Sample return; Primitive small body; Comets; P/D type asteroids; Cryogenic
Abstract :
[en] The last thirty years of cosmochemistry and planetary science have shown that one major Solar System reservoir is vastly undersampled in the available suite of extra-terrestrial materials, namely small bodies that formed in the outer Solar System (>10 AU). Because various dynamical evolutionary processes have modified their initial orbits (e.g., giant planet migration, resonances), these objects can be found today across the entire Solar System as P/D near-Earth and main-belt asteroids, Jupiter and Neptune Trojans, comets, Centaurs, and small (diameter < 200 km) trans-Neptunian objects. This reservoir is of tremendous interest, as it is recognized as the least processed since the dawn of the Solar System and thus the closest to the starting materials from which the Solar System formed. Some of the next major breakthroughs in planetary science will come from studying outer Solar System samples (volatiles and refractory constituents) in the laboratory. Yet, this can only be achieved by an L-class mission that directly collects and returns to Earth materials from this reservoir. It is thus not surprising that two White Papers advocating a sample return mission of a primitive Solar System small body (ideally a comet) were submitted to ESA in response to its Voyage 2050 call for ideas for future L-class missions in the 2035-2050 time frame. One of these two White Papers is presented in this article.
Disciplines :
Space science, astronomy & astrophysics
Author, co-author :
Vernazza, P.; Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, CNES, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille, Marseille, France
Beck, P.; Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble, Grenoble, France
Ruesch, O.; Institut für Planetologie, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
Bischoff, A.; Institut für Planetologie, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
Bonal, L.; Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble, Grenoble, France
Brennecka, G.; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in Livermore, Livermore, CA, USA
Brunetto, R.; Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale, Bures-sur-Yvette, France
Busemann, H.; Institute of Geochemistry and Petrology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
Carter, J.; Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, CNES, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille, Marseille, France ; Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale, Bures-sur-Yvette, France ; Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale, Bures-sur-Yvette, France
Carli, C.; Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali, Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Rome, Italy
Cartier, C.; CRPG, CNRS, Université de Lorraine, UMR 7358, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
Ciarniello, M.; Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali, Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Rome, Italy
Debaille, V.; Laboratoire G-Time, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium
Delsanti, A.; Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, CNES, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille, Marseille, France
D'Hendecourt, L.; Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, PIIM, Marseille, France
Füri, E.; CRPG, CNRS, Université de Lorraine, UMR 7358, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
Groussin, O.; Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, CNES, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille, Marseille, France
Guilbert-Lepoutre, A.; LGL-TPE, UMR5276 CNRS/ENS/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
Helbert, J.; Institute for Planetary Research, German Aerospace Center DLR, Berlin, Germany
Hoppe, P.; Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Particle Chemistry Department, Mainz, Germany
Jehin, Emmanuel ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophys., géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Origines Cosmologiques et Astrophysiques (OrCa)
Jorda, L.; Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, CNES, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille, Marseille, France
King, A.; Department of Earth Sciences, The Natural History Museum, London, UK
Kleine, T.; Institut für Planetologie, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
Lamy, P.; Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux et Observations Spatiales, CNRS, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Versailles, France
Lasue, J.; IRAP, Université de Toulouse, CNES, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
Le Guillou, C.; Univ. Lille, CNRS, INRA, ENSCL, Unité Matériaux et Transformations, Lille, France
Leroux, H.; Univ. Lille, CNRS, INRA, ENSCL, Unité Matériaux et Transformations, Lille, France
Leya, I.; Physics Institute, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
Marrocchi, Y.; CRPG, CNRS, Université de Lorraine, UMR 7358, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
Morlok, A.; Institut für Planetologie, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
Mousis, O.; Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, CNES, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille, Marseille, France
Palomba, E.; Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali, Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Rome, Italy
Piani, L.; CRPG, CNRS, Université de Lorraine, UMR 7358, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
Quirico, E.; Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble, Grenoble, France
Remusat, L.; Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Institut de Minéralogie, Physique des Matériaux et Cosmochimie, IMPMC, Paris, France
Roskosz, M.; Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Institut de Minéralogie, Physique des Matériaux et Cosmochimie, IMPMC, Paris, France
Rubin, M.; Physics Institute, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
Russell, S.; Department of Earth Sciences, The Natural History Museum, London, UK
Schönbächler, M.; Institute of Geochemistry and Petrology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
Thomas, N.; Physics Institute, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
Villeneuve, J.; CRPG, CNRS, Université de Lorraine, UMR 7358, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
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Wurz, P.; Physics Institute, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
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