Role of cardiovascular imaging in cancer patients receiving cardiotoxic therapies: a position statement on behalf of the Heart Failure Association (HFA), the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging (EACVI) and the Cardio-Oncology Council of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)
Čelutkienė, J.; Clinic of Cardiac and Vascular Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania, State Research Institute Centre For Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
Pudil, R.; First Department of Medicine - Cardioangiology, Charles University Prague, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Hradec Králové, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
López-Fernández, T.; Cardiology Department, La Paz University Hospital, IdiPAz, Ciber CV, Madrid, Spain
Grapsa, J.; Department of Cardiology, St Bartholomew Hospital, Barts Health Trust, London, United Kingdom
Nihoyannopoulos, P.; Unit of Inherited Cardiovascular Diseases/Heart Center of the Young and Athletes, First Department of Cardiology, Hippokrateion General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece, National Heart and Lung Institute Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Bergler-Klein, J.; Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
Cohen-Solal, A.; UMR-S 942, Cardiology Department, Hôpital Lariboisière, AP-HP, Université de Paris, Paris, France
Farmakis, D.; University of Cyprus Medical School, Nicosia, Cyprus, Cardio-Oncology Clinic, Heart Failure Unit, Department of Cardiology, Athens University Hospital Attikon, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
Tocchetti, C. G.; Department of Translational Medical Sciences, and Interdepartmental Center for Clinical and Translational Research (CIRCET), Federico II University, Naples, Italy
von Haehling, S.; Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University of Göttingen Medical Centre, Göttingen, Germany
Barberis, V.; American Medical Center, American Heart Institute, Nicosia, Cyprus
Flachskampf, F. A.; Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Clinical Physiology and Cardiology, Akademiska Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
Čeponienė, I.; Department of Cardiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
Haegler-Laube, E.; Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
Suter, T.; Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
Lapinskas, T.; Department of Cardiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
Prasad, S.; Department of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
de Boer, R. A.; Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
Wechalekar, K.; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Anker, M. S.; Division of Cardiology and Metabolism, Department of Cardiology, Charité
Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT)
German Centre for Cardiovascular Research
Charité Campus Benjamin Franklin; Berlin, Germany
Iakobishvili, Z.; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel, Tel Aviv-Jaffa District, Clalit Health Services, Tel Aviv, Israel
Bucciarelli-Ducci, C.; Bristol Heart Institute, Bristol NIHR Biomedical Research Centre and Clinical Research and Imaging Centre (CRIC) Bristol, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
Schulz-Menger, J.; Working Group on Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, Experimental and Clinical Research Center a joint cooperation between the Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology and the Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, and HELIOS Klinikum Berlin Buch, Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Berlin, Germany, DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
Cosyns, B.; Department of Cardiology, CHVZ (Centrum voor Hart en Vaatziekten), ICMI (In Vivo Cellular and Molecular Imaging) Laboratory, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
Belenkov, Y.; I.M. Sechenov's First Moscow State Medical University of Ministry of Health (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation
Hulot, J.-S.; Université de Paris, CIC1418, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, INSERM, Paris, France
Galderisi, M.; Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University Hospital, Naples, Italy
Lancellotti, Patrizio ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des sciences cliniques > Cardiologie - Pathologie spéciale et réhabilitation
Bax, J.; Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands
Marwick, T. H.; Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
Chioncel, O.; Emergency Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases C.C. Iliescu, Bucuresti, Romania, University of Medicine Carol Davila, Bucuresti, Romania
Jaarsma, T.; Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
Mullens, W.; Ziekenhuis Oost Limburg, University Hasselt, Genk, Belgium
Piepoli, M.; Heart Failure Unit, Cardiology, Guglielmo da Saliceto Hospital, Piacenza, Italy, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
Thum, T.; Hannover Medical School, Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover, Germany
Heymans, S.; Department of Cardiology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts Heart Centre, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, United Kingdom, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Centre for Molecular and Vascular Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
Mueller, C.; Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel (CRIB), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Moura, B.; Cardiology Department, Military Hospital, and CINTESIS, CardioCare, Faculty of Medicine, Porto University, Porto, Portugal
Ruschitzka, F.; University Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
Zamorano, J. L.; Cardiology Department, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain, University Alcala, Madrid, Spain, CIBERCV, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
Rosano, G.; Department of Medical Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy, Cardiology Clinical Academic Group, St George's Hospitals NHS Trust University of London, London, United Kingdom
Coats, A. J. S.; IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
Asteggiano, R.; Cardiologist in Practice, Turin, Italy
Seferovic, P.; University of Belgrade Faculty of Medicine and Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Belgrade, Serbia
Edvardsen, T.; Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
Lyon, A. R.; National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom, Cardio-Oncology Service, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Role of cardiovascular imaging in cancer patients receiving cardiotoxic therapies: a position statement on behalf of the Heart Failure Association (HFA), the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging (EACVI) and the Cardio-Oncology Council of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)
Lyon AR, Dent S, Stanway S, Earl H, Brezden-Masley C, Cohen-Solal A, Tocchetti CG, Moslehi J, Groarke JD, Bergler-Klein J, Khoo V, Tan LL, Anker MS, von Haehling S, Maack C, Pudil R, Barac A, Thavendirnathan P, Ky B, Neilan TG, Belenkov Y, Rosen SD, Iakobishvili Z, Sverdlov AL, Hajjar LA, Macedo AV, Manisty C, Ciardiello F, Farmakis D, De Boer RA, Skouri H, Suter TM, Cardinale D, Witteles RM, Fradley MG, Herrmann J, Cornell RF, Wechelaker A, Mauro MJ, Milojkovic D, de Lavallade H, Ruschitzka F, Coats AJ, Seferovic PM, Chioncel O, Thum T, Bauersachs J, Andres MS, Wright DJ, López-Fernández T, Plummer C, Lenihan D. Baseline cardiovascular risk assessment in cancer patients scheduled to receive cardiotoxic cancer therapies: a position statement and new risk assessment tools from the Cardio-Oncology Study Group of the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology in collaboration with the International Cardio-Oncology Society. Eur J Heart Fail 2020 May 28. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejhf.1920 [Epub ahead of print].
