Cultural tourism; Constantine; Algeria; Heritage; Local development
Abstract :
[en] Since the nineties, cultural tourism is considered as a form of tourism that is carried out by groups of people or institutions, whose main motive is the fulfillment of an interest and knowledge on the culture, the history and the heritage. The city of Constantine, located in northeastern Algeria, is one of the oldest cities in the Mediterranean basin. It was elected "Capital of Arab Culture 2015". The aim of this study is to examine the influences of cultural tourism on local development, to highlight the perception of local actors' roles in the development of tourism and to determine their involvement in the preservation of Constantine's cultural heritage. The paper points out a misunderstanding of cultural tourism among local residents hence the need to develop a model of categorization of the objectives of the study (SPIP) which proposes four key principles for the development of local cultural tourism in the city of Constantine.
Research Center/Unit :
Laplec Lepur : Centre de Recherche sur la Ville, le Territoire et le Milieu rural - ULiège
Disciplines :
Human geography & demography
Author, co-author :
Boulhila, Sabrina; Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumediene
Alouat, Mohamed; École Normale Supérieure de Bouzereah
Rezzaz, Mohamed A.; Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumediene
Schmitz, Serge ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de géographie > Service de géographie rurale (LAPLEC)
Language :
English
Title :
Towards a development model of local cultural tourism through the involvement of local actors (Province of Constantine, Algeria)
Airey, D. (2008). La vie d'éducation touristique commence à 40 ans. Téoros. Revue de recherche en tourisme [Tourism education life begins at 40 Teoros]. Journal of Tourism Research Téoros, 27 (27-1), 27-32. http://journals.openedition.org/teoros/1617
Ali, A., & Frew, A.J. (2014). ICT for sustainable tourism: a challenging relationship? Inf Technol Tourism 14, 261–264. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40558-014-0020
Alouat, M. (2019). Mobilising Women’s Participation in Urban Development in the Southern Mediterranean. Case Study of Algiers Metropolitan Area. In Mediterranean Mobilities, 197-205, Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89632-8_16
Alloui-Ami Moussa, L.S. (2021). The putting territories into tourism, a tourism diagnosis tool case of the wilaya of Algiers. Geojournal of Tourism and Geosites, 35(2), 456–463. https://doi.org/10.30892/gtg.35225-672
Alves, D.S. (2018). Participation et tourisme: quelle place pour la population? Une étude exploratoire d'initiatives participatives au Brésil [Participation and tourism: what place for the population? an exploratory study of participatory initiatives in Brazil] . Doctoral Dissertation, University of Paul Vlery, MontpelierIII. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01893860
Astina, I.K., Sumarmi, & Kurniawati, E. (2021). Tourism in Coastal Areas: Its Implication to Improve Economic and Culture Acculturation (Case Study in Goa China Beach, Malang). GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites, 37(3), 740-746. https://doi.org/10.30892/gtg.37302-704
Baouali, R., Baziz, A., & Hadjiedj, A. (2019). Comparative Competitiveness Indicators, Which Ranking For The Algerian Tourism ? Geojournal of Tourism and Geosites, 24 (1), 133–145. https://doi.org/10.30892/gtg.24111-348
Belkhiri, A. (2018). Étude du rôle des acteurs locaux dans le développement du tourisme local. Cas de la ville de Bejaia Algérie. [Study of the role of local actors in the development of local tourism. Case of the city of Bejaia Algeria] Journal of Economics, Management and Commercial Sciences, 11(02), 507-519 https://www.asjp.cerist.dz/en/article/72452
Brohman, J. (1996). New directions in tourism for third world development. Annals of Tourism Research, 23(1), 48-70. https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(95)00043-7
Cappucci, M. (2016). Indigenous tourism in the Amazon region of Suriname: actions to preserve authenticity and natural resources. GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites, 17(1), 47-56. http://gtg.webhost.uoradea.ro/PDF/GTG-1-2016/193_Cappucci.pdf
Cárdenas-García, P.J., Sánchez-Rivero, M., & Pulido-Fernández, J.I. (2015). Does tourism growth influence economic development? Journal of travel Research, 54(2), 206-221. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287513514297
Cooke, P.N., & Lazzeretti, L. (2008). Creative cities, cultural clusters and local economic development. Edward Elgar Publishing, Eds.
Cole, S. (2006). Cultural tourism, community participation and empowerment. In Cultural tourism in a changing world, 89-103, Publications Channel View. https://doi.org/10.21832/9781845410452-008
Cousin, S. (2008). L’Unesco et la doctrine du tourisme culturel [UNESCO and the Doctrine of Cultural Tourism]. Civilisations, 57(1), 41-56. https://doi.org/10.4000/civilisations.1541
Čorak, S., & Živoder, S.B. (2017). Tourism destination and DMO transformation. In Evolution of destination planning and strategy, 99-118, Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-42246-6_6
Drouin, M. (2004). La sauvegarde d'un patrimoine urbain et la formulation d'une identité (Montréal, 1973-2003) [The preservation of an urban heritage and the formulation of an identity (Montreal, 1973-2003] Doctoral dissertation, Université of Québec, Canada.
