Data set; Dust storm; ExoMars; Hydrogen chloride; Summer season; Trace gas; Vertical distributions; Water ice; Geophysics; Earth and Planetary Sciences (all); General Earth and Planetary Sciences
Abstract :
[en] Hydrogen chloride (HCl) was recently discovered in the atmosphere of Mars by two spectrometers onboard the ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter. The reported detection made in Martian Year 34 was transient, present several months after the global dust storm during the southern summer season. Here, we present the full data set of vertically resolved HCl detections obtained by the NOMAD instrument, which covers also Martian year 35. We show that the particular increase of HCl abundances in the southern summer season is annually repeated, and that the formation of HCl is independent from a global dust storm event. We also find that the vertical distribution of HCl is strikingly similar to that of water vapor, which suggests that the uptake by water ice clouds plays an important role. The observed rapid decrease of HCl abundances at the end of the southern summer would require a strong sink independent of photochemical loss.
Disciplines :
Space science, astronomy & astrophysics
Author, co-author :
Aoki, Shohei ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophysique, géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Labo de physique atmosphérique et planétaire (LPAP)
Daerden, F. ; Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy, Brussels, Belgium
Viscardy, S. ; Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy, Brussels, Belgium
Thomas, I.R. ; Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy, Brussels, Belgium
Erwin, J.T. ; Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy, Brussels, Belgium
Robert, S. ; Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy, Brussels, Belgium ; Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgium
Trompet, L. ; Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy, Brussels, Belgium
Neary, L. ; Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy, Brussels, Belgium
Villanueva, G.L. ; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, United States
Liuzzi, G. ; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, United States ; Department of Physics, College of Arts and Sciences, American University, United States
Crismani, M.M.J. ; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, United States ; California State University, San Bernardino, United States
Clancy, R.T. ; Space Science Institute, Boulder, United States
Whiteway, J. ; Centre for Research in Earth and Space Science, York University, Toronto, Canada
Schmidt, F. ; Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, GEOPS, Orsay, France
Lopez-Valverde, M.A. ; Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucia, Glorieta de la Astronomia, Granada, Spain
Ristic, B. ; Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy, Brussels, Belgium
Patel, M.R. ; School of Physical Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes, United Kingdom ; Space Science and Technology Department, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, United Kingdom
Bellucci, G. ; Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali, Roma, Italy
Lopez-Moreno, J.-J. ; Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucia, Glorieta de la Astronomia, Granada, Spain
Olsen, K.S. ; Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
Lefèvre, F. ; Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS/CNRS), Paris, France
Montmessin, F. ; Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS/CNRS), Paris, France
Trokhimovskiy, A. ; Space Research Institute (IKI), Moscow, Russian Federation
Fedorova, A.A. ; Space Research Institute (IKI), Moscow, Russian Federation
Korablev, O. ; Space Research Institute (IKI), Moscow, Russian Federation
Vandaele, A.C. ; Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy, Brussels, Belgium
BELSPO - Belgian Science Policy Office [BE] ESA - European Space Agency [FR] MICINN - Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion [ES] UK Space Agency [GB] ASI - Agenzia Spaziale Italiana [IT] Hill Holliday - Hill, Holliday, Connors, Cosmopulos [US-MA] [US-MA] Waterbird Society [US-WI] [US-WI] MICINN - Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion [ES] F.R.S.-FNRS - Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique [BE] NASA - National Aeronautics and Space Administration [US-DC] [US-DC] CNES - Centre National d'Études Spatiales [FR]
Funding text :
ExoMars is a space mission of the European Space Agency and Roscosmos. The NOMAD experiment is led by the Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy (IASB‐ BIRA), assisted by Co‐PI teams from Spain (IAA‐CSIC), Italy (INAF‐IAPS), and the United Kingdom (Open University). This project acknowledges funding by the Belgian Science Policy Office, with the financial and contractual coordination by the European Space Agency Prodex Office (PEA 4000103401 and 4000121493), by the Spanish MICINN through its Plan Nacional and by European funds under grants PGC2018‐101836‐B‐I00 and ESP2017‐87143‐R (MINECO/FEDER), as well as by UK Space Agency through grants ST/V002295/1, ST/V005332/1 ST/S00145X/1 ST/S00145X/1 and ST/T002069/1, and Italian Space Agency through grant 2018‐2‐HH.0. This work was supported by NASA's Mars Program Office under WBS 604796, “Participation in the TGO/NOMAD Investigation of Trace Gases on Mars." The IAA/CSIC team acknowledges financial support from the State Agency for Research of the Spanish MCIU through the “Center of Excellence Severo Ochoa” award for the Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (SEV‐2017‐0709). This work was supported by the Belgian Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique‐FNRS under grant numbers 30442502 (ET_HOME) and T.0171.16 (CRAMIC) and Belgian Science Policy Office BrainBe SCOOP and MICROBE Projects. S. A. is “Chargé de Recherches” at the F.R.S.‐FNRS. U.S. investigators were supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. We acknowledge support from the Institut National des Sciences de l'Univers” (INSU), the "Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique" (CNRS) and "Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales" (CNES) through the “Programme National de Planetologie”.ExoMars is a space mission of the European Space Agency and Roscosmos. The NOMAD experiment is led by the Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy (IASB- BIRA), assisted by Co-PI teams from Spain (IAA-CSIC), Italy (INAF-IAPS), and the United Kingdom (Open University). This project acknowledges funding by the Belgian Science Policy Office, with the financial and contractual coordination by the European Space Agency Prodex Office (PEA 4000103401 and 4000121493), by the Spanish MICINN through its Plan Nacional and by European funds under grants PGC2018-101836-B-I00 and ESP2017-87143-R (MINECO/FEDER), as well as by UK Space Agency through grants ST/V002295/1, ST/V005332/1 ST/S00145X/1 ST/S00145X/1 and ST/T002069/1, and Italian Space Agency through grant 2018-2-HH.0. This work was supported by NASA's Mars Program Office under WBS 604796, ?Participation in the TGO/NOMAD Investigation of Trace Gases on Mars." The IAA/CSIC team acknowledges financial support from the State Agency for Research of the Spanish MCIU through the ?Center of Excellence Severo Ochoa? award for the Instituto de Astrof?sica de Andaluc?a (SEV-2017-0709). This work was supported by the Belgian Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique-FNRS under grant numbers 30442502 (ET_HOME) and T.0171.16 (CRAMIC) and Belgian Science Policy Office BrainBe SCOOP and MICROBE Projects. S. A. is ?Charg? de Recherches? at the F.R.S.-FNRS. U.S. investigators were supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. We acknowledge support from the Institut National des Sciences de l'Univers? (INSU), the "Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique" (CNRS) and "Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales" (CNES) through the ?Programme National de Planetologie?.
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