Resilient cooling of buildings to protect against heat waves and poweroutages: Key concepts and definition

[en] The concept of climate resilience has gained extensive international attention during the last few years and is now seen as the future target for building cooling design. However, before being fully implemented in building design, the concept requires a clear and consistent definition and a commonly agreed frame-work of key concepts. The most critical issues that should be given special attention before developing a new definition for resilient cooling of buildings are (1) the disruptions or the associated climatic shocks to protect against, (2) the scale of the built domain, (3) the timeline of resilience, (4) the events of disruption, (5) the stages of resilience, (6) the indoor climate limits and critical comfort conditions, and (7) the influencing factors of resilient cooling of buildings. This paper focuses on a scoping review of the most of the existing resilience definitions and the various approaches, found in 90 documents, towards possible resilient buildings. In conclusion, the paper suggests a definition and a set of criteria —vulnerability, resistance, robustness, and recoverability— that can help to develop intrinsic performance-driven indicator sand functions of passive and active cooling solutions in buildings against two disruptors of indoor thermal environmental quality—heat waves and power outages.

Disciplines :

Architecture

Author, co-author :

Attia, Shady ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département ArGEnCo > Techniques de construction des bâtiments

Levinson, Ronnen

Ndongo, Eileen

Holzer, Peter

Berk Kazanci

Homaei, Shabnam

Zhang, Chen

Olesen, Bjarne W.

Qi, Dahai

Hamdy, Mohamed ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département ArGEnCo > Techniques de construction des bâtiments

Heiselberg, Per

Language :

English

Title :

Resilient cooling of buildings to protect against heat waves and poweroutages: Key concepts and definition

Publication date :

15 May 2021

Journal title :

Energy and Buildings

ISSN :

0378-7788

eISSN :

1872-6178

Publisher :

Elsevier, Amsterdam, Netherlands

Volume :

239

Issue :

110869

Peer reviewed :

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Additional URL :

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378778821001535?via%3Dihub

Name of the research project :

[OCCuPANt] Impacts of climate change on buildings in Belgium during summer

Available on ORBi :

since 11 March 2021

Statistics

Number of views

534 (42 by ULiège)

Number of downloads

1015 (25 by ULiège)