Zamorano JL, Lancellotti P, Rodriguez Munoz D, Aboyans V, Asteggiano R, Galderisi M, Habib G, Lenihan DJ, Lip GY, Lyon AR, Lopez Fernandez T, Mohty D, Piepoli MF, Tamargo J, Torbicki A, Suter TM, Zamorano JL, Aboyans V, Achenbach S, Agewall S, Badimon L, Baron-Esquivias G, Baumgartner H, Bax JJ, Bueno H, Carerj S, Dean V, Erol C, Fitzsimons D, Gaemperli O, Kirchhof P, Kolh P, Lancellotti P, Lip GY, Nihoyannopoulos P, Piepoli MF, Ponikowski P, Roffi M, Torbicki A, Vaz Carneiro A, Windecker S. 2016 ESC position paper on cancer treatments and cardiovascular toxicity developed under the auspices of the ESC Committee for Practice Guidelines: the Task Force for cancer treatments and cardiovascular toxicity of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur J Heart Fail 2017;19:9–42.
Plana JC, Galderisi M, Barac A, Ewer MS, Ky B, Scherrer-Crosbie M, Ganame J, Sebag IA, Agler DA, Badano LP, Banchs J, Cardinale D, Carver J, Cerqueira M, DeCara JM, Edvardsen T, Flamm SD, Force T, Griffin BP, Jerusalem G, Liu JE, Magalhaes A, Marwick T, Sanchez LY, Sicari R, Villarraga HR, Lancellotti P. Expert consensus for multimodality imaging evaluation of adult patients during and after cancer therapy: a report from the American Society of Echocardiography and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2014;15:1063–1093.
Celutkiene J, Plymen CM, Flachskampf FA, de Boer RA, Grapsa J, Manka R, Anderson L, Garbi M, Barberis V, Filardi PP, Gargiulo P, Zamorano JL, Lainscak M, Seferovic P, Ruschitzka F, Rosano GM, Nihoyannopoulos P. Innovative imaging methods in heart failure: a shifting paradigm in cardiac assessment. Position statement on behalf of the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology. Eur J Heart Fail 2018;20:1615–1633.
Kalam K, Otahal P, Marwick TH. Prognostic implications of global LV dysfunction: a systematic review and meta-analysis of global longitudinal strain and ejection fraction. Heart 2014;100:1673–1680.
Narayan HK, Finkelman B, French B, Plappert T, Hyman D, Smith AM, Margulies KB, Ky B. Detailed echocardiographic phenotyping in breast cancer patients: associations with ejection fraction decline, recovery, and heart failure symptoms over 3 years of follow-up. Circulation 2017;135:1397–1412.
Thavendiranathan P, Grant AD, Negishi T, Plana JC, Popovic ZB, Marwick TH. Reproducibility of echocardiographic techniques for sequential assessment of left ventricular ejection fraction and volumes: application to patients undergoing cancer chemotherapy. J Am Coll Cardiol 2013;61:77–84.
Tsang W, Salgo IS, Medvedofsky D, Takeuchi M, Prater D, Weinert L, Yamat M, Mor-Avi V, Patel AR, Lang RM. Transthoracic 3D echocardiographic left heart chamber quantification using an automated adaptive analytics algorithm. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2016;9:769–782.
Santoro C, Arpino G, Esposito R, Lembo M, Paciolla I, Cardalesi C, de Simone G, Trimarco B, De Placido S, Galderisi M. 2D and 3D strain for detection of subclinical anthracycline cardiotoxicity in breast cancer patients: a balance with feasibility. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2017;18:930–936.
Grothues F, Smith GC, Moon JC, Bellenger NG, Collins P, Klein HU, Pennell DJ. Comparison of interstudy reproducibility of cardiovascular magnetic resonance with two-dimensional echocardiography in normal subjects and in patients with heart failure or left ventricular hypertrophy. Am J Cardiol 2002;90:29–34.
Soufer A, Liu C, Henry ML, Baldassarre LA. Nuclear cardiology in the context of multimodality imaging to detect cardiac toxicity from cancer therapeutics: established and emerging methods. J Nucl Cardiol 2020;27:1210–1224.
Thavendiranathan P, Poulin F, Lim KD, Plana JC, Woo A, Marwick TH. Use of myocardial strain imaging by echocardiography for the early detection of cardiotoxicity in patients during and after cancer chemotherapy: a systematic review. J Am Coll Cardiol 2014;63 (25 Pt A):2751–2768.
Verdonschot JA, Merken JJ, Brunner-La Rocca HP, Hazebroek MR, Eurlings C, Thijssen E, Wang P, Weerts J, van Empel V, Schummers G, Schreckenberg M, van den Wijngaard A, Lumens J, Brunner HG, Heymans SR, Krapels IP, Knackstedt C. Value of speckle tracking-based deformation analysis in screening relatives of patients with asymptomatic dilated cardiomyopathy. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2020;13:549–558.
Negishi K, Negishi T, Haluska BA, Hare JL, Plana JC, Marwick TH. Use of speckle strain to assess left ventricular responses to cardiotoxic chemotherapy and cardioprotection. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2014;15:324–331.
Baron T, Berglund L, Hedin EM, Flachskampf FA. Test-retest reliability of new and conventional echocardiographic parameters of left ventricular systolic function. Clin Res Cardiol 2019;108:355–365.
Charbonnel C, Convers-Domart R, Rigaudeau S, Taksin AL, Baron N, Lambert J, Ghez S, Georges JL, Farhat H, Lambert J, Rousselot P, Livarek B. Assessment of global longitudinal strain at low-dose anthracycline-based chemotherapy, for the prediction of subsequent cardiotoxicity. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2017;18:392–401.
Kang Y, Xu X, Cheng L, Li L, Sun M, Chen H, Pan C, Shu X. Two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography combined with high-sensitive cardiac troponin T in early detection and prediction of cardiotoxicity during epirubicine-based chemotherapy. Eur J Heart Fail 2014;16:300–308.
Santoro C, Esposito R, Lembo M, Sorrentino R, De Santo I, Luciano F, Casciano O, Giuliano M, De Placido S, Trimarco B, Lancellotti P, Arpino G, Galderisi M. Strain-oriented strategy for guiding cardioprotection initiation of breast cancer patients experiencing cardiac dysfunction. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2019;20:1345–1352.
