Volatile Organic Compounds Emitted by Aspergillus flavus Strains Producing or Not Aflatoxin B1

[en] Aspergillus flavus is a phytopathogenic fungus able to produce aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), a carcinogenic mycotoxin that can contaminate several crops and food commodities. In A. flavus, two different kinds of strains can co-exist: toxigenic and non-toxigenic strains. Microbial-derived volatile organic compounds (mVOCs) emitted by toxigenic and non-toxigenic strains of A. flavus were analyzed by solid phase microextraction (SPME) coupled with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) in a time-lapse experiment after inoculation. Among the 84 mVOCs emitted, 44 were previously listed in the scientific literature as specific to A. flavus, namely alcohols (2-methylbutan1-ol, 3-methylbutan-1-ol, 2-methylpropan-1-ol), aldehydes (2-methylbutanal, 3-methylbutanal), hydrocarbons (toluene, styrene), furans (2,5-dimethylfuran), esters (ethyl 2-methylpropanoate, ethyl 2-methylbutyrate), and terpenes (epizonaren, trans-caryophyllene, valencene, α-copaene, β-himachalene, γ-cadinene, γ-muurolene, δ-cadinene). For the first time, other identified volatile compounds such as α-cadinol, cis-muurola-3,5-diene, α-isocomene, and β-selinene were identified as new mVOCs specific to the toxigenic A. flavus strain. Partial Least Square Analysis (PLSDA) showed a distinct pattern between mVOCs emitted by toxigenic and non-toxigenic A. flavus strains, mostly linked to the diversity of terpenes emitted by the toxigenic strains. In addition, the comparison between mVOCs of the toxigenic strain and its non-AFB1-producing mutant, coupled with a semiquantification of the mVOCs, revealed a relationship between emitted terpenes (β-chamigrene, αcorocalene) and AFB1 production. This study provides evidence for the first time of mVOCs being linked to the toxigenic character of A. flavus strains, as well as terpenes being able to be correlated to the production of AFB1 due to the study of the mutant. This study could lead to the development of new techniques for the early detection and identification of toxigenic fungi.

Disciplines :

Phytobiology (plant sciences, forestry, mycology...)

Author, co-author :

Josselin, Laurie ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département GxABT > Chimie des agro-biosystèmes

De Clerck, Caroline ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département GxABT > Plant Sciences

De Boever Marthe

Moretti Antonio

Jijakli, Haissam ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département GxABT > Gestion durable des bio-agresseurs

Soyeurt, Hélène ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département GxABT > Modélisation et développement

Fauconnier, Marie-Laure ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département GxABT > Chimie des agro-biosystèmes

Language :

English

Title :

Volatile Organic Compounds Emitted by Aspergillus flavus Strains Producing or Not Aflatoxin B1

Publication date :

2021

Journal title :

Toxins

eISSN :

2072-6651

Publisher :

MDPI AG, Switzerland

Peer reviewed :

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Available on ORBi :

since 15 October 2021

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