Influence of crop rotation, tillage and fertilization on chemical and spectroscopic characteristics of humic acids

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Keywords :

Article; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Southern Europe; Triticum durum; Vicia faba; Carbon Cycle; Crop Production; Crops, Agricultural; Fertilizers; Humic Substances; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Soil; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Triticum

Abstract :

[en] The changes in soil organic matter composition induced by anthropogenic factors is a topic of great interest for the soil scientists. The objective of this work was to identify possible structural changes in humic molecules caused by a 2-year rotation of durum wheat with faba bean, lasted for a decade, and conducted with different agricultural practices in a Mediterranean soil. Humic acids (HA) were extracted at three depths (0–30, 30–60 and 60–90 cm) from a Mediterranean soil subjected to different tillage (no tillage, minimum tillage and conventional tillage), crops (faba bean and wheat), and fertilization. The changes in HA quality were assessed by several chemical (ash, yield and elemental analysis) and spectroscopic techniques (solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance, Fourier transform infrared and fluorescence). The results suggest that the different agronomic practices strongly affected the quality of HA. Smaller but more aromatic molecules were observed with depth, while the fertilization induced the formation of simpler and less aromatic molecules due to the enhanced decomposition processes. Under no tillage, more stable humic molecules were observed due to the less soil aeration, while under conventional tillage larger and more aromatic molecules were obtained. Compared to wheat, more aromatic and more oxidized but less complex molecules were observed after faba bean crop. The inorganic fertilization accelerates the decomposition of organic substances rather than their stabilization. At the end of each crop cycle, humic matter of different quality was isolated and this confirms the importance of the rotation practice to guarantee a diversification of the soil organic matter with time. Finally, no tillage induces the formation of more stable humic matter. © 2019 De Mastro et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Disciplines :

Agriculture & agronomy

Author, co-author :

De Mastro, F.; Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta e degli Alimenti, University of Bari, Bari, Italy

Cocozza, C.; Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta e degli Alimenti, University of Bari, Bari, Italy

Traversa, A.; Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta e degli Alimenti, University of Bari, Bari, Italy

Savy, Davide ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département GxABT > Plant Sciences

Abdelrahman, H. M.; Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt

Brunetti, G.; Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta e degli Alimenti, University of Bari, Bari, Italy

Language :

English

Title :

Influence of crop rotation, tillage and fertilization on chemical and spectroscopic characteristics of humic acids

Publication date :

2019

Journal title :

PLoS ONE

eISSN :

1932-6203

Publisher :

Public Library of Science, United States - California

Volume :

Issue :

Peer reviewed :

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Available on ORBi :

since 15 July 2021

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