Ethics; European Union; Informed consent; Traumatic brain injury; Article; Europe
Abstract :
[en] Purpose: Enrolling traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients with an inability to provide informed consent in research is challenging. Alternatives to patient consent are not sufficiently embedded in European and national legislation, which allows procedural variation and bias. We aimed to quantify variations in informed consent policy and practice. Methods: Variation was explored in the CENTER-TBI study. Policies were reported by using a questionnaire and national legislation. Data on used informed consent procedures were available for 4498 patients from 57 centres across 17 European countries. Results: Variation in the use of informed consent procedures was found between and within EU member states. Proxy informed consent (N = 1377;64%) was the most frequently used type of consent in the ICU, followed by patient informed consent (N = 426;20%) and deferred consent (N = 334;16%). Deferred consent was only actively used in 15 centres (26%), although it was considered valid in 47 centres (82%). Conclusions: Alternatives to patient consent are essential for TBI research. While there seems to be concordance amongst national legislations, there is regional variability in institutional practices with respect to the use of different informed consent procedures. Variation could be caused by several reasons, including inconsistencies in clear legislation or knowledge of such legislation amongst researchers.
Research center :
CENTER-TBI
Disciplines :
Neurosciences & behavior
Author, co-author :
van Wijk, R. P. J.; University Neurosurgical Center Holland, LUMC, HMC & HAGA, Leiden & The Hague, Netherlands, Dept. of Neurosurgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands, Dept. of Neurosurgery, Medical Center Haaglanden, The Hague, Netherlands
van Dijck, J. T. J. M.; University Neurosurgical Center Holland, LUMC, HMC & HAGA, Leiden & The Hague, Netherlands, Dept. of Neurosurgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands, Dept. of Neurosurgery, Medical Center Haaglanden, The Hague, Netherlands
Timmers, M.; Department of Intensive Care, Erasmus MC - University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands, Department of Intensive Care, Department of Ethics and Philosophy of Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
van Veen, E.; Department of Intensive Care, Erasmus MC - University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands, Centre for Medical Decision Making, Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC - University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
Citerio, G.; School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy, San Gerardo Hospital, ASST, Monza, Italy, School of Medicine and Surgery, Università Milano Bicocca, Milano, Italy, NeuroIntensive Care, ASST di Monza, Monza, Italy
Lingsma, H. F.; Centre for Medical Decision Making, Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC - University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
Maas, A. I. R.; Department of Neurosurgery, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium, Department of Neurosurgery, Antwerp University Hospital and University of Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium
Menon, D. K.; Department of Anaesthesia, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
Peul, W. C.; University Neurosurgical Center Holland, LUMC, HMC & HAGA, Leiden & The Hague, Netherlands
Stocchetti, N.; Department of Physiopathology and Transplantation, Milan University, Milan, Italy, Neuro ICU Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milano, Milan, Italy, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Milan University, Neuroscience ICU, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
Kompanje, E. J. O.; Department of Intensive Care, Erasmus MC - University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands, Department of Medical Ethics and Philosophy of Medicine, Erasmus MC – University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
Åkerlund, C.; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Section of Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
Amrein, K.; János Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
Andelic, N.; Division of Surgery and Clinical Neuroscience, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
Andreassen, L.; Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Northern Norway, Tromso, Norway
Anke, A.; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University Hospital Northern Norway, Tromso, Norway
Antoni, A.; Trauma Surgery, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
Audibert, G.; Department of Anesthesiology & Intensive Care, University Hospital Nancy, Nancy, France
Azouvi, P.; Raymond Poincare hospital, Hopitaux de Paris, Paris, France
Azzolini, M. L.; Department of Anesthesiology & Intensive Care, S Raffaele University Hospital, Milan, Italy
Bartels, R.; Department of Neurosurgery, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
Barzó, P.; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
Beauvais, R.; International Projects Management, ARTTIC, Munchen, Germany
Beer, R.; Department of Neurology, Neurological Intensive Care Unit, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
Bellander, B.-M.; Department of Neurosurgery & Anesthesia & intensive care medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
Belli, A.; NIHR Surgical Reconstruction and Microbiology Research Centre, Birmingham, United Kingdom
Benali, H.; Anesthesie-Réanimation, Hopitaux de Paris, Paris, France