More statistics

Scopus citations^®

Scopus citations^®
without self-citations

OpenCitations

Bibliography

McAllister, T., McAllister, T., Developing guidelines and standards for disaster resilience of the built environment: A research needs assessment. 2013, US Department of Commerce. National Institute of Standards and Technology.
A. Jacob et al., 'Transformation towards sustainable and resilient societies in Asia and the Pacific', 2018.
'71/276. Report of the open-ended intergovernmental expert working group on indicators and terminology relating to disaster risk reduction', United Nations, New York, UN General Assembly 71/276 Resolution, 2017. [Online]. Available: https://www.un.org/en/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=A/RES/71/276.
European Commission, 'The European Green Deal', Brussels, Belgium, Chapter 2.1.4, 2019. Accessed: May 12, 2020. [Online]. Available: https://ec.europa.eu/info/strategy/priorities-2019-2024/european-green-deal_en.
Attia, S., Net Zero Energy Buildings (NZEB): Concepts, frameworks and roadmap for project analysis and implementation. 2018, Butterworth-Heinemann.
Attia, S., Regenerative and positive impact architecture: Learning from case studies. 2018, Springer.
Gupta, R., Barnfield, L., Gregg, M., Overheating in care settings: magnitude, causes, preparedness and remedies. Build. Res. Inf. 45:1–2 (2017), 83–101.
Kjellstrom, T., Holmer, I., Lemke, B., Workplace heat stress, health and productivity–an increasing challenge for low and middle-income countries during climate change. Glob. Health Action, 2(1), 2009, 2047.
A. De Bono, Peduzzi, S. Kluser, and G. Giuliani, 'Impacts of summer 2003 heat wave in Europe', 2004.
Gupta, R., Kapsali, M., Empirical assessment of indoor air quality and overheating in low-carbon social housing dwellings in England, UK. Adv. Build. Energy Res. 10:1 (2016), 46–68.
Holzer and Cooper, 'IEA EBC Annex 80 on Resilient Cooling for Residential and Small Non-Residential Buildings', IEA, Paris, 10.13140/RG.2.2.33912.47368, 2019. [Online]. Available: https://annex80.iea-ebc.org/Data/Sites/10/media/documents/supporting/ebc-annex-80-annex-text-190616.pdf.
'The Future of Cooling: Opportunities for energy-efficient air conditioning', IEA, Paris, France, 2018. [Online]. Available: https://www.iea.org/reports/the-future-of-cooling.
S. O. Andersen et al., 'Cooling Emissions and Policy Synthesis Report: Benefits of Cooling Efficiency and the Kigali Amendment Workplace', 2020.
Kelman, I., Gaillard, J.C., Lewis, J., Mercer, J., Learning from the history of disaster vulnerability and resilience research and practice for climate change. Nat. Hazards 82:1 (2016), 129–143.
K.-H. Liao, 'A theory on urban resilience to floods—a basis for alternative planning practices', Ecol. Soc., vol. 17, no. 4, 2012.
Carpenter, S.R., Folke, C., Ecology for transformation. Trends Ecol. Evol. 21:6 (2006), 309–315.
USGBC, RELi 2.0 Rating Guidelines for Resilient Design and Construction. 2018, U.S. Green Building Council, Washington, USA.
K. Nelson, L. Gillespie-Marthaler, H. Baroud, M. Abkowitz, and D. Kosson, 'An integrated and dynamic framework for assessing sustainable resilience in complex adaptive systems', Sustain. Resilient Infrastruct., 1–19, 2019.
Attia, S., Mustafa, A.M.E.S., Singh, M.K., 'Assessment of thermal overheating in free-running buildings in Cairo', in PROCEEDINGS OF THE 1ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMFORT AT THE EXTREMES: ENERGY. Economy and Climate, 2019, 902–913.
Attia, S., Bilir, S., Safy, T., Struck, C., Loonen, R., Goia, F., Current trends and future challenges in the performance assessment of adaptive façade systems. Energy Build. 179 (2018), 165–182.
Attia, S., Lioure, R., Declaude, Q., Future trends and main concepts of adaptive facade systems. Energy Sci. Eng., 2020.
Garfield, E., Paris, S., Stock, W.G., HistCiteTM: A software tool for informetric analysis of citation linkage. Inf. Wiss. Prax., 57(8), 2006, 391.
G. R. Gibbs, 'Thematic coding and categorizing', Anal. Qual. Data Lond. Sage, 38–56, 2007.
Gale, N.K., Heath, G., Cameron, E., Rashid, S., Redwood, S., Using the framework method for the analysis of qualitative data in multi-disciplinary health research. BMC Med. Res. Methodol., 13(1), 2013, 117.
Lacey, A., Luff, D., Qualitative data analysis. Trent Focus Sheffield, 2001.
S. Friese, Qualitative data analysis with ATLAS. ti. SAGE Publications Limited, 2019.
S. Attia, 'Content Analysis', Qualitative Research Methods, Mar. 01, 2020. https://tinyurl.com/qorc2x3 (accessed Oct. 10, 2019).
S. Attia, 'In-depth Interviews', Qualitative Research Methods, May 01, 2020. https://tinyurl.com/ycacmljt (accessed Oct. 10, 2019).
S. Attia, 'Focus group discussion', Qualitative Research Methods, 2020. https://tinyurl.com/y8l5xv4r (accessed Jun. 01, 2020).
Holzer, 'Annex 80 Participants', Annex 80 Participants, 2019. https://annex80.iea-ebc.org/participants (accessed Jun. 01, 2020).
Cannon, T., Müller-Mahn, D., Vulnerability, resilience and development discourses in context of climate change. Nat. Hazards 55:3 (2010), 621–635.
