Brain Molecular Connectivity in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Recent Advances and New Perspectives Using Positron Emission Tomography.

Sala, Arianna; Perani, Daniela

doi:10.3389/fnins.2019.00617

Article (Scientific journals)

Brain Molecular Connectivity in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Recent Advances and New Perspectives Using Positron Emission Tomography.

Sala, Arianna; Perani, Daniela

2019 • In Frontiers in Neuroscience, 13, p. 617

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

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https://hdl.handle.net/2268/260639

DOI
10.3389/fnins.2019.00617

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31258466

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Keywords :

FDG–PET; amyloid PET; brain networks; connectivity; multivariate analysis; neurodegenerative diseases; neurotransmission; tau PET

Abstract :

[en] Positron emission tomography (PET) represents a unique molecular tool to get in vivo access to a wide spectrum of biological and neuropathological processes, of crucial relevance for neurodegenerative conditions. Although most PET findings are based on massive univariate approaches, in the last decade the increasing interest in multivariate methods has paved the way to the assessment of unexplored cerebral features, spanning from resting state brain networks to whole-brain connectome properties. Currently, the combination of molecular neuroimaging techniques with multivariate connectivity methods represents one of the most powerful, yet still emerging, approach to achieve novel insights into the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we will summarize the available evidence in the field of PET molecular connectivity, with the aim to provide an overview of how these studies may increase the understanding of the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, over and above "traditional" structural/functional connectivity studies. Considering the available evidence, a major focus will be represented by molecular connectivity studies using [18F]FDG-PET, today applied in the major neuropathological spectra, from amyloidopathies and tauopathies to synucleinopathies and beyond. Pioneering studies using PET tracers targeting brain neuropathology and neurotransmission systems for connectivity studies will be discussed, their strengths and limitations highlighted with reference to both applied methodology and results interpretation. The most common methods for molecular connectivity assessment will be reviewed, with particular emphasis on the available strategies to investigate molecular connectivity at the single-subject level, of potential relevance for not only research but also diagnostic purposes. Finally, we will highlight possible future perspectives in the field, with reference in particular to newly available PET tracers, which will expand the application of molecular connectivity to new, exciting, unforeseen possibilities.

Disciplines :

Radiology, nuclear medicine & imaging

Author, co-author :

Sala, Arianna ; UniSR

Perani, Daniela

Language :

English

Title :

Brain Molecular Connectivity in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Recent Advances and New Perspectives Using Positron Emission Tomography.

Publication date :

2019

Journal title :

Frontiers in Neuroscience

ISSN :

1662-4548

eISSN :

1662-453X

Publisher :

Frontiers Media S.A., Switzerland

Volume :

Pages :

617

Peer reviewed :

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

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since 02 June 2021

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