Berardino, M.; Department of Anesthesia & ICU, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino - Orthopedic and Trauma Center, Torino, Italy
Beretta, L.; Department of Anesthesiology & Intensive Care, S Raffaele University Hospital, Milan, Italy
Blaabjerg, M.; Department of Neurology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
Bragge, P.; BehaviourWorks Australia, Monash Sustainability Institute, Monash UniversityVictoria, Australia
Brazinova, A.; Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences and Social Work, Trnava University, Trnava, Slovakia
Brinck, V.; Quesgen Systems Inc, Burlingame, CA, United States
Brooker, J.; Australian & New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
Brorsson, C.; Department of Surgery and Perioperative Science, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
Buki, A.; Department of Neurosurgery, Medical School, Hungary and Neurotrauma Research Group, János Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Hungary
Bullinger, M.; Department of Medical Psychology, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
Cabeleira, M.; Brain Physics Lab, Division of Neurosurgery, Dept of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
Caccioppola, A.; Neuro ICU, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
Calappi, E.; Neuro ICU, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
Calvi, M. R.; Department of Anesthesiology & Intensive Care, S Raffaele University Hospital, Milan, Italy
Cameron, P.; ANZIC Research Centre, Monash University, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Lozano, G. C.; Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital of Cruces, Bilbao, Spain
Carbonara, M.; Neuro ICU, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
Cavallo, S.; Department of Anesthesia & ICU, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino - Orthopedic and Trauma Center, Torino, Italy
Chevallard, G.; NeuroIntensive Care, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy
Chieregato, A.; NeuroIntensive Care, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy
Ceyisakar, I.; Department of Public Health, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
Coburn, M.; Department of Anaesthesiology, University Hospital of Aachen, Aachen, Germany
Coles, J.; Department of Anesthesia & Neurointensive Care, Cambridge University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
Cooper, J. D.; School of Public Health & PM, Monash University and The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Correia, M.; Radiology/MRI department, MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, Cambridge, United Kingdom
Čović, A.; Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
Curry, N.; Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
Czeiter, E.; Department of Neurosurgery, Medical School, Hungary and Neurotrauma Research Group, János Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Hungary
Czosnyka, M.; Brain Physics Lab, Division of Neurosurgery, Dept of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
Dahyot-Fizelier, C.; Intensive Care Unit, CHU Poitiers, Potiers, France
Dark, P.; University of Manchester NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Critical Care Directorate, Salford Royal Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, United Kingdom
Dawes, H.; Movement Science Group, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom
De Keyser, Véronique ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de Psychologie > Département de Psychologie
Degos, V.; Anesthesie-Réanimation, Hopitaux de Paris, Paris, France
Corte, F. D.; Department of Anesthesia & Intensive Care, Maggiore Della Carità Hospital, Novara, Italy
den Boogert, H.; Department of Neurosurgery, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
Depreitere, B.; Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
Đilvesi, Đ.; Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical centre of Vojvodina, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
Dixit, A.; Division of Anaesthesia, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
Donoghue, E.; Australian & New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
Dreier, J.; Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
Dulière, G.-L.; Intensive Care Unit, CHR Citadelle, Liège, Belgium
Ercole, A.; Division of Anaesthesia, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
Esser, P.; Movement Science Group, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom
Ezer, E.; Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
Fabricius, M.; Departments of Neurology, Clinical Neurophysiology and Neuroanesthesiology, Region Hovedstaden Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
Feigin, V. L.; National Institute for Stroke and Applied Neurosciences, Faculty of Health and Environmental Studies, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
Foks, K.; Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
Frisvold, S.; Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive care, University Hospital Northern Norway, Tromso, Norway
Furmanov, A.; Department of Neurosurgery, Hadassah-hebrew University Medical center, Jerusalem, Israel
Gagliardo, P.; Fundación Instituto Valenciano de Neurorrehabilitación (FIVAN), Valencia, Spain
Galanaud, D.; Anesthesie-Réanimation, Hopitaux de Paris, Paris, France
Gantner, D.; ANZIC Research Centre, Monash University, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Gao, G.; Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Renji hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University/school of medicine, Shanghai, China
George, Pradeep
Ghuysen, Alexandre ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des sciences de la santé publique > Simulation médicale en situation critique
