Nutritional interventions to improve muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance in older people: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses
[en] Context: Sarcopenia is a progressive and generalized skeletal muscle disorder associated
with an increased risk of adverse outcomes such as falls, disability, and
death. The Belgian Society of Gerontology and Geriatrics has developed evidencebased
guidelines for the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia. This umbrella review
presents the results of the Working Group on Nutritional Interventions.
Objective: The aim of this umbrella review was to provide an evidence-based overview
of nutritional interventions targeting sarcopenia or at least 1 of the 3 sarcopenia
criteria (ie, muscle mass, muscle strength, or physical performance) in persons
aged 65 years. Data sources: Following the Preferred Reporting Items for
Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, the PubMed and Web of Science
databases were searched for systematic reviews and meta-analyses reporting the
effect of nutritional supplementation on sarcopenia or muscle mass, strength, or
physical performance. Data extraction: Two authors extracted data on the key
characteristics of the reviews, including participants, treatment, and outcomes.
Methodological quality of the reviews was assessed using the product A
Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews. Three authors synthesized the
extracted data and generated recommendations on the basis of an overall synthesis
of the effects of each intervention. Quality of evidence was rated with the
Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach.
Data analysis: A total of 15 systematic reviews were included. The following
supplements were examined: proteins, essential amino acids, leucine, b-hydroxy-b-methylbutyrate, creatine, and multinutrient supplementation (with or
without physical exercise). Because of both the low amount and the low to moderate
quality of the reviews, the level of evidence supporting most recommendations
was low to moderate. Conclusions: Best evidence is available to recommend
leucine, because it has a significant effect on muscle mass in elderly people with
sarcopenia. Protein supplementation on top of resistance training is recommended
to increase muscle mass and strength, in particular for obese persons and for
>=24weeks. Effects on sarcopenia as a construct were not reported in the included
reviews.
Disciplines :
Public health, health care sciences & services
Author, co-author :
Gielen, Evelien
Beckwée, David
Delaere, Andreas
De Breucker, Sandra
Vandewoude, Maurits
Bautmans, Ivan
Beaudart, Charlotte ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des sciences de la santé publique > Santé publique, Epidémiologie et Economie de la santé
Beyer, I.
Bruyère, Olivier ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des sciences de la santé publique > Santé publique, Epidémiologie et Economie de la santé
Nutritional interventions to improve muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance in older people: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses
Publication date :
2021
Journal title :
Nutrition Reviews
ISSN :
0029-6643
Publisher :
International Life Sciences Institute
Volume :
79
Issue :
2
Pages :
121-147
Peer reviewed :
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi
Funders :
the Sarcopenia Guidelines Development Group of the Belgian Society of Gerontology and Geriatrics (BSGG)
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