methods: data analysis; planetary systems; stars: late-type; stars: individual: LP 714-47; planets and satellites: individual: LP 714-47 b; Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics; Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract :
[en] We report the discovery of a Neptune-like planet (LP 714-47 b, P = 4.05204 d, m[SUB]b[/SUB] = 30.8 ± 1.5M⊕, Rb= 4.7 ± 0.3 R⊕) located in the "hot Neptune desert". Confirmation of the TESS Object of Interest (TOI 442.01) was achieved with radial-velocity follow-up using CARMENES, ESPRESSO, HIRES, iSHELL, and PFS, as well as from photometric data using TESS, Spitzer, and ground-based photometry from MuSCAT2, TRAPPIST-South, MONET-South, the George Mason University telescope, the Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope network, the El Sauce telescope, the TÜBİTAK National Observatory, the University of Louisville Manner Telescope, and WASP-South. We also present high-spatial resolution adaptive optics imaging with the Gemini Near-Infrared Imager. The low uncertainties in the mass and radius determination place LP 714-47 b among physically well-characterised planets, allowing for a meaningful comparison with planet structure models. The host star LP 714-47 is a slowly rotating early M dwarf (Teff = 3950 ± 51 K) with a mass of 0.59 ± 0.02M☉ and a radius of 0.58 ± 0.02R☉. From long-term photometric monitoring and spectroscopic activity indicators, we determine a stellar rotation period of about 33 d. The stellar activity is also manifested as correlated noise in the radial-velocity data. In the power spectrum of the radial-velocity data, we detect a second signal with a period of 16 days in addition to the four-day signal of the planet. This could be shown to be a harmonic of the stellar rotation period or the signal of a second planet. It may be possible to tell the difference once more TESS data and radial-velocity data are obtained. <P />RV data are only available at the CDS via anonymous ftp to <A href="http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr">http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr</A> (ftp://130.79.128.5) or via <A href="http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/644/A127">http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/644/A127</A> <P />Based on observations carried out at the Centro Astronómico Hispano Alemán (CAHA) at Calar Alto, operated jointly by the Junta de Andalucía and the Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (CSIC), on observations carried out at the European Southern Observatory under ESO programme 0103.C-0152(A), and data collected with the 6.5 m Magellan Telescopes located at Las Campanas Observatory, Chile.
Crossfield, I. J. M.; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
Kossakowski, D.; Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Königstuhl 17, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
Plavchan, P.; Department of Physics and Astronomy, George Mason University, 4400 University Drive MS 3F3, Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA
Jeffers, S. V.; Institut für Astrophysik, Georg-August-Universität, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
Kemmer, J.; Landessternwarte, Zentrum für Astronomie der Universität Heidelberg, Königstuhl 12, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
Luque, R.; Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), Vía Láctea s/n, 38205, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain ; Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), 38206, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
Espinoza, N.; Space Telescope Science Institute, 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD, USA
Pallé, E.; Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), Vía Láctea s/n, 38205, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain ; Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), 38206, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
Stassun, K.; Physics & Astronomy Department, Vanderbilt University, 6301 Stevenson Center Ln., Nashville, TN 37235, USA
Matthews, E.; Department of Physics, and Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Science, M.I.T., Cambridge, MA 02193, USA
Pozuelos, F. J. ; Space Sciences, Technologies and Astrophysics Research Institute, Université de Liège, 19C Allée du 6 Août, 4000, Liège, Belgium ; Astrobiology Research Unit, Université de Liège, 19C Allée du 6 Août, 4000, Liège, Belgium
Quirrenbach, A.; Landessternwarte, Zentrum für Astronomie der Universität Heidelberg, Königstuhl 12, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
Reefe, M.; Department of Physics and Astronomy, George Mason University, 4400 University Drive MS 3F3, Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA
Ribas, I.; Institut de Ciències de l'Espai (ICE, CSIC), Campus UAB, C/ Can Magrans s/n, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain ; Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), C/ Gran Capità 2-4, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
Robertson, P.; Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
Rodríguez-López, C.; Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA-CSIC), Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, 18008, Granada, Spain