Negishi T, Thavendiranathan P, Negishi K, Marwick TH; SUCCOUR Investigators. Rationale and design of the Strain Surveillance of Chemotherapy for Improving Cardiovascular Outcomes: the SUCCOUR Trial. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2018;11:1098–1105.
Thavendiranathan P, Negishi T, Cote MA, Penicka M, Massey R, Cho GY, Hristova K, Vinereanu D, Popescu BA, Izumo M, Negishi K, Marwick TH; SUCCOUR Investigators. Single versus standard multiview assessment of global longitudinal strain for the diagnosis of cardiotoxicity during cancer therapy. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2018;11:1109–1118.
Muraru D, Niero A, Rodriguez-Zanella H, Cherata D, Badano L. Three-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography: benefits and limitations of integrating myocardial mechanics with three-dimensional imaging. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther 2018;8:101–117.
Zhang KW, Finkelman BS, Gulati G, Narayan HK, Upshaw J, Narayan V, Plappert T, Englefield V, Smith AM, Zhang C, Hundley WG, Ky B. Abnormalities in 3-dimensional left ventricular mechanics with anthracycline chemotherapy are associated with systolic and diastolic dysfunction. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2018;11:1059–1068.
Lyon AR, Yousaf N, Battisti NM, Moslehi J, Larkin J. Immune checkpoint inhibitors and cardiovascular toxicity. Lancet Oncol 2018;19:e447–458.
Moslehi JJ, Salem JE, Sosman JA, Lebrun-Vignes B, Johnson DB. Increased reporting of fatal immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated myocarditis. Lancet 2018;391:933.
Honda K, Takeshita K, Murotani K, Mitsuma A, Hayashi H, Tsunoda N, Kikumori T, Murohara T, Ando Y. Assessment of left ventricular diastolic function during trastuzumab treatment in patients with HER2-positive breast cancer. Breast Cancer 2017;24:312–318.
Calabrese V, Menna P, Annibali O, Armento G, Carpino A, Cerchiara E, Greco C, Marchesi F, Spallarossa P, Toglia G, Reggiardo G, Minotti G. Early diastolic dysfunction after cancer chemotherapy: primary endpoint results of a multicenter cardio-oncology study. Chemotherapy 2018;63:55–63.
Meloche J, Nolan M, Amir E, Brezden-Masley C, Yan A, Thampinathan B, Woo A, Bernd W, Thavendiranathan P. Temporal changes in left atrial function in women with HER2+ breast cancer receiving sequential anthracyclines and trastuzumab therapy. J Am Coll Cardiol 2018;71:1524.
Cerrito LF, Schiavone A, Bergamini C, Dal Porto M, Benfari G, Dolci G, Setti E, Comunello A, Rossi A, Fiorio E, Ribichini FL. Role of left atrial volume as simple and early predictor of cardiotoxicity. Eur Heart J 2019;40 (Suppl 1):1422(abstr.).
Chavez-MacGregor M, Niu J, Zhang N, Elting LS, Smith BD, Banchs J, Hortobagyi GN, Giordano SH. Cardiac monitoring during adjuvant trastuzumab-based chemotherapy among older patients with breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 2015;33:2176–2183.
Thavendiranathan P, Abdel-Qadir H, Fischer HD, Liu Y, Camacho X, Amir E, Austin PC, Lee DS. Risk-imaging mismatch in cardiac imaging practices for women receiving systemic therapy for early-stage breast cancer: a population-based cohort study. J Clin Oncol 2018;36:2980–2987.
Henry ML, Niu J, Zhang N, Giordano SH, Chavez-MacGregor M. Cardiotoxicity and cardiac monitoring among chemotherapy-treated breast cancer patients. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2018;11:1084–1093.
Pareek N, Cevallos J, Moliner P, Shah M, Tan LL, Chambers V, Baksi AJ, Khattar RS, Sharma R, Rosen SD, Lyon AR. Activity and outcomes of a cardio-oncology service in the United Kingdom – a five-year experience. Eur J Heart Fail 2018;20:1721–1731.
Lancellotti P, Suter TM, Lopez-Fernandez T, Galderisi M, Lyon AR, Van der Meer P, Cohen Solal A, Zamorano JL, Jerusalem G, Moonen M, Aboyans V, Bax JJ, Asteggiano R. Cardio-oncology services: rationale, organization, and implementation. Eur Heart J 2019;40:1756–1763.
Nolan MT, Marwick TH, Plana JC, Li Z, Ness KK, Joshi VM, Green DM, Robison LL, Hudson MM, Armstrong GT. Effect of traditional heart failure risk factors on myocardial dysfunction in adult survivors of childhood cancer. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2018;11:1202–1203.
Ezaz G, Long JB, Gross CP, Chen J. Risk prediction model for heart failure and cardiomyopathy after adjuvant trastuzumab therapy for breast cancer. J Am Heart Assoc 2014;3:e000472.
Romond EH, Jeong JH, Rastogi P, Swain SM, Geyer CE Jr, Ewer MS, Rathi V, Fehrenbacher L, Brufsky A, Azar CA, Flynn PJ, Zapas JL, Polikoff J, Gross HM, Biggs DD, Atkins JN, Tan-Chiu E, Zheng P, Yothers G, Mamounas EP, Wolmark N. Seven-year follow-up assessment of cardiac function in NSABP B-31, a randomized trial comparing doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide followed by paclitaxel (ACP) with ACP plus trastuzumab as adjuvant therapy for patients with node-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 2012;30:3792–3799.
Wang L, Tan TC, Halpern EF, Neilan TG, Francis SA, Picard MH, Fei H, Hochberg EP, Abramson JS, Weyman AE, Kuter I, Scherrer-Crosbie M. Major cardiac events and the value of echocardiographic evaluation in patients receiving anthracycline-based chemotherapy. Am J Cardiol 2015;116:442–446.
Lang RM, Badano LP, Mor-Avi V, Afilalo J, Armstrong A, Ernande L, Flachskampf FA, Foster E, Goldstein SA, Kuznetsova T, Lancellotti P, Muraru D, Picard MH, Rietzschel ER, Rudski L, Spencer KT, Tsang W, Voigt JU. Recommendations for cardiac chamber quantification by echocardiography in adults: an update from the American Society of Echocardiography and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2015;16:233–270.
