acoustic; cusk-eel; gonads; ophidiiform; sonic muscles; Anatomy; Histology; Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics; Molecular Biology; Developmental Biology; Cell Biology
Abstract :
[en] This study investigates the sounds and the anatomy of the sound-producing organ in the male and female sand-dwelling cusk-eel Parophidion vassali. Although both sexes have similar external phenotype, they can be distinguished by their sonic apparatus and sounds. As in many Ophioidei, Parophidion vassali presents a panel of highly derived characters. Fish possess three pairs of sonic muscles, and males have mineralized swimbladder caps on which inserts the ventral sonic muscle, a neural arch that pivots, a stretchable swimbladder fenestra, an osseous swimbladder plate and a rounded pressure-release membrane in the caudal swimbladder. Females, however, do not possess anterior swimbladder caps, a swimbladder fenestra and the caudal rounded membrane. Males possess the unusual ability to produce sounds starting with a set of low amplitude pulses followed by a second set with higher amplitudes clearly dividing each sound unit into two parts. Females do not vary their sound amplitude in this way: they produce shorter sounds and pulse periods but with a higher peak frequency. Morphology and sound features support the sound-producing mechanism is based on a rebound system (i.e. quick backward snap of the anterior swimbladder). Based on features of the sounds from tank recordings, we have putatively identified the sound of male Parophidion vassali at sea. As these species are ecologically cryptic, we hope this work will allow assessment and clarify the distribution of their populations.
Disciplines :
Zoology
Author, co-author :
Parmentier, Eric ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Freshwater and OCeanic science Unit of reSearch (FOCUS) ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de Biologie, Ecologie et Evolution > Morphologie fonctionnelle et évolutive
Gaëlle, Stainier; Laboratory of Functional and Evolutionary Morphology, AFFISH-RC, UR FOCUS, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
Renaud, Boistel; Laboratory Mecadev, Department of AViV, UMR7179 CNRS/MNHN, National Museum of Natural History
Fine, Michael L; Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
Loïc, Kéver; Laboratory of Functional and Evolutionary Morphology, AFFISH-RC, UR FOCUS, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium ; Laboratory Mecadev, Department of AViV, UMR7179 CNRS/MNHN, National Museum of Natural History
Lucia, Di Iorio; Chorus Institute, Grenoble, France ; Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, CNRS, Centre de Formation et de Recherche sur les Environnements Méditerranéens, UMR, Perpignan, France
Marta, Bolgan; Laboratory of Functional and Evolutionary Morphology, AFFISH-RC, UR FOCUS, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
Language :
English
Title :
Sound production and mechanism in the cryptic cusk-eel Parophidion vassali.
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