Folke, C., Carpenter, S., Elmqvist, T., Gunderson, L., Holling, C.S., Walker, B., Resilience and sustainable development: building adaptive capacity in a world of transformations. AMBIO J. Hum. Environ. 31:5 (2002), 437–440.
Manyena, S.B., The concept of resilience revisited. Disasters 30:4 (2006), 434–450.
Gallopín, G.C., Linkages between vulnerability, resilience, and adaptive capacity. Glob. Environ. Change 16:3 (2006), 293–303.
Martin, R., Sunley, On the notion of regional economic resilience: conceptualization and explanation. J. Econ. Geogr. 15:1 (2015), 1–42.
Holling, C.S., Resilience and stability of ecological systems. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 4:1 (1973), 1–23.
Graber, R., Pichon, F., Carabine, E., Psychological resilience. Lond. Overseas Dev. Inst., 2015.
Simmie, J., Martin, R., The economic resilience of regions: towards an evolutionary approach. Camb. J. Reg. Econ. Soc. 3:1 (2010), 27–43.
Boschma, R., Towards an evolutionary perspective on regional resilience. Reg. Stud. 49:5 (2015), 733–751.
Sgro, C.M., Lowe, A.J., Hoffmann, A.A., Building evolutionary resilience for conserving biodiversity under climate change. Evol. Appl. 4:2 (2011), 326–337.
Holling, C.S., Engineering resilience versus ecological resilience. Eng. Ecol. Constraints, 31(1996), 1996, 32.
Jabareen, Y., Planning the resilient city: Concepts and strategies for coping with climate change and environmental risk. Cities 31 (2013), 220–229.
Takewaki, I., Moustafa, A., Fujita, K., Improving the earthquake resilience of buildings: the worst case approach. 2012, Springer Science & Business Media.
S. L. Cox, E. L. Hotchkiss, D. E. Bilello, A. C. Watson, and A. Holm, 'Bridging climate change resilience and mitigation in the electricity sector through renewable energy and energy efficiency: emerging climate change and development topics for energy sector transformation', National Renewable Energy Lab.(NREL), Golden, CO (United States), 2017.
Füssel, H.-M., Vulnerability: A generally applicable conceptual framework for climate change research. Glob. Environ. Change 17:2 (2007), 155–167.
Kasperson, J.X., Kasperson, R.E., Turner, B., Hsieh, W., Schiller, A., 'Vulnerability to global environmental change', in The social contours of risk: volume II: risk analysis. corporations and the globalization of risk, 2012, Taylor and Francis, 245–285.
Asian, D.R.C., 'Living with risk. 2002, A global review of disaster reduction initiatives. Preliminary version', United Nations.
Kotireddy, R., Hoes, P.-J., Hensen, J.L., A methodology for performance robustness assessment of low-energy buildings using scenario analysis. Appl. Energy 212 (2018), 428–442.
Homaei, S., Hamdy, M., A robustness-based decision making approach for multi-target high performance buildings under uncertain scenarios. Appl. Energy, 267, 2020, 114868.
Moazami, A., Carlucci, S., Geving, S., Robust and resilient buildings: A framework for defining the protection against climate uncertainty, in: IOP Conference Series. Materials Science and Engineering, 609, 2019, 072068.
Ernstson, H., et al. Urban transitions: on urban resilience and human-dominated ecosystems. Ambio 39:8 (2010), 531–545.
Meerow, S., Newell, J., Stults, M., Defining urban resilience: A review. Landsc. Urban Plan. 147 (2016), 38–49.
Godschalk, D.R., Urban hazard mitigation: creating resilient cities. Nat. Hazards Rev. 4:3 (2003), 136–143.
Stead, D., Urban planning, water management and climate change strategies: adaptation, mitigation and resilience narratives in the Netherlands. Int. J. Sustain. Dev. World Ecol. 21:1 (2014), 15–27.
Sharifi, A., Yamagata, Y., Principles and criteria for assessing urban energy resilience: A literature review. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 60 (2016), 1654–1677.
Tokgoz, B.E., Gheorghe, A.V., Resilience quantification and its application to a residential building subject to hurricane winds. Int. J. Disaster Risk Sci. 4:3 (2013), 105–114.
D. Cormie, G. Mays, and Smith, Blast effects on buildings. ICE publishing, 2019.
Lomas, K.J., Ji, Y., Resilience of naturally ventilated buildings to climate change: Advanced natural ventilation and hospital wards. Energy Build. 41:6 (2009), 629–653.
Lomas, K.J., Giridharan, R., Thermal comfort standards, measured internal temperatures and thermal resilience to climate change of free-running buildings: A case-study of hospital wards. Build. Environ. 55 (2012), 57–72.
Wilde, De, Coley, D., The implications of a changing climate for buildings. Elsevier, 2012.
E. Burman, J. Kimpian, and D. Mumovic, 'Reconciling Resilience and Sustainability in Overheating and Energy Performance Assessments of Non-domestic Buildings', 2014.
Holmes, S.H., Phillips, T., Wilson, A., Overheating and passive habitability: indoor health and heat indices. Build. Res. Inf. 44:1 (2016), 1–19.
Coley, D., Herrera, M., Fosas, D., Liu, C., Vellei, M., Probabilistic adaptive thermal comfort for resilient design. Build. Environ. 123 (2017), 109–118.
Hamdy, M., Carlucci, S., Hoes, P.-J., Hensen, J.L., The impact of climate change on the overheating risk in dwellings—A Dutch case study. Build. Environ. 122 (2017), 307–323.
