environmental Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom ; The University of New South Wales (UNSW), School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Sydney, Australia ; Water Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
Language :
English
Title :
The role of superficial geology in controlling groundwater recharge in the weathered crystalline basement of semi-arid Tanzania
Emanuel Zarate is supported by a NERC GW4+ Doctoral Training Partnership studentship from the Natural Environment Research Council [ NE/L002434/1 ] and is thankful for the support and additional funding from CASE partner , the BGS .Further funding is gratefully acknowledged as follows: RGT - GroFutures ( NE008932/1 ) under the NERC-ESRC DFID UPGro programme; JK - GroFutures ( NE008592/1 ) under the NERC-ESRC DFID UPGro programme; MOC - NERC Independent Research Fellowship ( NE/P017819/1 ).
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