Lopez-Fernandez T, Thavendiranathan P. Emerging cardiac imaging modalities for the early detection of cardiotoxicity due to anticancer therapies. Rev Esp Cardiol (Engl Ed) 2017;70:487–495.
Potter E, Marwick TH. Assessment of left ventricular function by echocardiography: the case for routinely adding global longitudinal strain to ejection fraction. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2018;11 (2 Pt 1):260–274.
Liu J, Banchs J, Mousavi N, Plana JC, Scherrer-Crosbie M, Thavendiranathan P, Barac A. Contemporary role of echocardiography for clinical decision making in patients during and after cancer therapy. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2018;11:1122–1131.
Plana JC, Thavendiranathan P, Bucciarelli-Ducci C, Lancellotti P. Multi-modality imaging in the assessment of cardiovascular toxicity in the cancer patient. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2018;11:1173–1186.
Witteles R. Type I and Type II cardiomyopathy classifications are complete nonsense: PRO. May 4, 2018. https://www.acc.org/latest-in-cardiology/articles/2018/05/04/08/41/type-i-and-type-ii-cardiomyopathy-classifications-are-complete-nonsense-pro (9 July 2020).
Knuuti J, Wijns W, Saraste A, Capodanno D, Barbato E, Funck-Brentano C, Prescott E, Storey RF, Deaton C, Cuisset T, Agewall S, Dickstein K, Edvardsen T, Escaned J, Gersh BJ, Svitil P, Gilard M, Hasdai D, Hatala R, Mahfoud F, Masip J, Muneretto C, Valgimigli M, Achenbach S, Bax JJ; ESC Scientific Document Group. 2019 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of chronic coronary syndromes. Eur Heart J 2020;41:407–477.
Cardinale D, Colombo A, Bacchiani G, Tedeschi I, Meroni CA, Veglia F, Civelli M, Lamantia G, Colombo N, Curigliano G, Fiorentini C, Cipolla CM. Early detection of anthracycline cardiotoxicity and improvement with heart failure therapy. Circulation 2015;131:1981–1988.
Ferreira de Souza T, Quinaglia AC, Osorio Costa F, Shah R, Neilan TG, Velloso L, Nadruz W, Brenelli F, Sposito AC, Matos-Souza JR, Cendes F, Coelho OR, Jerosch-Herold M, Coelho-Filho OR. Anthracycline therapy is associated with cardiomyocyte atrophy and preclinical manifestations of heart disease. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2018;11:1045–1055.
Armenian SH, Lacchetti C, Barac A, Carver J, Constine LS, Denduluri N, Dent S, Douglas PS, Durand JB, Ewer M, Fabian C, Hudson M, Jessup M, Jones LW, Ky B, Mayer EL, Moslehi J, Oeffinger K, Ray K, Ruddy K, Lenihan D. Prevention and monitoring of cardiac dysfunction in survivors of adult cancers: American Society of Clinical Oncology clinical practice guideline. J Clin Oncol 2017;35:893–911.
Armenian SH, Hudson MM, Mulder RL, Chen MH, Constine LS, Dwyer M, Nathan PC, Tissing WJ, Shankar S, Sieswerda E, Skinner R, Steinberger J, van Dalen EC, van der Pal H, Wallace WH, Levitt G, Kremer LC; International Late Effects of Childhood Cancer Guideline Harmonization Group. Recommendations for cardiomyopathy surveillance for survivors of childhood cancer: a report from the International Late Effects of Childhood Cancer Guideline Harmonization Group. Lancet Oncol 2015;16:e123–136.
Dang CT, Yu AF, Jones LW, Liu J, Steingart RM, Argolo DF, Norton L, Hudis CA. Cardiac surveillance guidelines for trastuzumab-containing therapy in early-stage breast cancer: getting to the heart of the matter. J Clin Oncol 2016;34:1030–1033.
Mehta LS, Watson KE, Barac A, Beckie TM, Bittner V, Cruz-Flores S, Dent S, Kondapalli L, Ky B, Okwuosa T, Pina IL, Volgman AS; American Heart Association Cardiovascular Disease in Women and Special Populations Committee of the Council on Clinical Cardiology; Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing; Council on Quality of Care and Outcomes Research. Cardiovascular disease and breast cancer: where these entities intersect: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation 2018;137:e30–66.
Dang C, Guo H, Najita J, Yardley D, Marcom K, Albain K, Rugo H, Miller K, Ellis M, Shapira I, Wolff AC, Carey LA, Moy B, Groarke J, Moslehi J, Krop I, Burstein HJ, Hudis C, Winer EP, Tolaney SM. Cardiac outcomes of patients receiving adjuvant weekly paclitaxel and trastuzumab for node-negative, ERBB2-positive breast cancer. JAMA Oncol 2016;2:29–36.
Curigliano G, de Azambuja E, Lenihan D, Calabro MG, Cardinale D, Cipolla CM. Prevention, monitoring, and management of cardiac dysfunction in patients with metastatic breast cancer. Oncologist 2019;24:e1034–1043.
Choueiri TK, Mayer EL, Je Y, Rosenberg JE, Nguyen PL, Azzi GR, Bellmunt J, Burstein HJ, Schutz FA. Congestive heart failure risk in patients with breast cancer treated with bevacizumab. J Clin Oncol 2011;29:632–638.
Ghatalia P, Morgan CJ, Je Y, Nguyen PL, Trinh QD, Choueiri TK, Sonpavde G. Congestive heart failure with vascular endothelial growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2015;94:228–237.
Hall PS, Harshman LC, Srinivas S, Witteles RM. The frequency and severity of cardiovascular toxicity from targeted therapy in advanced renal cell carcinoma patients. JACC Heart Fail 2013;1:72–78.
Bronte E, Bronte G, Novo G, Bronte F, Bavetta MG, Lo Re G, Brancatelli G, Bazan V, Natoli C, Novo S, Russo A. What links BRAF to the heart function? New insights from the cardiotoxicity of BRAF inhibitors in cancer treatment. Oncotarget 2015;6:35589–35601.
Moslehi JJ. Cardiovascular toxic effects of targeted cancer therapies. N Engl J Med 2016;375:1457–1467.
Pun SC, Neilan TG. Cardiovascular side effects of small molecule therapies for cancer. Eur Heart J 2016;37:2742–2745.
