La filière avicole de chair dans les zones périurbaines de Hanoï, Vietnam: situation économique et perspectives

In Vietnam, the economic growth in recent years, has brought a strong demand for animal products consumption, particularly poultry meat. This research aims to better understand how the factors in the meat-producing poultry sector adapt to current economic conditions in Hanoi suburbs by analyzing agricultural product chains. These studies have conducted two surveys from October 2008 to November 2010. As results, three meat-producing poultry systems have been identified. The industrial farms with contract farming have obtained the most important net income (from 28,923,000 VND per farm per year for colored chickens to 67,341,000 VND for standard chickens). The productivity is also very high. The mortality rate is 5 % for colored and standards chickens. But number of these industrial farms is still limited due to a large capital investment and the limitation of available land. The cost price of broiler production is really competitive compared to other chickens. Meat-producing poultry farms on semi-industrial scale have obtained weak productivity. The mortality rate is 13 % for colored chickens and ducks. Agricultural by-products of the farms are generally used for poultry. The net income has varied from 14,279,000 VND per farm per year with colored chickens to 25,424,000 VND with standard chickens. Backyard poultry farms are widely practiced in household farms with low investment. The productivity is very weak. The mortality rate of chickens is high (19 %). The net income of poultry production is also weak in households (4,432,000 VND per farm per year, or equivalent to 9 % of net income in farms). Majority surveyed farms raised various species of chickens and ducks. This is to permit a better risk management and responds to varied market demand according different consumer tastes. Poultry meat production also aims to satisfy a significant share of the demand for self-consumption with chickens and ducks in small households.