Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) hosts several widespread bradyrhizobial root nodule symbionts across contrasting agro-ecological production areas in Kenya.
Ndungu, Samuel Mathu; Messmer, Monika M; Ziegler, Dominiket al.
2018 • In Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 261, p. 161-171
Agro-ecology; Bradyrhizobium distribution; Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp); MALDI-TOF MS; Ecology; Animal Science and Zoology; Agronomy and Crop Science
Abstract :
[en] Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) is an important African food legume suitable for dry regions. It is the main legume in two contrasting agro-ecological regions of Kenya as an important component of crop rotations because of its relative tolerance to unpredictable drought events. This study was carried out in an effort to establish a collection of bacterial root nodule symbionts and determine their relationship to physicochemical soil parameters as well as any geographical distributional patterns. Bradyrhizobium spp. were found to be widespread in this study and several different types could be identified at each site. Unique but rare symbionts were recovered from the nodules of plants sampled in a drier in-land region, where there were also overall more different bradyrhizobia found. Plants raised in soil from uncultivated sites with a natural vegetation cover tended to also associate with more different bradyrizobia. The occurrence and abundance of different bradyrhizobia correlated with differences in soil texture and pH, but did neither with the agro-ecological origin, nor the origin from cultivated (n = 15) or uncultivated (n = 5) sites. The analytical method, protein profiling of isolated strains by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), provided higher resolution than 16S rRNA gene sequencing and was applied in this study for the first time to isolates recovered directly from field-collected cowpea root nodules. The method thus seems suitable for screening isolate collections on the presence of different groups, which, provided an appropriate reference database, can also be assigned to known species.
Disciplines :
Agriculture & agronomy
Author, co-author :
Ndungu, Samuel Mathu; Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich Plant Nutrition group Eschikon 33, CH-8315 Lindau, Switzerland ; International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), c/o ICIPE Campus, P.O. Box 30772-00100 Nairobi, Kenya ; Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FiBL), Ackerstrasse 113, CH-5070 Frick, Switzerland
Messmer, Monika M; Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FiBL), Ackerstrasse 113, CH-5070 Frick, Switzerland
Gamper, Hannes A; Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich Plant Nutrition group Eschikon 33, CH-8315 Lindau, Switzerland
Mészáros, Éva; Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich Plant Nutrition group Eschikon 33, CH-8315 Lindau, Switzerland
Thuita, Moses; International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), c/o ICIPE Campus, P.O. Box 30772-00100 Nairobi, Kenya
Vanlauwe, Bernard; International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), c/o ICIPE Campus, P.O. Box 30772-00100 Nairobi, Kenya
Frossard, Emmanuel; Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich Plant Nutrition group Eschikon 33, CH-8315 Lindau, Switzerland
Thonar, Cécile ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Agronomie, Bio-ingénierie et Chimie (AgroBioChem) > Plant Sciences ; Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FiBL), Ackerstrasse 113, CH-5070 Frick, Switzerland
Language :
English
Title :
Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) hosts several widespread bradyrhizobial root nodule symbionts across contrasting agro-ecological production areas in Kenya.
The authors thank Silas Kiragu and Morris Dzuya for technical support during site selection and sampling and the farmers in both study areas for allowing us collecting root nodules and soil samples from their fields. The authors acknowledge support by the MEA Ltd. (Nakuru, Kenya) for a sample of Biofix inoculum from which the CBA reference strain had been isolated and Dr. Abidine Traore for cowpea nodules from which comparison strain BK1 was isolated. This project was supported by an ETH Zurich Engineering for Development (E4D) scholarship awarded by the Sawiris Foundation for Social Development. We are grateful to the Genetic Diversity Centre at ETH Zurich for lab support. Valuable input by three reviewers and the editor for improving this paper is also acknowledged.
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