Herrmann J, Lerman A, Sandhu NP, Villarraga HR, Mulvagh SL, Kohli M. Evaluation and management of patients with heart disease and cancer: cardio-oncology. Mayo Clin Proc 2014;89:1287–1306.
Touyz RM, Herrmann J. Cardiotoxicity with vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitor therapy. NPJ Precis Oncol 2018;2:13.
Aghel N, Delgado DH, Lipton JH. Cardiovascular toxicities of BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitors in chronic myeloid leukemia: preventive strategies and cardiovascular surveillance. Vasc Health Risk Manag 2017;13:293–303.
Scott K, Hayden PJ, Will A, Wheatley K, Coyne I. Bortezomib for the treatment of multiple myeloma. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2016;4:CD010816.
Siegel DS, Dimopoulos MA, Ludwig H, Facon T, Goldschmidt H, Jakubowiak A, San-Miguel J, Obreja M, Blaedel J, Stewart AK. Improvement in overall survival with carfilzomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. J Clin Oncol 2018;36:728–734.
Dimopoulos MA, Moreau P, Palumbo A, Joshua D, Pour L, Hajek R, Facon T, Ludwig H, Oriol A, Goldschmidt H, Rosinol L, Straub J, Suvorov A, Araujo C, Rimashevskaya E, Pika T, Gaidano G, Weisel K, Goranova-Marinova V, Schwarer A, Minuk L, Masszi T, Karamanesht I, Offidani M, Hungria V, Spencer A, Orlowski RZ, Gillenwater HH, Mohamed N, Feng S, Chng WJ; ENDEAVOR Investigators. Carfilzomib and dexamethasone versus bortezomib and dexamethasone for patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (ENDEAVOR): a randomised, phase 3, open-label, multicentre study. Lancet Oncol 2016;17:27–38.
Cornell RF, Ky B, Weiss BM, Dahm CN, Gupta DK, Du L, Carver JR, Cohen AD, Engelhardt BG, Garfall AL, Goodman SA, Harrell SL, Kassim AA, Jadhav T, Jagasia M, Moslehi J, O'Quinn R, Savona MR, Slosky D, Smith A, Stadtmauer EA, Vogl DT, Waxman A, Lenihan D. Prospective study of cardiac events during proteasome inhibitor therapy for relapsed multiple myeloma. J Clin Oncol 2019;37:1946–1955.
Russell SD, Lyon A, Lenihan DJ, Moreau P, Joshua D, Chng WJ, Palumbo A, Goldschmidt H, Hajek R, Facon T, Ludwig H, Pour L, Niesvizky R, Oriol A, Rosinol L, Suvorov A, Gaidano G, Goranova-Marinova V, Gillenwater HH, Mohamed N, Feng S, Dimopoulos MA. Serial echocardiographic assessment of patients with relapsed multiple myeloma receiving carfilzomib and dexamethasone vs bortezomib and dexamethasone: a substudy of the phase 3 Endeavor trial (NCT01568866). Blood 2015;126:4250.
Keramida K, Parissis JT, Chioncel O, Farmakis D. Cardiogenic shock in cancer. Heart Fail Rev 2019;24:997–1004.
Haanen J, Carbonnel F, Robert C, Kerr KM, Peters S, Larkin J, Jordan K, Committee EG. Management of toxicities from immunotherapy: ESMO clinical practice guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol 2017;28 (Suppl 4):iv119–142.
Caforio AL, Marcolongo R, Jahns R, Fu M, Felix SB, Iliceto S. Immune-mediated and autoimmune myocarditis: clinical presentation, diagnosis and management. Heart Fail Rev 2013;18:715–732.
Mahmood SS, Fradley MG, Cohen JV, Nohria A, Reynolds KL, Heinzerling LM, Sullivan RJ, Damrongwatanasuk R, Chen CL, Gupta D, Kirchberger MC, Awadalla M, Hassan MZO, Moslehi JJ, Shah SP, Ganatra S, Thavendiranathan P, Lawrence DP, Groarke JD, Neilan TG. Myocarditis in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. J Am Coll Cardiol 2018;71:1755–1764.
Hsiao JF, Koshino Y, Bonnichsen CR, Yu Y, Miller FA Jr, Pellikka PA, Cooper LT Jr, Villarraga HR. Speckle tracking echocardiography in acute myocarditis. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 2013;29:275–284.
Messroghli DR, Moon JC, Ferreira VM, Grosse-Wortmann L, He T, Kellman P, Mascherbauer J, Nezafat R, Salerno M, Schelbert EB, Taylor AJ, Thompson R, Ugander M, van Heeswijk RB, Friedrich MG. Clinical recommendations for cardiovascular magnetic resonance mapping of T1, T2, T2* and extracellular volume: a consensus statement by the Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (SCMR) endorsed by the European Association for Cardiovascular Imaging (EACVI). J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2017;19:75.
Jordan JH, Todd RM, Vasu S, Hundley WG. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance in the oncology patient. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2018;11:1150–1172.
Thavendiranathan P, Wintersperger BJ, Flamm SD, Marwick TH. Cardiac MRI in the assessment of cardiac injury and toxicity from cancer chemotherapy: a systematic review. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging 2013;6:1080–1091.
Galan-Arriola C, Lobo M, Vilchez-Tschischke JP, Lopez GJ, de Molina-Iracheta A, Perez-Martinez C, Aguero J, Fernandez-Jimenez R, Martin-Garcia A, Oliver E, Villena-Gutierrez R, Pizarro G, Sanchez PL, Fuster V, Sanchez-Gonzalez J, Ibanez B. Serial magnetic resonance imaging to identify early stages of anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity. J Am Coll Cardiol 2019;73:779–791.
Bonaca MP, Olenchock BA, Salem JE, Wiviott SD, Ederhy S, Cohen A, Stewart GC, Choueiri TK, Di Carli M, Allenbach Y, Kumbhani DJ, Heinzerling L, Amiri-Kordestani L, Lyon AR, Thavendiranathan P, Padera R, Lichtman A, Liu PP, Johnson DB, Moslehi J. Myocarditis in the setting of cancer therapeutics: proposed case definitions for emerging clinical syndromes in cardio-oncology. Circulation 2019;140:80–91.
Lee SP, Park JB, Kim HK, Kim YJ, Grogan M, Sohn DW. Contemporary imaging diagnosis of cardiac amyloidosis. J Cardiovasc Imaging 2019;27:1–10.
