The seeds of invasion: enhanced germination in invasive European populations of black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) compared to native American populations.
Robinia pseudoacacia; biological invasion; black locust; genetic differentiation; germination; life-history traits; phenotypic plasticity; quantitative genetics; seedlings; American Indians or Alaska Natives; Germination; Humans; Seeds; Trees; Robinia; American Natives; Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics; Plant Science; General Medicine
Abstract :
[en] Local adaptation and the evolution of phenotypic plasticity may facilitate biological invasions. Both processes can enhance germination and seedling recruitment, which are crucial life-history traits for plants. The rate, timing and speed of germination have recently been documented as playing a major role during the invasion process. Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) is a North American tree, which has spread widely throughout Europe. A recent study demonstrated that a few populations are the source of European black locust. Thus, invasive populations can be compared to native ones in order to identify genetic-based phenotypic differentiation and the role of phenotypic plasticity can thereby be assessed. A quantitative genetics experiment was performed to evaluate 13 juvenile traits of both native and invasive black locust populations (3000 seeds, 20 populations) subjected to three different thermal treatments (18 °C, 22 °C and 31 °C). The results revealed European populations to have a higher germination rate than the native American populations (88% versus 60%), and even when genetic distance between populations was considered. Moreover, this trait showed lower plasticity to temperature in the invasive range than in the native one. Conversely, other studied traits showed high plasticity to temperature, but they responded in a similar way to temperature increase: the warmer the temperature, the higher the growth rate or germination traits values. The demonstrated genetic differentiation between native and invasive populations testifies to a shift between ranges for the maximum germination percentage. This pattern could be due to human-mediated introduction of black locust.
Bouteiller, X P ; BIOGECO, INRAE, Univ. Bordeaux, Cestas, France
Moret, F; BIOGECO, INRAE, Univ. Bordeaux, Cestas, France
Ségura, R; BIOGECO, INRAE, Univ. Bordeaux, Cestas, France
Klisz, M; Department of Silviculture and Genetics, Forest Research Institute, Raszyn, Poland
Martinik, A; Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
Monty, Arnaud ; Université de Liège - ULiège > TERRA Research Centre > Biodiversité et Paysage
Pino, J; Centre for Ecological Research and Forestry Applications (CREAF), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
van Loo, M; Department of Forest Growth, Silviculture and Genetics, Research Centre for Forests (BFW), Vienna, Austria
Wojda, T; Department of Silviculture and Genetics, Forest Research Institute, Raszyn, Poland
Porté, A J; BIOGECO, INRAE, Univ. Bordeaux, Cestas, France
Mariette, S; BIOGECO, INRAE, Univ. Bordeaux, Cestas, France
Language :
English
Title :
The seeds of invasion: enhanced germination in invasive European populations of black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) compared to native American populations.
We would like to thank all those who helped with sample collection: Dr Gideon Bradburd (Michigan State University) for support in America (XPB fieldwork), Marianne Corréard (INRAE—Avignon, France), Dr Volker Schneck (Thuenen Institute of Forest Genetics), Dr Santiago Gonzalez‐Martinez (INRAE—Bordeaux, France) who helped organise sampling in Spain, and Alexandra Quenu and Sébastien Irola (SMABVC, France) who helped locate black locust populations in Aquitaine, France. We are also grateful to Dr Amy Zanne (George Washington University, USA) for logistical help, Dr Shinichi Nakagawa (University of New South Wales, Australia) for reviewing code for the Bayesian mixed model incorporating genetic distances, and Dr Frédéric Barraquand (University of Bordeaux, France) for help with Bayesian mixed effect models. MK and TW acknowledge support of a grant from the General Directorate of State Forests in Poland (BLP‐386). This study was financially supported by the Forest and Nature Management Research Unit of Gembloux Agro‐BioTech, BioGeCo INRA‐Univ Bordeaux Research Unit, Special Research Fund of the University of Liège, Société Française d’Ecologie, French Agence de l’Eau, ANR‐10‐EQPX‐16 Xyloforest, EU COST Action FP1403 ‘Non‐Native Tree Species for European Forests—Experiences, Risks and Opportunities’ and Transnational Access to Research Infrastructure activity in the 7th Framework Program of the EC under the Trees4Future project (no.284181). Special thanks to Philippe Lejeune for supporting the collaborative project. We also thank Thomas Guillemaud, Gérard Largier, Eric Petit and Leopoldo Sanchez for useful comments on a previous version of this manuscript. Finally, we are very grateful to Niek Scheepens and two anonymous reviewers who significantly contributed to improving the manuscript.We would like to thank all those who helped with sample collection: Dr Gideon Bradburd (Michigan State University) for support in America (XPB fieldwork), Marianne Corre?ard (INRAE?Avignon, France), Dr Volker Schneck (Thuenen Institute of Forest Genetics), Dr Santiago Gonzalez-Martinez (INRAE?Bordeaux, France) who helped organise sampling in Spain, and Alexandra Quenu and Se?bastien Irola (SMABVC, France) who helped locate black locust populations in Aquitaine, France. We are also grateful to Dr Amy Zanne (George Washington University, USA) for logistical help, Dr Shinichi Nakagawa (University of New South Wales, Australia) for reviewing code for the Bayesian mixed model incorporating genetic distances, and Dr Fre?de?ric Barraquand (University of Bordeaux, France) for help with Bayesian mixed effect models. MK and TW acknowledge support of a grant from the General Directorate of State Forests in Poland (BLP-386). This study was financially supported by the Forest and Nature Management Research Unit of Gembloux Agro-BioTech, BioGeCo INRA-Univ Bordeaux Research Unit, Special Research Fund of the University of Li?ge, Socie?te? Fran?aise d?Ecologie, French Agence de l?Eau, ANR-10-EQPX-16 Xyloforest, EU COST Action FP1403 ?Non-Native Tree Species for European Forests?Experiences, Risks and Opportunities? and Transnational Access to Research Infrastructure activity in the 7th Framework Program of the EC under the Trees4Future project (no.284181). Special thanks to Philippe Lejeune for supporting the collaborative project. We also thank Thomas Guillemaud, Ge?rard Largier, Eric Petit and Leopoldo Sanchez for useful comments on a previous version of this manuscript. Finally, we are very grateful to Niek Scheepens and two anonymous reviewers who significantly contributed to improving the manuscript.
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