USGBC, Leadership in energy and environmental design, v4, 2019, 1.
E. Olsen, J. Kuo, and A. Tazi, 'Resilient Design: Putting thermal resilience in the LEED pilot credits to the test', 2012. https://www.resilientdesign.org/putting-thermal-resilience-in-the-leed-pilot-credits-to-the-test/.
Lomas, K.J., Porritt, S.M., Overheating in buildings: lessons from research. 2017, Taylor & Francis.
Bull-Kamanga, L., et al. From everyday hazards to disasters: the accumulation of risk in urban areas. Environ. Urban. 15:1 (2003), 193–204.
W. H. Organization, 'Background information on urban outdoor air pollution', WHO Accessed April, vol. 21, 2017.
Carlucci, S., Pagliano, L., A review of indices for the long-term evaluation of the general thermal comfort conditions in buildings. Energy Build. 53 (2012), 194–205.
Di Napoli, C., Pappenberger, F., Cloke, H.L., Verification of Heat Stress Thresholds for a Health-Based Heat-Wave Definition. J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol. 58:6 (2019), 1177–1194.
Sanders, C.H., Phillipson, M.C., UK adaptation strategy and technical measures: the impacts of climate change on buildings. Build. Res. Inf. 31:3–4 (2003), 210–221.
Jones, A., Indoor air quality and health. Atmosph. Environ. 33:28 (1999), 4535–4564.
Baniassadi, A., Heusinger, J., Sailor, D.J., Energy efficiency vs resiliency to extreme heat and power outages: The role of evolving building energy codes. Build. Environ. 139 (2018), 86–94.
T. Swanstrom, 'Regional resilience: a critical examination of the ecological framework', working paper, 2008.
Hassler, U., Kohler, N., Resilience in the built environment. 2014, Taylor & Francis.
Palme, M., Inostroza, L., Villacreses, G., Lobato-Cordero, A., Carrasco, C., From urban climate to energy consumption. Enhancing building performance simulation by including the urban heat island effect. Energy Build. 145 (2017), 107–120.
Laouadi, A., Gaur, A., Lacasse, M.A., Bartko, M., Armstrong, M., Development of reference summer weather years for analysis of overheating risk in buildings. J. Build. Perform. Simul. 13:3 (2020), 301–319.
A. Moazami, V. Nik, S. Carlucci, and S. Geving, 'Impacts of the future weather data type on the energy simulation of buildings–Investigating long-term patterns of climate change and extreme weather conditions', 2019.
Sailor, D.J., Risks of summertime extreme thermal conditions in buildings as a result of climate change and exacerbation of urban heat islands. Build. Environ. 78 (2014), 81–88.
MacKenzie, C.A., Barker, K., Empirical data and regression analysis for estimation of infrastructure resilience with application to electric power outages. J. Infrastruct. Syst. 19:1 (2012), 25–35.
Märzinger, T., Österreicher, D., Supporting the Smart Readiness Indicator—A Methodology to Integrate A Quantitative Assessment of the Load Shifting Potential of Smart Buildings. Energies, 12(10), 1955, 2019.
Cordero, A.S., Melgar, S.G., Márquez, J.M.A., Green Building Rating Systems and the New Framework Level (s): A Critical Review of Sustainability Certification within Europe. Energies 13:1 (2019), 1–25.
N. Dodd, S. Donatello, E. Garbarino, and M. Gama-Caldas, 'Identifying macro-objectives for the life cycle environmental performance and resource efficiency of EU buildings', JRC EU Comm. Luxemb., 117, 2015.
K. Beckmann and S. Roaf, 'Workshop Report: Climate Resilience for the Scottish Built Environment', in Report for ClimateXChange Scotland, 2013.
Dodd, N., Cordella, M., Traverso, M., Donatello, S., Level (s)–A common EU framework of core sustainability indicators for office and residential buildings. JRC Sci. Policy ReEur. Comm., 2017.
Parliament, E., Directive 2018/844/EU of the European Parliament and of the council of 19 June 2018 on the energy performance of buildings (recast). Off. J. Eur. Communities 61:156 (2018), 75–91.
Anderies, J.M., Embedding built environments in social–ecological systems: resilience-based design principles. Build. Res. Inf. 42:2 (2014), 130–142.
Nicol, L.A., Knoepfel, Resilient housing: a new resource-oriented approach. Build. Res. Inf. 42:2 (2014), 229–239.
Buso, T., Fabi, V., Andersen, R.K., Corgnati, S., Occupant behaviour and robustness of building design. Build. Environ. 94 (2015), 694–703.
Ascione, F., Bianco, N., De Masi, R.F., Mauro, G.M., Vanoli, G., Resilience of robust cost-optimal energy retrofit of buildings to global warming: A multi-stage, multi-objective approach. Energy Build. 153 (2017), 150–167.
Wilson, A., 'Resilience as a driver of passive design', in Activism in Architecture. Routledge, 2018, 155–164.
Moazami, A., Carlucci, S., Nik, V.M., Geving, S., Towards climate robust buildings: An innovative method for designing buildings with robust energy performance under climate change. Energy Build., 202, 2019, 109378.
Gupta, R., Bruce-Konuah, A., Howard, A., Achieving energy resilience through smart storage of solar electricity at dwelling and community level. Energy Build. 195 (2019), 1–15.
Sun, K., Specian, M., Hong, T., Nexus of thermal resilience and energy efficiency in buildings: A case study of a nursing home. Build. Environ., 106842, 2020.