Mousavi N, Cheezum MK, Aghayev A, Padera R, Vita T, Steigner M, Hulten E, Bittencourt MS, Dorbala S, Di Carli MF, Kwong RY, Dunne R, Blankstein R. Assessment of cardiac masses by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging: histological correlation and clinical outcomes. J Am Heart Assoc 2019;8:e007829.
Sarocchi M, Bauckneht M, Arboscello E, Capitanio S, Marini C, Morbelli S, Miglino M, Congiu AG, Ghigliotti G, Balbi M, Brunelli C, Sambuceti G, Ameri P, Spallarossa P. An increase in myocardial 18-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake is associated with left ventricular ejection fraction decline in Hodgkin lymphoma patients treated with anthracycline. J Transl Med 2018;16:295.
Darby SC, Cutter DJ, Boerma M, Constine LS, Fajardo LF, Kodama K, Mabuchi K, Marks LB, Mettler FA, Pierce LJ, Trott KR, Yeh ET, Shore RE. Radiation-related heart disease: current knowledge and future prospects. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2010;76:656–665.
Lancellotti P, Nkomo VT, Badano LP, Bergler-Klein J, Bogaert J, Davin L, Cosyns B, Coucke P, Dulgheru R, Edvardsen T, Gaemperli O, Galderisi M, Griffin B, Heidenreich PA, Nieman K, Plana JC, Port SC, Scherrer-Crosbie M, Schwartz RG, Sebag IA, Voigt JU, Wann S, Yang PC. Expert consensus for multi-modality imaging evaluation of cardiovascular complications of radiotherapy in adults: a report from the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging and the American Society of Echocardiography. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2013;14:721–740.
Filopei J, Frishman W. Radiation-induced heart disease. Cardiol Rev 2012;20:184–188.
Heidenreich PA, Hancock SL, Lee BK, Mariscal CS, Schnittger I. Asymptomatic cardiac disease following mediastinal irradiation. J Am Coll Cardiol 2003;42:743–749.
Chang HM, Okwuosa TM, Scarabelli T, Moudgil R, Yeh ET. Cardiovascular complications of cancer therapy: best practices in diagnosis, prevention, and management: part 2. J Am Coll Cardiol 2017;70:2552–2565.
Mercurio V, Cuomo A, Della Pepa R, Ciervo D, Cella L, Pirozzi F, Parrella P, Campi G, Franco R, Varricchi G, Abete P, Marone G, Petretta M, Bonaduce D, Pacelli R, Picardi M, Tocchetti CG. What is the cardiac impact of chemotherapy and subsequent radiotherapy in lymphoma patients? Antioxid Redox Signal 2019;31:1166–1174.
van Nimwegen FA, Schaapveld M, Janus CP, Krol AD, Petersen EJ, Raemaekers JM, Kok WE, Aleman BM, van Leeuwen FE. Cardiovascular disease after Hodgkin lymphoma treatment: 40-year disease risk. JAMA Intern Med 2015;175:1007–1017.
Girinsky T, M'Kacher R, Lessard N, Koscielny S, Elfassy E, Raoux F, Carde P, Santos MD, Margainaud JP, Sabatier L, Ghalibafian M, Paul JF. Prospective coronary heart disease screening in asymptomatic Hodgkin lymphoma patients using coronary computed tomography angiography: results and risk factor analysis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014;89:59–66.
Darby SC, Ewertz M, McGale P, Bennet AM, Blom-Goldman U, Bronnum D, Correa C, Cutter D, Gagliardi G, Gigante B, Jensen MB, Nisbet A, Peto R, Rahimi K, Taylor C, Hall P. Risk of ischemic heart disease in women after radiotherapy for breast cancer. N Engl J Med 2013;368:987–998.
Daniels LA, Krol AD, de Graaf MA, Scholte AJ, Van't Veer MB, Putter H, de Roos A, Schalij MJ, Creutzberg CL. Screening for coronary artery disease after mediastinal irradiation in Hodgkin lymphoma survivors: phase II study of indication and acceptance†. Ann Oncol 2014;25:1198–1203.
Meijboom WB, van Mieghem CA, Mollet NR, Pugliese F, Weustink AC, van Pelt N, Cademartiri F, Nieman K, Boersma E, de Jaegere P, Krestin GP, de Feyter PJ. 64-Slice computed tomography coronary angiography in patients with high, intermediate, or low pretest probability of significant coronary artery disease. J Am Coll Cardiol 2007;50:1469–1475.
Newby DE, Adamson PD, Berry C, Boon NA, Dweck MR, Flather M, Forbes J, Hunter A, Lewis S, MacLean S, Mills NL, Norrie J, Roditi G, Shah AS, Timmis AD, van Beek EJ, Williams MC; SCOT-HEART Investigators. Coronary CT angiography and 5-year risk of myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 2018;379:924–933.
Hecht HS, Cronin P, Blaha MJ, Budoff MJ, Kazerooni EA, Narula J, Yankelevitz D, Abbara S. 2016 SCCT/STR guidelines for coronary artery calcium scoring of noncontrast noncardiac chest CT scans: a report of the Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography and Society of Thoracic Radiology. J Thorac Imaging 2017;32:W54–66.
Roos CT, van den Bogaard VA, Greuter MJ, Vliegenthart R, Schuit E, Langendijk JA, van der Schaaf A, Crijns AP, Maduro JH. Is the coronary artery calcium score associated with acute coronary events in breast cancer patients treated with radiotherapy? Radiother Oncol 2018;126:170–176.
Ryan JJ, Archer SL. Emerging concepts in the molecular basis of pulmonary arterial hypertension: part I: metabolic plasticity and mitochondrial dynamics in the pulmonary circulation and right ventricle in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Circulation 2015;131:1691–1702.
Henriksen PA. Anthracycline cardiotoxicity: an update on mechanisms, monitoring and prevention. Heart 2018;104:971–977.
Sandoo A, Kitas GD, Carmichael AR. Endothelial dysfunction as a determinant of trastuzumab-mediated cardiotoxicity in patients with breast cancer. Anticancer Res 2014;34:1147–1151.
Ranchoux B, Meloche J, Paulin R, Boucherat O, Provencher S, Bonnet S. DNA damage and pulmonary hypertension. Int J Mol Sci 2016;17:990.