Rose, M. E.; NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, 94035, USA
Roy, A.; Department of Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
Ricker, G.; Department of Physics, and Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Science, M.I.T., Cambridge, MA 02193, USA
Vanderspek, R.; Department of Physics, and Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Science, M.I.T., Cambridge, MA 02193, USA
Latham, D. W.; Center for Astrophysics/Harvard & Smithsonian, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
Seager, S.; Department of Physics, and Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Science, M.I.T., Cambridge, MA 02193, USA ; Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA ; Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, MIT, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
Winn, J.; Department of Astrophysical Sciences, 4 Ivy Lane, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
Jenkins, J. M.; NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, 94035, USA
Aceituno, J.; Centro Astronómico Hispano-Alemán (CSIC-Junta de Andalucía), Observatorio Astronómico de Calar Alto, Sierra de los Filabres, 04550 Gérgal, Almería, Spain ; Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA-CSIC), Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, 18008, Granada, Spain
Amado, P. J.; Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA-CSIC), Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, 18008, Granada, Spain
Barkaoui, Khalid ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophys., géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Exotic
Barbieri, M.; Universidad de Atacama, Instituto de Astronomía y Ciencias Planetarias, Copiapó, Chile
Batalha, N. M.; Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
Bauer, F. F.; Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA-CSIC), Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, 18008, Granada, Spain
Benneke, B.; Département de Physique, Université de Montréal, QC, Canada
Benkhaldoun, Z.; Oukaimeden Observatory, High Energy Physics and Astrophysics Laboratory, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco
Beichman, C.; Department of Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA ; IPAC, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd., Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
Berberian, J.; Department of Physics and Astronomy, George Mason University, 4400 University Drive MS 3F3, Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA
Burt, J.; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA, USA
Butler, R. P.; Earth and Planets Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science, 5241 Broad Branch Road NW, Washington, DC 20015-1305, USA
Caldwell, D. A.; SETI Institute, 189 Bernardo Ave, Suite 200, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA ; NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, 94035, USA
Chintada, A.; Department of Physics and Astronomy, George Mason University, 4400 University Drive MS 3F3, Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA ; Thomas Jefferson High School for Science and Technology, 6560 Braddock Rd, Alexandria, VA 22312, USA
Chontos, A.; Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawai`i, 2680 Woodlawn Drive, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
Christiansen, J. L.; NASA Exoplanet Science Institute Caltech/IPAC, Pasadena, CA, USA
Ciardi, D. R.; NASA Exoplanet Science Institute Caltech/IPAC, Pasadena, CA, USA
Cifuentes, C.; Centro de Astrobiología (CSIC-INTA), ESAC, Camino bajo del castillo s/n, 28692 Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, Spain
Collins, K. A.; Center for Astrophysics/Harvard & Smithsonian, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
Collins, K. I.; Department of Physics and Astronomy, George Mason University, 4400 University Drive MS 3F3, Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA
Combs, D.; Department of Physics and Astronomy, George Mason University, 4400 University Drive MS 3F3, Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA
Cortés-Contreras, M.; Centro de Astrobiología (CSIC-INTA), ESAC, Camino bajo del castillo s/n, 28692 Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, Spain
Crane, J. D.; The Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science, 813 Santa Barbara Street, Pasadena, CA, USA
Daylan, T.; Department of Physics, and Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Science, M.I.T., Cambridge, MA 02193, USA
Dragomir, D.; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
Esparza-Borges, E.; Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), 38206, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
Evans, P.; El Sauce Observatory, Coquimbo Province, Chile
Feng, F.; Earth and Planets Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science, 5241 Broad Branch Road NW, Washington, DC 20015-1305, USA
Flowers, E. E.; Department of Astrophysical Sciences, 4 Ivy Lane, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
Fukui, A.; Department of Earth and Planetary Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan ; Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), Vía Láctea s/n, 38205, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