Giga, L.; Neurosurgery clinic, Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital, Riga, Latvia
Glocker, B.; Department of Computing, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
Golubovic, J.; Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical centre of Vojvodina, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
Gomez, P. A.; Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
Gratz, J.; Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
Gravesteijn, B.; Department of Public Health, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
Grossi, F.; Department of Anesthesia & Intensive Care, Maggiore Della Carità Hospital, Novara, Italy
Gruen, R. L.; College of Health and Medicine, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
Gupta, D.; Department of Neurosurgery, Neurosciences Centre & JPN Apex trauma centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
Haagsma, J. A.; Department of Public Health, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
Haitsma, I.; Department of Neurosurgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
Helbok, R.; Department of Neurology, Neurological Intensive Care Unit, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
Helseth, E.; Department of Neurosurgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
Horton, L.; Division of Psychology, University of Stirling, Stirling, United Kingdom
Huijben, J.; Department of Public Health, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
Hutchinson, P. J.; Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Addenbrooke's Hospital & University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
Jacobs, B.; Department of Neurology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
Jankowski, S.; Neurointensive Care, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom
Jarrett, M.; Quesgen Systems Inc, Burlingame, CA, United States
Jiang, J.-Y.; Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Renji hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University/school of medicine, Shanghai, China
Johnson, F.; Salford Royal Hospital NHS Foundation Trust Acute Research Delivery Team, Salford, United Kingdom
Jones, K.; National Institute for Stroke and Applied Neurosciences, Faculty of Health and Environmental Studies, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
Karan, M.; Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical centre of Vojvodina, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
Kolias, A. G.; Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Addenbrooke's Hospital & University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
Kompanje, E.; Department of Intensive Care, Department of Ethics and Philosophy of Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
Kondziella, D.; Departments of Neurology, Clinical Neurophysiology and Neuroanesthesiology, Region Hovedstaden Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
Koraropoulos, E.; Division of Anaesthesia, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
Koskinen, L.-O.; Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Neurosurgery, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
Kovács, N.; Hungarian Brain Research Program - Grant No. KTIA_13_NAP-A-II/8, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
Kowark, A.; Department of Anaesthesiology, University Hospital of Aachen, Aachen, Germany
Lagares, A.; Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
Lanyon, L.; Karolinska Institutet, INCF International Neuroinformatics Coordinating Facility, Stockholm, Sweden
Laureys, Steven ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Centre du Cerveau² > Giga Consciousness-Coma Science Group
Lecky, F.; Centre for Urgent and Emergency Care Research (CURE), Health Services Research Section, School of Health and Related Research (ScHARR), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom, Emergency Department, Salford Royal Hospital, Salford, United Kingdom
Ledoux, Didier ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des sciences cliniques > Département des sciences cliniques
Lefering, R.; Institute of Research in Operative Medicine (IFOM), Witten/Herdecke University, Cologne, Germany
Legrand, Victor ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des sciences cliniques > Département des sciences cliniques
Lejeune, André ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département ArGEnCo > Département ArGEnCo
Levi, L.; Department of Neurosurgery, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
Lightfoot, R.; Department of Anesthesiology & Intensive Care, University Hospitals Southhampton NHS Trust, Southhampton, United Kingdom
Lingsma, H.; Department of Public Health, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
Castaño-León, A. M.; Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
Maegele, M.; Cologne-Merheim Medical Center (CMMC), Department of Traumatology, Orthopedic Surgery and Sportmedicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Cologne, Germany
Majdan, M.; Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences and Social Work, Trnava University, Trnava, Slovakia
Manara, A.; Intensive Care Unit, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
Manley, G.; Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
Martino, C.; Department of Anesthesia & Intensive Care, M. Bufalini Hospital, Cesena, Italy
Maréchal, H.; Intensive Care Unit, CHR Citadelle, Liège, Belgium
Mattern, J.; Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
McMahon, C.; Department of Neurosurgery, The Walton centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom
Melegh, B.; Department of Medical Genetics, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
