Silicon-doped carbon xerogel with poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) as a  novel protective coating and binder

[en] A composite anode comprised of silicon impregnated in a conductive carbon matrix as an anode material is an interesting path to improve the specific energy density of Li-ion batteries. However, the volume variation and SEI instability of silicon during cycling should be avoided to obtain stable electrodes. In the present study, silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs) impregnated in a 3D carbon xerogel matrix are synthesized with an ionically-conductive polymer, poly (sodium-4 styrenesulfonate) (PSS), as either a binder or a protective coating. The physico chemical and electrochemical properties of this novel composite electrode with PSS as a coating or binder im proves the retention of reversible capacity by a factor of five as compared to the same electrode using only a conventional poly (vinylidene difluoride) (PVDF) binder. Indeed, the composites with 10 wt% SiNPs utilizing PSS as a coating or binder retains a specific gravimetric energy density of 450 mAh g− 1 composite after 40 cycles. Structural, textural, and electrochemical characteristics as well as prospects for further improvements of this composite anode are discussed.

Disciplines :

Chemical engineering

Author, co-author :

Carabetta, Joseph ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Chemical engineering

Job, Nathalie ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Department of Chemical Engineering > Ingéniérie électrochimique

Language :

English

Title :

Silicon-doped carbon xerogel with poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) as a novel protective coating and binder

Publication date :

January 2021

Journal title :

Microporous and Mesoporous Materials

ISSN :

1387-1811

eISSN :

1873-3093

Publisher :

Elsevier, Amsterdam, Netherlands

Volume :

310

Pages :

110622

Peer reviewed :

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Funders :

FRIA - Fonds pour la Formation à la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture

Available on ORBi :

since 14 June 2021

Statistics

Number of views

110 (5 by ULiège)

Number of downloads

3 (2 by ULiège)