Tadic M, Cuspidi C, Hering D, Venneri L, Danylenko O. The influence of chemotherapy on the right ventricle: did we forget something? Clin Cardiol 2017;40:437–443.
Nakano S, Takahashi M, Kimura F, Senoo T, Saeki T, Ueda S, Tanno J, Senbonmatsu T, Kasai T, Nishimura S. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging-based myocardial strain study for evaluation of cardiotoxicity in breast cancer patients treated with trastuzumab: a pilot study to evaluate the feasibility of the method. Cardiol J 2016;23:270–280.
Galderisi M, Cosyns B, Edvardsen T, Cardim N, Delgado V, Di Salvo G, Donal E, Sade LE, Ernande L, Garbi M, Grapsa J, Hagendorff A, Kamp O, Magne J, Santoro C, Stefanidis A, Lancellotti P, Popescu B, Habib G; 2016–2018 EACVI Scientific Documents Committee. Standardization of adult transthoracic echocardiography reporting in agreement with recent chamber quantification, diastolic function, and heart valve disease recommendations: an expert consensus document of the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2017;18:1301–1310.
Muraru D, Spadotto V, Cecchetto A, Romeo G, Aruta P, Ermacora D, Jenei C, Cucchini U, Iliceto S, Badano LP. New speckle-tracking algorithm for right ventricular volume analysis from three-dimensional echocardiographic data sets: validation with cardiac magnetic resonance and comparison with the previous analysis tool. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2016;17:1279–1289.
Pepi M, Evangelista A, Nihoyannopoulos P, Flachskampf FA, Athanassopoulos G, Colonna P, Habib G, Ringelstein EB, Sicari R, Zamorano JL, Sitges M, Caso P; European Association of Echocardiography. Recommendations for echocardiography use in the diagnosis and management of cardiac sources of embolism: European Association of Echocardiography (EAE) (a registered branch of the ESC). Eur J Echocardiogr 2010;11:461–476.
Mazokopakis EE, Syros PK, Starakis IK. Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis (marantic endocarditis) in cancer patients. Cardiovasc Hematol Disord Drug Targets 2010;10:84–86.
Zaragoza-Macias E, Chen MA, Gill EA. Real time three-dimensional echocardiography evaluation of intracardiac masses. Echocardiography 2012;29:207–219.
Bhattacharyya S, Khattar R, Senior R. Characterisation of intra-cardiac masses by myocardial contrast echocardiography. Int J Cardiol 2013;163:e11–13.
Xia H, Gan L, Jiang Y, Tang Q, Zhang P, Tang X, Wen L, Liu Z, Gao Y. Use of transesophageal echocardiography and contrast echocardiography in the evaluation of cardiac masses. Int J Cardiol 2017;236:466–472.
Fussen S, De Boeck BW, Zellweger MJ, Bremerich J, Goetschalckx K, Zuber M, Buser PT. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging for diagnosis and clinical management of suspected cardiac masses and tumours. Eur Heart J 2011;32:1551–1560.
Pazos-Lopez P, Pozo E, Siqueira ME, Garcia-Lunar I, Cham M, Jacobi A, Macaluso F, Fuster V, Narula J, Sanz J. Value of CMR for the differential diagnosis of cardiac masses. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2014;7:896–905.
Motwani M, Kidambi A, Herzog BA, Uddin A, Greenwood JP, Plein S. MR imaging of cardiac tumors and masses: a review of methods and clinical applications. Radiology 2013;268:26–43.
Kikuchi Y, Oyama-Manabe N, Manabe O, Naya M, Ito YM, Hatanaka KC, Tsutsui H, Terae S, Tamaki N, Shirato H. Imaging characteristics of cardiac dominant diffuse large B-cell lymphoma demonstrated with MDCT and PET/CT. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2013;40:1337–1344.
Ferreira VM, Holloway CJ, Piechnik SK, Karamitsos TD, Neubauer S. Is it really fat? Ask a T1-map. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2013;14:1060.
Lapinskas T, Kouwenhoven M, Schnackenburg B, Bigvava T, Wassilew K, Gebker R, Jacobs S, Zaliunas R, Pieske B, Kelle S. Cardiac MRI quantitative tissue characterization of right atrial mass using mDixon and parametric mapping. Clin Res Cardiol 2017;106:840–845.
Young PM, Foley TA, Araoz PA, Williamson EE. Computed tomography imaging of cardiac masses. Radiol Clin North Am 2019;57:75–84.
Rahbar K, Seifarth H, Schafers M, Stegger L, Hoffmeier A, Spieker T, Tiemann K, Maintz D, Scheld HH, Schober O, Weckesser M. Differentiation of malignant and benign cardiac tumors using 18F-FDG PET/CT. J Nucl Med 2012;53:856–863.
Patel KS, Hawkins PN. Cardiac amyloidosis: where are we today? J Intern Med 2015;278:126–144.
Falk RH, Alexander KM, Liao R, Dorbala S. AL (light-chain) cardiac amyloidosis: a review of diagnosis and therapy. J Am Coll Cardiol 2016;68:1323–1341.
Martinez-Naharro A, Treibel TA, Abdel-Gadir A, Bulluck H, Zumbo G, Knight DS, Kotecha T, Francis R, Hutt DF, Rezk T, Rosmini S, Quarta CC, Whelan CJ, Kellman P, Gillmore JD, Moon JC, Hawkins PN, Fontana M. Magnetic resonance in transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis. J Am Coll Cardiol 2017;70:466–477.
Maurer MS, Elliott P, Comenzo R, Semigran M, Rapezzi C. Addressing common questions encountered in the diagnosis and management of cardiac amyloidosis. Circulation 2017;135:1357–1377.
Buss SJ, Emami M, Mereles D, Korosoglou G, Kristen AV, Voss A, Schellberg D, Zugck C, Galuschky C, Giannitsis E, Hegenbart U, Ho AD, Katus HA, Schonland SO, Hardt SE. Longitudinal left ventricular function for prediction of survival in systemic light-chain amyloidosis: incremental value compared with clinical and biochemical markers. J Am Coll Cardiol 2012;60:1067–1076.
