auditory perception; cognitive processes; hallucinations; language; memory; open materials; preregistered; Auditory Perception; Humans; Reproducibility of Results; Cognition; Hallucinations; Psychology (all); General Psychology
Abstract :
[en] Hallucinatory experiences can occur in both clinical and nonclinical groups. However, in previous studies of the general population, investigations of the cognitive mechanisms underlying hallucinatory experiences have yielded inconsistent results. We ran a large-scale preregistered multisite study, in which general-population participants (N = 1,394 across 11 data-collection sites and online) completed assessments of hallucinatory experiences, a measure of adverse childhood experiences, and four tasks: source memory, dichotic listening, backward digit span, and auditory signal detection. We found that hallucinatory experiences were associated with a higher false-alarm rate on the signal detection task and a greater number of reported adverse childhood experiences but not with any of the other cognitive measures employed. These findings are an important step in improving reproducibility in hallucinations research and suggest that the replicability of some findings regarding cognition in clinical samples needs to be investigated.
Disciplines :
Neurosciences & behavior
Author, co-author :
Moseley, Peter ; Department of Psychology, Northumbria University
Aleman, André; Department of Clinical and Developmental Neuropsychology, University of Groningen ; Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells & Systems, University Medical Center, University of Groningen
Allen, Paul; Department of Psychology, University of Roehampton ; Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London
Bell, Vaughan ; Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London
Bless, Josef; Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen
Bortolon, Catherine; Laboratoire Inter-Universitaire de Psychologie, Université Grenoble Alpes
Cella, Matteo; Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London ; South London & Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Maudsley Hospital, London, England
Garrison, Jane; Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge
Hugdahl, Kenneth; Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen ; Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
Kozáková, Eva; Department of Applied Neurosciences and Brain Imaging, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic ; Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Charles University
Laroi, Frank ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Psychologie et Neuroscience Cognitives (PsyNCog) ; Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen ; NORMENT-Norwegian Center of Excellence for Mental Disorders Research, University of Oslo
Moffatt, Jamie; School of Psychology, University of Sussex
Say, Nicolas; Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Charles University
Smailes, David; Department of Psychology, Northumbria University
Suzuki, Mimi; Division of Psychiatry, University College London
Toh, Wei Lin; Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Lab, Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University of Technology
Woodward, Todd; Department of Psychiatry, The University of British Columbia ; BC Mental Health and Substance Use Services, Provincial Health Services Authority, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
Zaytseva, Yuliya; Department of Applied Neurosciences and Brain Imaging, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic ; Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University
Rossell, Susan; Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Lab, Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University of Technology ; Department of Psychiatry, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
Fernyhough, Charles; Department of Psychology, Durham University
We thank Stephen Moss, Marie Polaskova, Aderinsola Adebowale, and Candela Donantueno for assisting with data collection and Ben Alderson-Day for help in conceptualizing the study.
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