More statistics

Scopus citations^®

Scopus citations^®
without self-citations

OpenCitations

OpenAlex citations

Bibliography

Buqa, H., et al. Study of styrene butadiene rubber and sodium methyl cellulose as binder for negative electrodes in lithium-ion batteries. J. Power Sources 161 (2006), 617–622.
Bresser, D., et al. Alternative binders for sustainable electrochemical energy storage – the transition to aqueous electrode processing and bio-derived polymers. Energy Environ. Sci.11, 2018, 3096–3127.
Lee, J.-H., et al. Aqueous processing of natural graphite particulates for lithium-ion battery anodes and their electrochemical performance. J. Power Sources 147 (2005), 249–255.
Yan, L., et al. Ionically cross-linked PEDOT: PSS as a multi-functional conductive binder for high-performance lithium–sulfur batteries. Sustainable Energy Fuels 7 (2018), 1574–1581.
Das, P.R., et al. Effect of solid loading on the processing and behavior of PEDOT: PSS binder based composite cathodes for lithium ion batteries. Synth. Met. 215 (2016), 86–94.
Yazami, R., Surface chemistry and lithium storage capability of the graphite-lithium electrode. Electrochim. Acta 45 (1999), 87–97.
Yazami, R., A reversible graphite-lithium negative electrode for electrochemical generators,. J. Power Sources 45 (1983), 87–97.
Sakabe, J., et al. Porous amorphous silicon film anodes for high capacity and stable all-solid-state lithium batteries. Comm. Chem. 1 (2018), 1–24.
Huggins, R.A., Lithium alloy negative electrodes. J. Power Sources 81 (1999), 13–19.
Houseman, S., et al. Measuring manufacturing: how the computer and semiconductor industries affect the numbers and perceptions. Globalization, Measuring, (eds.) Better Trade Statistics for Better Policy, Upjohn Institute for Employment Research, 2015.
Ma, D., et al. Si-based anode materials for li-ion batteries: a mini review,. Nano-Micro Lett. 6 (2014), 347–358.
Liang, B., et al. Silicon-based materials as high capacity anodes for next generation lithium ion batteries. J. Power Sources 267 (2014), 469–490.
McDowell, M.T., et al. In situ tem of two-phase lithiation of amorphous silicon nanospheres. Nano Lett. 13 (2013), 758–764.
Liu, X.H., et al. Size-dependent fracture of silicon nanoparticles during lithiation. ACS Nano 6 (2012), 1522–1531.
Goodenough, J., et al. Manganese oxides as battery cathodes. proceedings symposium on manganese dioxide electrode: theory and practice for electrochemical applications, Re. Electrochem. Soc. Inc 85 (1985), 77–96.
Lahaye, J., et al. Influence of carbon black properties on the behaviour of the cathode of a Leclanch ́e-type battery. J. Appl. Electrochem. 14 (1984), 545–553.
Sun, W., et al. A long-life nano-silicon anode for lithium ion batteries: supporting of graphene nanosheets exfoliated from expanded graphite by plasma-assisted milling,. Electrochim. Acta 187 (2016), 1–10.
Xu, J., et al. High capacity silicon electrodes with nafion as binders for lithium-ion batteries. J. Electrochem. Soc. 163 (2016), A401–A405.
Job, N., et al. Porous carbon xerogels with texture tailored by pH control during sol–gel process. Carbon 42 (2004), 619–628.
Rey-Raap, N., et al. Aqueous and organic inks of carbon xerogels as models for studying the role of porosity in lithium-ion battery electrodes, Mater. Design 109 (2016), 282–288.
Yuan, X., et al. Preparation and characterization of carbon xerogel (cx) and cx–sio composite as anode material for lithium-ion battery. Electrochem. Commun. 9 (2007), 2591–2595.
Lewicki, J., et al. On the synthesis and structure of resorcinol-formaldehyde polymeric networks-precursors to 3D carbon macroassemblies, Technical report. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 2015.
Piedboeuf, M.-L., et al. Influence of the textural parameters of resorcinol–formaldehyde dry polymers and carbon xerogels on particle sizes upon mechanical milling. Colloid. Surface. 471 (2015), 124–132.
Washburn, E., The dynamics of capillary flow,. Phys. Rev. 17 (1921), 273–283.
Awasthi, A., et al. Measurement of contact angle in systems involving liquid metals. Meas. Sci. Technol. 7 (1996), 753–757.
Kernaghan, M., Surface tension of mercury. Phys. Rev. 37 (1931), 990–997.
Pospech, R., Schneider, P., Powder particle sizes from mercury porosimetry. Powder Technol. 59 (1989), 163–171.
Brunauer, S., Emmett, P.H., Teller, E., Adsorption of gases in multimolecular layers. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 60 (1938), 309–319.
Alegre, C., et al. Tailoring synthesis conditions of carbon xerogels towards their utilization as pt-catalyst supports for oxygen reduction reaction (orr). Catalysts 2 (2012), 466–489.
PubChem, National center for biotechnology information. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/962, 2019 PubChem compound database [CID=962].
PubChem, National center for biotechnology information. ] https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/13387, 2019 PubChem com-pound database [CID=13387.
Joho, F., et al. Relation between surface properties, pore structure and first-cycle charge loss of graphite as negative electrode in lithium-ion batteries. J. Power Sources 97-98, 2001, 78–82.
An, S., et al. The state of understanding of the lithium-ion-battery graphite solid electrolyte interphase (sei) and its relationship to formation cycling. Carbon 105 (2016), 52–76.
Peled, E., et al. An advanced tool for the selection of electrolyte components for rechargeable lithium batteries. J. Electrochem. Soc. 145 (1998), 3482–3486.
Sun, N., et al. Facile synthesis of high performance hard carbon anode materials for sodium ion batteries. J. Mater. Chem. 3 (2015), 20560–20566.
Cui, Y., et al. Surface chemistry and morphology of the solid electrolyte interphase on silicon nanowire lithium-ion battery anodes. J. Power Sources 189 (2009), 1132–1140.
Zuo, X., et al. Silicon based lithium-ion battery anodes: a chronicle perspective review,. Nanomater. Energy 31 (2017), 113–143.
Attia, E.N., Tailoring the chemistry of blend copolymers boosting the electrochemical performance of si-based anodes for lithium ion batteries. J. Mater. Chem. A5, 2017, 24159–24167.
Reddy, T., Linden, D., Handbook of batteries. McGraw-Hill education. McGraw-Hill Education, fourth ed., 2011 edition.
Zuo, X., et al. Evidence of covalent synergy in silicon–sulfur–graphene yielding highly efficient and long-life lithium-ion batteries. Nat. Commun. 6 (2015), 8597–8608.
Yoo, M., Frank, C., Surface Chemistry and morphology of binders in graphite anodes of lithium ion batteries. Technical Report, 2019, Stanford University.
Yoo, M., et al. Interaction of poly(vinylidene fluoride) with graphite particles. 2. Effect of solvent evaporation kinetics and chemical properties of pvdf on the surface morphology of a composite film and its relation to electrochemical performance. Chem. Mater. 16 (2004), 1945–1953.