Adult; Cohort Studies; Female; Hallucinations/diagnosis; Hallucinations/epidemiology; Hallucinations/psychology; Humans; Male; Mental Disorders/diagnosis; Mental Disorders/epidemiology; Mental Disorders/psychology; Middle Aged; Patient Acceptance of Health Care/psychology; Psychotic Disorders/diagnosis; Psychotic Disorders/epidemiology; Psychotic Disorders/psychology; Young Adult; Hallucinations; Mental Disorders; Patient Acceptance of Health Care; Psychotic Disorders; Psychiatry and Mental Health; Biological Psychiatry
Abstract :
[en] Few studies have compared the content and appraisal of hallucinatory experiences (HE) by people with psychosis and those without. This study compared the characteristics of HE, and their appraisals, in individuals with psychotic disorder, non-psychotic mental disorder and no disorder in the general population. Participants (n = 253) aged between 30-33 years who reported HE were recruited from a birth cohort and assessed for lifetime diagnoses of mental disorders. They were allocated to groups based on their diagnosis and their HE were rated to assess their form, content and associated appraisals. Compared to those with no mental disorder, participants with a psychotic disorder had almost twelve times the odds of appraising their HE as distressing and dangerous and nine times the odds of experiencing recurrent HE. Those with a non-psychotic disorder had more than twice the odds of recurrent HE compared to those with no disorder. Overall, HE showed more similarities than differences across the diagnostic groups. Negative appraisals of HE and their recurrence differentiated clinical from non-clinical populations. Screening for HE and assessment of their associated appraisals is essential in those seeking care for mental health difficulties. Interventions aimed at modifying maladaptive appraisals can assist in reducing hallucination related distress.
Disciplines :
Neurosciences & behavior
Author, co-author :
Connell, Melissa ; The University of Queensland, Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, Queensland 4029, Australia, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Queensland 4029, Australia. Electronic address: melissa.connell@uq.edu.au
Scott, James G ; The University of Queensland, Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, Queensland 4029, Australia, Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, The Park Centre for Mental Health, Wacol, Queensland 4076, Australia, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Queensland 4029, Australia
McGrath, John J; Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4076, Australia, Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, The Park Centre for Mental Health, Wacol, Queensland 4076, Australia
Waters, Flavie; Clinical Research Center, Graylands Hospital, Perth, Australia, School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth 6019, Australia
Laroi, Frank ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de Psychologie
Alati, Rosa; School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland 4029, Australia
Najman, Jake; School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland 4029, Australia
Betts, Kim; School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland 4029, Australia
Language :
English
Title :
A comparison of hallucinatory experiences and their appraisals in those with and without mental illness.
The MUSP is funded by the National Health and Medical Research Council. JGS is supported by a National Health and Medical Research Council Practitioner Fellowship (grant APP1105807). The funding sources had no roles in study design, data collection, data analysis, data interpretation or writing of the report.
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