[en] Introduction: Half a century since the creation of the International Association of Bryologists, we carried out a review to identify outstanding challenges and future perspectives in bryology. Specifically, we have identified 50 fundamental questions that are critical in advancing the discipline. Methods: We have adapted a deep-rooted methodology of horizon scanning to identify key research foci. An initial pool of 258 questions was prepared by a multidisciplinary and international working group of 32 bryologists. A series of online surveys completed by a broader community of researchers in bryology, followed by quality-control steps implemented by the working group, were used to create a list of top-priority questions. This final list was restricted to 50 questions with a broad conceptual scope and answerable through realistic research approaches. Key results: The top list of 50 fundamental questions was organised into four general topics: Bryophyte Biodiversity and Biogeography; Bryophyte Ecology, Physiology and Reproductive Biology; Bryophyte Conservation and Management; and Bryophyte Evolution and Systematics. These topics included 9, 19, 14 and 8 questions, respectively. Conclusions: Although many of the research challenges identified are not newly conceived, our horizon-scanning exercise has established a significant foundation for future bryological research. We suggest analytical and conceptual strategies and novel developments for potential use in advancing the research agenda for bryology.
Patiño, Jairo ; Island Ecology and Evolution Research Group, Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología–Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPNA-CSIC), Tenerife, Spain ; Department of Botany, Ecology and Plant Physiology, University of La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
Bisang, Irene ; Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden
Goffinet, Bernard ; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, United States
Hedenäs, Lars ; Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden
McDaniel, Stuart ; Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States
Pressel, Silvia ; Life Sciences Department, The Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom
Stech, Michael ; Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, Netherlands ; Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
Ah-Peng, Claudine; UMR PVBMT, Université de La Réunion, Saint-Pierre, France
Bergamini, Ariel ; WSL Swiss Federal Research Institute, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
Caners, Richard T. ; Royal Alberta Museum, Edmonton, Canada
Christine Cargill, D. ; Australian National Herbarium, Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research, Canberra, Australia
Cronberg, Nils ; Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
Duckett, Jeffrey ; Life Sciences Department, The Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom
Eppley, Sarah ; Center for Life in Extreme Environments, Portland State University, Portland, United States
Fenton, Nicole J. ; Forest Research Institute, Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Canada
Fisher, Kirsten ; Biological Sciences, California State University, Los Angeles, United States
González-Mancebo, Juana; Department of Botany, Ecology and Plant Physiology, University of La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
Hasebe, Mitsuyasu ; National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Japan
Heinrichs, Jochen
Hylander, Kristoffer ; Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
Ignatov, Michael S. ; Tsitsin Main Botanical Garden of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation ; Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
Martínez-Abaigar, Javier ; Faculty of Science and Technology, University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
Medina, Nagore G. ; Departamento de Biología (Botánica), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain ; Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global, Madrid, Spain
Medina, Rafael ; Department of Biodiversity, Ecology, and Evolution, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
Quandt, Dietmar; Nees-Institut für Biodiversität der Pflanzen, Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, Rheinische, Germany
Rensing, Stefan A. ; University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
Renzaglia, Karen; Department of Plant Biology, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, United States
Renner, Matthew; Royal Botanic Garden and Domain Trust, Sydney, Australia
Ros, Rosa M. ; Department of Plant Biology (Botany), University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
MICINN - Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion [ES] FBBVA - Fundación BBVA [ES] NSF - National Science Foundation [US-VA] [US-VA] ERDF - European Regional Development Fund [BE]
Funding number :
Ramón y Cajal Program (RYC-2016-20506)
Funding text :
J. Patiño was funded by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICINN) through the Ramón y Cajal Program (RYC-2016-20506) and supported by the Fundación BBVA project (PR19_ECO_0046) and the MICINN project (PID2019-110538GA-I00). S. McDaniel was supported by grants from the NSF (DEB 1542609, 1541005, 1541506). J. Martínez-Abaigar was supported by the grant PGC2018-093824-B-C42, funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by the European Regional Development Fund. B. Goffinet was supported by NSF grant DEB-1753811. The ‘50 fundamental questions in bryology’ working group is grateful to all persons who contributed their time to participate in the different rounds of voting and the proposal of questions that ultimately made this paper possible. We also thank S. Robbert Gradstein, Guido van Reenen, Jan-Peter Frahm, Gaik Ee Lee and Mereia Tabua for allowing us to reproduce his photographs. We finally thank Neil Bell and two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments on an earlier version of the manuscript.
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