Du Cros, H., & McKercher, B. (2014). Cultural tourism. 1-10, Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203790601
Ernawati, N.M., Sanders, D., & Dowling, R. (2017). Host–guest orientations of community‐based tourism products: A case study in Bali, Indonesia. International Journal of Tourism Research, 19(3), 367-382. https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.2119
Girard, L.F., & Nijkamp, P. (2009). Cultural tourism and sustainable local development. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd., Eds.
Goodwin, H. (2002). Local community involvement in tourism around national parks: opportunities and constraints. Current Issues in tourism, 5(3-4), 338-360. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500208667928
Grelet, M., & Vivant, E. (2014). La régénération d’un territoire en crise par la culture: une idéologie mise à l’épreuve. [The regeneration of a territory in crisis through culture: an ideology put to the test]. Belgeo. Revue belge de géographie, (1). http://belgeo.revues.org/12803
Grenier, E. (2007). Quelle est la «bonne» formule de l’écart-type? [What is the "right" formula for standard deviation?]. Revue Modulad, 102(37).
Gretzel, U., & Stankov, U. (2021). TIC et bien-être: défis et opportunités pour le tourisme. [ ICT and well-being: challenges and opportunities for tourism]. Inf Technol Tourism 23, 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40558-021-00198-2
Hanai, F.Y., & Espíndola, E.L.G. (2011). Programa de Sensibilização Sustentável do Turismo: uma proposta para envolvimento e participação de comunidades locais [Sustainable Tourism Sensitization: a program to engage and promote the participation of local communities] Revista Turismo em Análise, 22(1), 4-24. https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.1984-4867.v22i1p4-24
Janssen, J., Luiten, E., Renes, H., & Stegmeijer, E. (2017). Le patrimoine comme secteur, facteur et vecteur: conceptualiser la relation changeante entre gestion du patrimoine et aménagement du territoire. [Heritage as sector, factor and vector: conceptualising the changing relationship between heritage management and spatial planning] Études d'urbanisme européen, 25 (9), 1654-1672. https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2017.1329410
Kadri, B. (2021). Vocabulary of tourism discourse with the help of Marie De La Place, Alain A. Grenier and Yann.R.
Kelfaoui, A., Rezzaz, A.M., & Kherrour, L. (2021). Revitalization of mountain rural tourism as a tool for sustainable local development in Kabylie (Algeria). The case of Yakouren municipality. GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites, 34(1), 112-125. https://doi.org/10.30892/gtg.34115-62
Kherrour, L., Hattab, S., & Rezzaz, M.A. (2020). Archaeological sites and tourism: protection and valorization, case of Timgad (Batna) Algeria, GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites, 28(1), 25-36. https://doi.org/10.30892/gtg.28123-470
Kimbu, A.N., & Ngoasong, M.Z. (2013). Centralised decentralisation of tourism development: A network perspective. Annals of Tourism Research, 40, 235-259. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2012.09.005
Krim, N. (2010). Tables de concertation et préservation du patrimoine, solution porteuse ou chimère? deux cas d’étude, le Vieux-Montréal et le mont Royal [Discussion tables and heritage preservation, a promising solution or a chimera? two case studies, Old Montreal and Mount Royal].
Kodir, A. (2018). Tourism and Development: Land Acquisition, Achievement of Investment and Cultural Change (Case Study Tourism Industry Development in Batu City, Indonesia). GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites, 21 (1), 253–265. https://doi.org/10.30892/gtg.21120-285
Lak, A., Gheitasi, M., & Timothy, D.J. (2020). Urban regeneration through heritage tourism: cultural policies and strategic management. Journal of Tourism and Cultural Change, 18(4), 386-403. https://doi.org/10.1080/14766825.2019.1668002
Lekane Tsobgou, D., & Schmitz, S. (2012). Le tourisme dit «ethnique»: multiples usages d’un concept flou [So-called “ethnic” tourism: multiple uses of a vague concept]. Bulletin de la Société Géographique de Liège, 59, 5-16. http://hdl.handle.net/2268/14323
MacDonald, R., & Jolliffe, L. (2003). Rural Cultural Tourism: Evidence from Canada, 30(2), 307-322. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-7383(02)00061-0
Marlina, Sumarmi, Astina, I.K., & Susilo, S. (2020). Social-Economic Adaptation Strategies of Bajo Mola Fishers in Wakatobi National Park. GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites, 34(1), 14–19. https://doi.org/10.30892/gtg.34102-613
McKercher, B., Ho, P.S., & Du Cros, H. (2004). Attributes of popular cultural attractions in Hong Kong. Annals of tourism research, 31(2), 393-407. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2003.12.008
Morar, C., Grama, V., Stupariu, I.M., Nagy, G., Boros, L., Tiba, Gozner, M., & Szabo-Alexi, S. (2020). Local perspectives over cultural tourism to heritage sites. the case study of oradea fortress (Romania). GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites, 33, 1470-1479. https://doi.org/10.30892/gtg.334spl04-595
Naidja, H. (2017). L’attractivité territoriale des entrées de ville: Entre vecteur de développement local et support de marketing urbain. Cas de l’entrée sud de Constantine-Zouaghi/Ain El Bey [The territorial attractiveness of city entrances: Between a vector of local development and support for urban marketing. Case of the southern entrance to Constantine-Zouaghi / Ain El Bey]. Sciences & Technologie. D, Sciences de la terre, 33-48. http://revue.umc.edu.dz/index.php/d/article/view/2230
Pecqueur, B. (2001). Qualité et développement territorial: l'hypothèse du panier de biens et de services territorialisés. Économie rurale, 261(1), 37-49. https://doi.org/10.3406/ecoru.2001.5217
Perrottet, T. (2002). On the trail of the ancient Roman tourists Route 66 A.D., 1st ed. New York, Random House, P.15
Petersen, P., & Romano, J.O. (1999). Abordagens participativas para o desenvolvimento local. Assessoria e Serviços a Projetos em Agricultura Alternativa [Participatory approaches to local development. Advice and Services to Projects in Alternative Agriculture]. 144 p.