Fulton, B.; NASA Exoplanet Science Institute, Pasadena, CA, USA ; Department of Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA ; IPAC, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd., Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
Furlan, E.; IPAC, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd., Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
Gaidos, E.; Department of Earth Sciences, University of Hawai`i, 1680 East-West Road, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
Geneser, C.; Mississippi State University, 355 Lee Boulevard, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
Giacalone, S.; Astronomy Department, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
Gillon, Michaël ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophys., géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Exotic
Gonzales, E.; Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
Gorjian, V.; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA, USA
Hellier, C.; Astrophysics Group, Keele University, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, UK
Hidalgo, D.; Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), Vía Láctea s/n, 38205, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain ; Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), 38206, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
Howard, A. W.; Department of Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
Howell, S.; NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, 94035, USA
Huber, D.; Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawai`i, 2680 Woodlawn Drive, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
Isaacson, H.; Astronomy Department, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA ; University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia
Jehin, Emmanuel ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophys., géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Origines Cosmologiques et Astrophysiques (OrCa)
Jensen, E. L. N.; Department of Physics & Astronomy, Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, PA 19081, USA
Kaminski, A.; Landessternwarte, Zentrum für Astronomie der Universität Heidelberg, Königstuhl 12, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
Kane, S. R.; Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
Kawauchi, K.; Department of Earth and Planetary Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
Kielkopf, J. F.; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
Klahr, H.; Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Königstuhl 17, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
Kosiarek, M. R.; Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
Kreidberg, L.; Center for Astrophysics/Harvard & Smithsonian, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA ; Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Königstuhl 17, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
Kürster, M.; Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Königstuhl 17, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
Lafarga, M.; Institut de Ciències de l'Espai (ICE, CSIC), Campus UAB, C/ Can Magrans s/n, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain ; Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), C/ Gran Capità 2-4, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
Livingston, J.; Department of Astronomy, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
Louie, D.; Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland College Park, MD, 20742-2421, USA
Mann, A.; The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Physics & Astronomy, 120 E. Cameron Ave. Phillips Hall CB3255, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
Madrigal-Aguado, A.; Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), 38206, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
Matson, R. A.; The United States Naval Observatory,3450 Massachusetts Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20392-5420, USA
Mocnik, T.; Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
Morales, J. C.; Institut de Ciències de l'Espai (ICE, CSIC), Campus UAB, C/ Can Magrans s/n, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain ; Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), C/ Gran Capità 2-4, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
Muirhead, P. S.; Department of Astronomy, Boston University, 725 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
Murgas, F.; Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), Vía Láctea s/n, 38205, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain ; Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), 38206, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
Nandakumar, S.; Universidad de Atacama, Instituto de Astronomía y Ciencias Planetarias, Copiapó, Chile
Narita, N.; Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), Vía Láctea s/n, 38205, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain ; National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo, 181-8588, Kanto, Japan ; Astrobiology Center, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo, 181-8588, Japan ; Japan Science and Technology Agency, PRESTO, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo, 181-8588, Japan ; Komaba Institute for Science, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan
