Multi-facets of neutrophil extracellular trap in infectious diseases: Moving beyond immunity

[en] Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are networks of extracellular chromosomal DNA fibers, histones, and cytoplasmic granule proteins. The release of NET components from neutrophils is involved in the suppression of pathogen diffusion. Development of NETs around target microbes leads to disruption of the cell membrane, eventuating in kind of cell death that is called as NETosis. The very first step in the process of NETosis is activation of Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase upon signaling by innate immune receptors. Afterwards, produced Reactive oxygen species (ROS) trigger protein-arginine deiminase type 4, neutrophil elastase, and myeloperoxidase to generate decondensed chromatin and disrupted integrity of nuclear membrane. Subsequently, decondensed chromatin is mixed with several enzymes in the cytoplasm released from granules, leading to release of DNA and histones, and finally formation of NET. Several reports have indicated that NETosis might contribute to the immune responses through limiting the dissemination of microbial organisms. In this review, we discuss recent advances on the role of neutrophils, NETs, and their implications in the pathogenesis of microbial infections. Additionally, the prospective of the NET modulation as a therapeutic strategy to treat infectious diseases are clarified. © 2021 Elsevier Ltd

Disciplines :

Immunology & infectious disease

Author, co-author :

Tabrizi, Z. A.; Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran

Khosrojerdi, A.; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

Aslani, S.; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Hemmatzadeh, M.; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran

Babaie, F.; Department of Immunology and Genetic, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran

Bairami, A.; Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran

Shomali, N.; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran

Hosseinzadeh, R.; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Safari, Roghaiyeh ; Université de Liège - ULg

Mohammadi, H.; Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran, Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran

Language :

English

Title :

Multi-facets of neutrophil extracellular trap in infectious diseases: Moving beyond immunity

Publication date :

2021

Journal title :

Microbial Pathogenesis

ISSN :

0882-4010

eISSN :

1096-1208

Publisher :

Elsevier, Atlanta, Georgia

Volume :

158

Peer reviewed :

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Available on ORBi :

since 10 September 2021

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