[en] Kelp forests dominated by Macrocystis pyrifera are widely distributed in coastal waters from boreal, temperate and subantarctic regions. This widespread distribution may result in regional differences in food web structure and functioning. In temperate northern regions, where most studies on kelp forest benthic food webs have been conducted, kelp grazing is a well-documented phenomenon and can lead to the overgrazing of M. pyrifera by sea urchins when their predators (e.g., sea otters) are absent. In contrast, little is known about their counterparts in subantarctic areas. The present study aimed to reconstruct the benthic food web of a kelp forest dominated by M. pyrifera in a subantarctic environment using stable isotope analysis. Stable carbon (δ13C), nitrogen (δ15N) and sulfur (δ34S) isotope ratios were measured from food sources (macrophytobenthos, suspended particulate organic matter SPOM, and sediment) and consumers (sponges, bivalves, gastropods, sedentary and mobile polychaetes, arthropods and echinoderms) which were sampled in a kelp forest of the Kerguelen archipelago. Mixing models highlighted two interconnected trophic pathways which were either supported by SPOM and resuspended macrophytobenthos detritus (bentho-pelagic), or by live micro/macrophytobenthos (phytobenthos-based). No major prey were highlighted for several consumers, indicating the existence of potential supplementary trophic pathways. No consumer relying primarily on living M. pyrifera was highlighted by the mixing models. The investigated kelp forest is hence a complex ecosystem supporting multiple trophic pathways, and direct consumption of M. pyrifera is limited. Nonetheless, M. pyrifera and other macrophytobenthos species may constitute a pool of detritus supporting several trophic pathways.
Le Bourg, Baptiste ; Laboratory of Oceanology, Freshwater, and Oceanic Sciences Unit of reSearch (FOCUS), University of Liège, Liège, Belgium ; Aix-Marseille Université and Université de Toulon, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (MIO), CNRS/INSU, IRD, UM 110, Campus universitaire de Luminy, case 901, Marseille, France
Saucède, Thomas; Biogéosciences, UMR 6282 CNRS, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
Charpentier, Anouk; Laboratory of Oceanology, Freshwater, and Oceanic Sciences Unit of reSearch (FOCUS), University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
Lepoint, Gilles ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Freshwater and OCeanic science Unit of reSearch (FOCUS)
Michel, Loïc ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de Biologie, Ecologie et Evolution > Laboratoire d'Ecologie trophique et isotopique ; Ifremer, Centre de Bretagne, REM/EEP, Laboratoire Environnement Profond, Plouzané, France
Language :
English
Title :
What is the menu today in a subantarctic kelp food web from the Kerguelen Islands? Phytodetritus, phytoplankton and phytobenthos; not living kelp
Publication date :
September 2022
Journal title :
Marine Biology
ISSN :
0025-3162
eISSN :
1432-1793
Publisher :
Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
Effects of global change on the marine benthos and habitats in Kerguelen Islands (PROTEKER) Refugia and Ecosystem Tolerance in the Southern Ocean (RECTO project)
Funders :
BELSPO - Politique scientifique fédérale [BE] IPEV - French Polar Institute Paul Émile Victor [FR]
Funding number :
BR/132/A1/vERSO; BR/154/A1/RECTO
Funding text :
This research was funded by the Belgian Science Policy Office (BELSPO) as part of the vERSO and RECTO projects (www.rectoversoprojects.be ; contract nr. BR/132/A1/vERSO and BR/154/A1/RECTO). BLB received a PhD scholarship from the Belgian Fund for Research Training in Industry and Agriculture (FRIA). GL is a Senior Research Associate at the Belgian Fund for Scientific Research (FRS-FNRS). This is MARE paper No. 407. This is a contribution to project PROTEKER (No. 1044) of the French Polar Institute and LTSER Zone ATelier Antarctique (ZATA, France). We thank the anonymous referees for their helpful comments.This research was funded by the Belgian Science Policy Office (BELSPO) as part of the vERSO and RECTO projects ( www.rectoversoprojects.be ; contract nr. BR/132/A1/vERSO and BR/154/A1/RECTO). BLB received a PhD scholarship from the Belgian Fund for Research Training in Industry and Agriculture (FRIA). GL is a Senior Research Associate at the Belgian Fund for Scientific Research (FRS-FNRS). This is MARE paper No. 407. This is a contribution to project PROTEKER (No. 1044) of the French Polar Institute and LTSER Zone ATelier Antarctique (ZATA, France). We thank the anonymous referees for their helpful comments.
The raw data underlying this article are freely available at the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF, https:// www. gbif. org/ datas et/ 28120 c52- 2b34- 4db4- b348- 812ee 1eaf9
58). Data from sea stars are also part of the dataset “Stable isotope ratios of C, N, and S in Southern Ocean sea stars (1985–2017)” available at https:// doi. org/ 10. 15468/ p8gcpe (data subset: expedition
PROTEKER-2016).
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