Prabhakaran, S., Nair, V., & Ramachandran, S. (2014). Community participation in rural tourism: Towards a conceptual framework. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 144, 290-295. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.07.298
Rahal, W., Rezzaz, M.A., & Kherrour, L. (2020). The preservation of world archaeological sites and promotion of tourism: qala 'at bani hammad (M'sila) Algeria. GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites, 33(4spl), 1571–1578. https://doi.org/10.30892/gtg.334spl19-6ze10
Reese, L.A., & Fasenfest, D. (1997). Qu'est-ce qui marche le mieux ? Les valeurs et l'évaluation de la politique de développement économique local. [What works best? The values and evaluation of local economic development policy]. Développement économique trimestriel, 11 (3), 195-207.
Richards, G. (2013). Tourisme culturel. Dans le manuel Routledge d'études sur les loisirs[ Cultural tourism. In the Routledge Handbook of Leisure Studies ], Routledge, 505-514. https://www.academia.edu/3348330/Cultural_Tourism_and_Leisure_Studies
Šćitaroci, M.O., Šćitaroci, B.B.O., & Mrđa, A. (2019). Cultural Urban Heritage: Development, Learning and Landscape Strategies. Eds. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-10612-6
Soualah, A., & Benabbas-kaghouche, S. (2017). L'événementiel: moteur de valorisation du patrimoine et de mise en tourisme? Cas de Constantine Capitale de la culture arabe 2015[Events: a driving force for promoting heritage and promoting tourism? Case of Constantine Capital of Arab Culture 2015]. Sciences & Technologie. D, Sciences de la terre, (45), 17-31. http://revue.umc.edu.dz/index.php/d/article/view/2229/2372
Souiher, K., & Abdessamed Rezzaz, M. (2020). Rehabilitation of infrastructure in urban tourist areas (province of Algiers, Algeria). Loisir et Société/Society and Leisure, 43(3), 393-406.
Thomas, R. (2007). Tourism Partnerships and Small Firms: Power, Participation and Partition. The International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 8(1), 37–43. https://doi.org/10.5367/000000007780007344
Thomas, B.E. (1955). Fortress City of Constantine, Algeria. The Scientific Monthly, 81(3), 130–137. http://www.jstor.org/stable/21967
Timothy, D.J. (2014). Contemporary cultural heritage and tourism: Development issues and emerging trends. Public Archaeology, 13(1-3), 30-47. https://doi.org/10.1179/1465518714Z.000000000052
Violier, P. (2008). Tourisme et développement local. [Tourism and local development] Belin. http://okina.univ-angers.fr/publications/ua16480.
Waridin, & Astawa, I.P. (2021). Shifting Of Land Use In Sustainable Tourism: A Local Cultural Approach In Indonesia. Geojournal of Tourism and Geosites, 35(2), 270–274. https://doi.org/10.30892/gtg.35201-647
Yankholmes, A. (2018). Tourism as an Exercise in Three-Dimensional Power: Evidence from Ghana. Tourism Management Perspectives, 25, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2017.11.001
Zuo, B., Gursoy, D., & Wall, G. (2017). Residents' support for red tourism in China: The moderating effect of the central government. Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, 64(C), 51-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2017.03.001
***FEM (2013.) Forum Économiques Mondial [World Economic Forum, 2013]
***ONS: Office Nationale des Statistiques [National Office of Statistics, (2011). The urban frame RGPH 2008]. The main results of the exhaustive exploitation. National Office of Statistics, Algiers, P. 213.
*** Organisation mondiale du tourisme (2014). Faits saillants OMT du tourisme, édition 2014 [World Tourism Organization (2014), UNWTO Tourism Highlights. Madrid]. https://doi.org/10.18111/9789284416219
***SDATW (2013). Schéma Directeur d’Aménagement Touristique de la wilaya de Constantine [The Master plan for Tourism Development in the wilaya of Constantine, Algeria] (Final edition).