Nowak, G.; Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), Vía Láctea s/n, 38205, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain ; Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), 38206, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
Oshagh, M.; Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), Vía Láctea s/n, 38205, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain ; Institut für Astrophysik, Georg-August-Universität, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
Parviainen, H.; Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), Vía Láctea s/n, 38205, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain ; Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), 38206, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
Passegger, V. M.; Homer L. Dodge Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Oklahoma, 440 West Brooks Street, Norman, OK 73019, USA ; Hamburger Sternwarte, Universität Hamburg, Gojenbergsweg 112, 21029, Hamburg, Germany
Pollacco, D.; Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
Brown, T. M., Baliber, N., Bianco, F. B., et al. 2013, PASP, 125, 1031
Burt, J. A., Nielsen, L. D., Quinn, S. N., et al. 2020, AJ, 160, 153
Butler, R. P., Marcy, G. W., Williams, E., et al. 1996, PASP, 108, 500
Caballero, J. A., Guàrdia, J., López del Fresno, M., et al. 2016, Proc. SPIE, 9910, 99100E
Cale, B., Plavchan, P., LeBrun, D., et al. 2019, AJ, 158, 170
Choi, J., Dotter, A., Conroy, C., et al. 2016, ApJ, 823, 102
Cimerman, N. P., Kuiper, R., & Ormel, C. W. 2017, MNRAS, 471, 4662
Claret, A., Hauschildt, P. H., & Witte, S. 2013, A&A, 552, A16
Collins, K. A., Kielkopf, J. F., Stassun, K. G., & Hessman, F. V. 2017, AJ, 153, 77
Crane, J. D., Shectman, S. A., & Butler, R. P. 2006, Proc. SPIE, 6269, 626931
Crane, J. D., Shectman, S. A., Butler, R. P., Thompson, I. B., & Burley, G. S. 2008, Proc. SPIE, 7014, 701479
Crane, J. D., Shectman, S. A., Butler, R. P., et al. 2010, Proc. SPIE, 7735, 773553
Dawson, R. I., & Johnson, J. A. 2018, ARA&A, 56, 175
Deming, D., Knutson, H., Kammer, J., et al. 2015, ApJ, 805, 132
Díaz, M. R., Jenkins, J. S., Gand olfi, D., et al. 2020, MNRAS, 493, 973
Dotter, A. 2016, ApJS, 222, 8
Eastman, J., Gaudi, B. S., & Agol, E. 2013, PASP, 125, 83
Eastman, J. D., Rodriguez, J. E., Agol, E., et al. 2019, PASP, submitted [arXiv:1907.09480]
Fazio, G. G., Hora, J. L., Allen, L. E., et al. 2004, ApJS, 154, 10
Flock, M., Turner, N. J., Mulders, G. D., et al. 2019, A&A, 630, A147
Foreman-Mackey, D., Hogg, D. W., Lang, D., & Goodman, J. 2013, PASP, 125, 306
Foreman-Mackey, D., Agol, E., Ambikasaran, S., & Angus, R. 2017, AJ, 154, 220
Frith, J., Pinfield, D. J., Jones, H. R. A., et al. 2013, MNRAS, 435, 2161
Gaia Collaboration (Brown, A. G. A., et al.) 2018, A&A, 616, A1
Gaidos, E., & Mann, A. W. 2014, ApJ, 791, 54
Giclas, H. L., Burnham, R., & Thomas, N. G. 1971, Lowell proper motion survey Northern Hemisphere. The G numbered stars. 8991 stars fainter than magnitude 8 with motions > 0.′′ 26/year (Lowell Observatory)
Giclas, H. L., Burnham, R., J., & Thomas, N. G. 1978, Lowell Observ. Bull., 8, 89
Ginzburg, S., Schlichting, H. E., & Sari, R. 2016, ApJ, 825, 29
Ginzburg, S., Schlichting, H. E., & Sari, R. 2018, MNRAS, 476, 759
Gupta, A., & Schlichting, H. E. 2019, MNRAS, 487, 24
Gupta, A., & Schlichting, H. E. 2020, MNRAS, 493, 792
Hauschildt, P. H. 1992, J. Quant. Spec. Rad. Transf., 47, 433
Hauschildt, P. H. 1993, J. Quant. Spec. Rad. Transf., 50, 301
Hauschildt, P. H., Allard, F., & Baron, E. 1999, ApJ, 512, 377
Hippke, M., & Heller, R. 2019, A&A, 623, A39
Hodapp, K. W., Jensen, J. B., Irwin, E. M., et al. 2003, PASP, 115, 1388
Howard, A. W., Marcy, G. W., Johnson, J. A., et al. 2010, Science, 330, 653
Howell, S. B., Everett, M. E., Sherry, W., Horch, E., & Ciardi, D. R. 2011, AJ, 142, 19
Husser, T. O., Wende-von Berg, S., Dreizler, S., et al. 2013, A&A, 553, A6
Ida, S., & Lin, D. N. C. 2008, ApJ, 685, 584
Jeffers, S. V., Schöfer, P., Lamert, A., et al. 2018, A&A, 614, A76
Jehin, E., Gillon, M., Queloz, D., et al. 2011, Messenger, 145, 2
Jenkins, J. 2019, in AAS/Division for Extreme Solar Systems Abstracts, 51, 103.07
Jenkins, J. M., Twicken, J. D., McCauliff, S., et al. 2016, Proc. SPIE, 9913, 99133E
Jensen, E. 2013, Tapir: A Web Interface for Transit/Eclipse Observability (Astrophysics Source Code Library)
Li, J., Tenenbaum, P., Twicken, J. D., et al. 2019, PASP, 131, 024506
Lightkurve Collaboration (Cardoso, J. V. d. M., et al.) 2018, Lightkurve: Kepler and TESS Time Series Analysis in Python, Astrophys. Source Code Libr. [record ascl:1812.013]
Lopez, E. D., & Fortney, J. J. 2014, ApJ, 792, 1
Luyten, W. J. 1963, Bruce Proper Motion Survey. The General Catalogue, (1)
Mandel, K., & Agol, E. 2002, ApJ, 580, L171
Mann, A. W., Feiden, G. A., Gaidos, E., Boyajian, T., & von Braun, K. 2015, ApJ, 804, 64
Mann, A. W., Gaidos, E., Vanderburg, A., et al. 2017, AJ, 153, 64
Mann, A. W., Dupuy, T., Kraus, A. L., et al. 2019, ApJ, 871, 63
Marcy, G. W., & Butler, R. P. 1992, PASP, 104, 270