Phelan D, Collier P, Thavendiranathan P, Popovic ZB, Hanna M, Plana JC, Marwick TH, Thomas JD. Relative apical sparing of longitudinal strain using two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography is both sensitive and specific for the diagnosis of cardiac amyloidosis. Heart 2012;98:1442–1448.
Baccouche H, Maunz M, Beck T, Gaa E, Banzhaf M, Knayer U, Fogarassy P, Beyer M. Differentiating cardiac amyloidosis and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy by use of three-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography. Echocardiography 2012;29:668–677.
Williams LK, Forero JF, Popovic ZB, Phelan D, Delgado D, Rakowski H, Wintersperger BJ, Thavendiranathan P. Patterns of CMR measured longitudinal strain and its association with late gadolinium enhancement in patients with cardiac amyloidosis and its mimics. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2017;19:61.
Nicol M, Baudet M, Brun S, Harel S, Royer B, Vignon M, Lairez O, Lavergne D, Jaccard A, Attias D, Macron L, Gayat E, Cohen-Solal A, Arnulf B, Logeart D. Diagnostic score of cardiac involvement in AL amyloidosis. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2020;21:542–548.
Pozo E, Kanwar A, Deochand R, Castellano JM, Naib T, Pazos-Lopez P, Osman K, Cham M, Narula J, Fuster V, Sanz J. Cardiac magnetic resonance evaluation of left ventricular remodelling distribution in cardiac amyloidosis. Heart 2014;100:1688–1695.
Shah R, Nucifora G, Perry R, Selvanayagam JB. Noninvasive imaging in cardiac deposition diseases. J Magn Reson Imaging 2018;47:44–59.
Haaf P, Garg P, Messroghli DR, Broadbent DA, Greenwood JP, Plein S. Cardiac T1 mapping and extracellular volume (ECV) in clinical practice: a comprehensive review. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2016;18:89.
Martinez-Naharro A, Kotecha T, Norrington K, Boldrini M, Rezk T, Quarta C, Treibel TA, Whelan CJ, Knight DS, Kellman P, Ruberg FL, Gillmore JD, Moon JC, Hawkins PN, Fontana M. Native T1 and extracellular volume in transthyretin amyloidosis. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2019;12:810–819.
Manwani R, Page J, Lane T, Burniston M, Skillen A, Lachmann HJ, Gillmore JD, Fontana M, Whelan C, Hawkins PN, Wagner T, Wechalekar AD. A pilot study demonstrating cardiac uptake with 18F-florbetapir PET in AL amyloidosis patients with cardiac involvement. Amyloid 2018;25:247–252.
Ehman EC, El-Sady MS, Kijewski MF, Khor YM, Jacob S, Ruberg FL, Sanchorawala V, Landau H, Yee AJ, Bianchi G, Di Carli MF, Falk RH, Hyun H, Dorbala S. Early detection of multiorgan light chain (AL) amyloidosis by whole body (18)F-florbetapir PET/CT. J Nucl Med 2019;60:1234–1239.
Hutt DF, Quigley AM, Page J, Hall ML, Burniston M, Gopaul D, Lane T, Whelan CJ, Lachmann HJ, Gillmore JD, Hawkins PN, Wechalekar AD. Utility and limitations of 3,3-diphosphono-1,2-propanodicarboxylic acid scintigraphy in systemic amyloidosis. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2014;15:1289–1298.
Ha J, Tan W. Gastrointestinal carcinoid tumours: a review. J Gastrointest Dig Syst 2012;2:107.
Patel C, Mathur M, Escarcega RO, Bove AA. Carcinoid heart disease: current understanding and future directions. Am Heart J 2014;167:789–795.
Studer Bruengger AA, Wechalekar K, Khattar R, Rosen SD, Robertus JL, Chau I, Morganstein D, Rosendahl U, Lyon A, Mohiaddin R. Histologically proven myocardial carcinoid metastases: the value of multimodality imaging. Can J Cardiol 2017;33:1336.e9–12.
Pandya UH, Pellikka PA, Enriquez-Sarano M, Edwards WD, Schaff HV, Connolly HM. Metastatic carcinoid tumor to the heart: echocardiographic-pathologic study of 11 patients. J Am Coll Cardiol 2002;40:1328–1332.
Wong KK, Waterfield RT, Marzola MC, Scarsbrook AF, Chowdhury FU, Gross MD, Rubello D. Contemporary nuclear medicine imaging of neuroendocrine tumours. Clin Radiol 2012;67:1035–1050.
Davar J, Connolly HM, Caplin ME, Pavel M, Zacks J, Bhattacharyya S, Cuthbertson DJ, Dobson R, Grozinsky-Glasberg S, Steeds RP, Dreyfus G, Pellikka PA, Toumpanakis C. Diagnosing and managing carcinoid heart disease in patients with neuroendocrine tumors: an expert statement. J Am Coll Cardiol 2017;69:1288–1304.
Korosoglou G, Giusca S, Hofmann NP, Patel AR, Lapinskas T, Pieske B, Steen H, Katus HA, Kelle S. Strain-encoded magnetic resonance: a method for the assessment of myocardial deformation. ESC Heart Fail 2019;6:584–602.
PROactive Evaluation of Function to Avoid CardioToxicity (PROACT). ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT0386131. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?recrs=ab&cond=Cardiotoxicity&term=NCT03862131&cntry=US&state=&city=&dist= (9 July 2020).
Muehlberg F, Funk S, Zange L, von Knobelsdorff-Brenkenhoff F, Blaszczyk E, Schulz A, Ghani S, Reichardt A, Reichardt P, Schulz-Menger J. Native myocardial T1 time can predict development of subsequent anthracycline-induced cardiomyopathy. ESC Heart Fail 2018;5:620–629.
Cheng HZ, Zhu X, Smith AM, Qian Y, O'Quinn R, Silvestry F, Han Y, Scherrer-Crosbie M, Ferrari V, Duffy K, Jagasia D, Davatzikos C, Fan Y, Ky B. The use of machine learning to predict doxorubicin cardiotoxicity. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2018;71:1465.
Favreau-Lessard AJ, Sawyer DB, Francis SA. Anthracycline cardiomyopathy: the plot gets thinner. Circ Heart Fail 2018;11:e005194.
Gillam LD, Leipsic J, Weissman NJ. Use of imaging endpoints in clinical trials. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2017;10:296–303.