Towards Low-Cost IoT and LPWAN-Based Flood Forecast and Monitoring System

Recent floods, have shown that classical monitoring system of rivers are no longer suitable because other phenomena such insufficient capacity and / or obstruction of the drainage networks, modification of cropping practices and rotations, increase in the size of plots linked to land consolidation, urbanization of flood-prone areas, etc. The combination of all these causes, to which is added the modification of water regimes, implies an increase in the risk of flooding and an adapted monitoring which is no longer limited to rivers to warn early of the risk of flooding by runoff. The Internet of Things and the availability of low-rate, long-range, low-speed, microcontroller and sensors and low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) allow much more advanced surveillance systems to be implemented.