[en] To use strongly lensed Type Ia supernovae (LSNe Ia) for cosmology, a time-delay measurement between the multiple supernova (SN) images is necessary. The sharp rise and decline of SN Ia light curves make them promising for measuring time delays, but microlensing can distort these light curves and therefore add large uncertainties to the measurements. An alternative approach is to use color curves where uncertainties due to microlensing are significantly reduced for a certain period of time known as the achromatic phase. In this work, we investigate in detail the achromatic phase, testing four different SN Ia models with various microlensing configurations. We find on average an achromatic phase of around three rest-frame weeks or longer for most color curves, but the spread in the duration of the achromatic phase (due to different microlensing maps and filter combinations) is quite large and an achromatic phase of just a few days is also possible. Furthermore, the achromatic phase is longer for smoother microlensing maps and lower macro-magnifications. From our investigations, we do not find a strong dependency on the SN model or on asymmetries in the SN ejecta. We find that six rest-frame LSST color curves exhibit features such as extreme points or turning points within the achromatic phase, which make them promising for time-delay measurements; however, only three of the color curves are independent. These curves contain combinations of rest-frame bands u, g, r, and i, and to observe them for typical LSN Ia redshifts, it would be ideal to cover (observer-frame) filters r, i, z, y, J, and H. If follow-up resources are restricted, we recommend r, i, and z as the bare minimum for using color curves and/or light curves since LSNe Ia are bright in these filters and observational uncertainties are lower than in the infrared regime. With additional resources, infrared observations in y, J, and H would be useful for obtaining color curves of SNe, especially at redshifts above ∼0.8 when they become critical.
Disciplines :
Space science, astronomy & astrophysics
Author, co-author :
Huber, S.; Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik, Karl-Schwarzschild Str. 1, 85741, Garching, Germany ; Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Straße 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
Suyu, S. H.; Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik, Karl-Schwarzschild Str. 1, 85741, Garching, Germany ; Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Straße 1, 85748, Garching, Germany ; Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Academia Sinica, 11F of ASMAB, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
Noebauer, U. M.; Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik, Karl-Schwarzschild Str. 1, 85741, Garching, Germany ; Munich Re, IT1.6.4.1, Königinstraße 107, 80802, München, Germany
Chan, J. H. H.; Institute of Physics, Laboratory of Astrophysics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Observatoire de Sauverny, 1290, Versoix, Switzerland
Kromer, M.; Heidelberger Institut für Theoretische Studien, Schloss-Wolfsbrunnenweg 35, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany
Sim, S. A.; Astrophysics Research Centre, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, UK
Sluse, Dominique ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophys., géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Origines Cosmologiques et Astrophysiques (OrCa)
Taubenberger, S.; Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik, Karl-Schwarzschild Str. 1, 85741, Garching, Germany)
Language :
English
Title :
HOLISMOKES. III. Achromatic phase of strongly lensed Type Ia supernovae
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