Menon, D.; Division of Anaesthesia, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
Menovsky, T.; Department of Neurosurgery, Antwerp University Hospital and University of Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium
Misset, Benoît ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de pharmacie > Département de pharmacie
Mulazzi, D.; Neuro ICU, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
Muraleedharan, V.; Karolinska Institutet, INCF International Neuroinformatics Coordinating Facility, Stockholm, Sweden
Murray, L.; ANZIC Research Centre, Monash University, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Negru, A.; Department of Neurosurgery, Emergency County Hospital Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
Nelson, D.; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Section of Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
Newcombe, V.; Division of Anaesthesia, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
Nieboer, D.; Department of Public Health, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
Nyirádi, J.; János Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
Olubukola, O.; Centre for Urgent and Emergency Care Research (CURE), Health Services Research Section, School of Health and Related Research (ScHARR), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
Oresic, M.; School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Ortolano, F.; Neuro ICU, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
Palotie, A.; Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland ; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine; Psychiatric & Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States ; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, The Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
Parizel, P. M.; Department of Radiology, University of Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium
Payen, J.-F.; Department of Anesthesiology & Intensive Care, University Hospital of Grenoble, Grenoble, France
Perera, N.; International Projects Management, ARTTIC, Munchen, Germany
Perlbarg, V.; Anesthesie-Réanimation, Hopitaux de Paris, Paris, France
Persona, P.; Department of Anesthesia & Intensive Care, Azienda Ospedaliera Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
Peul, W.; Dept. of Neurosurgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands, Dept. of Neurosurgery, Medical Center Haaglanden, The Hague, Netherlands
Piippo-Karjalainen, A.; Department of Neurosurgery, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland
Pirinen, M.; Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Ples, H.; Department of Neurosurgery, Emergency County Hospital Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
Polinder, S.; Department of Public Health, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
Pomposo, I.; Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital of Cruces, Bilbao, Spain
Posti, J. P.; Division of Clinical Neurosciences, Department of Neurosurgery and Turku Brain Injury Centre, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
Puybasset, L.; Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Pitié -Salpêtrière Teaching Hospital, Hôpitaux de Paris and University Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
Radoi, A.; Neurotraumatology and Neurosurgery Research Unit (UNINN), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
Ragauskas, A.; Department of Neurosurgery, Kaunas University of technology and Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
Raj, R.; Department of Neurosurgery, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland
Rambadagalla, M.; Department of Neurosurgery, Rezekne Hospital, Latvia
Rhodes, J.; Department of Anaesthesia, Critical Care & Pain Medicine NHS Lothian, University of Edinburg, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Richardson, S.; MRC Biostatistics Unit, Cambridge Institute of Public Health, Cambridge, United Kingdom
Richter, S.; Division of Anaesthesia, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
Ripatti, S.; Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Rocka, S.; Department of Neurosurgery, Kaunas University of technology and Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
Roe, C.; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Oslo University Hospital/University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
Roise, O.; Division of Orthopedics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway, Institue of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
Rosand, J.; Broad Institute, Cambridge MA, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
Rosenfeld, J. V.; National Trauma Research Institute, The Alfred Hospital, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Rosenlund, C.; Department of Neurosurgery, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
Rosenthal, G.; Department of Neurosurgery, Hadassah-hebrew University Medical center, Jerusalem, Israel
Rossaint, R.; Department of Anaesthesiology, University Hospital of Aachen, Aachen, Germany
Rossi, S.; Department of Anesthesia & Intensive Care, Azienda Ospedaliera Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
Rueckert, D.; Department of Computing, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
Rusnák, M.; International Neurotrauma Research Organisation, Vienna, Austria
Sahuquillo, J.; Neurotraumatology and Neurosurgery Research Unit (UNINN), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
Sakowitz, O.; Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, Klinik für Neurochirurgie, Klinikum Ludwigsburg, Ludwigsburg, Germany
Sanchez-Porras, R.; Klinik für Neurochirurgie, Klinikum Ludwigsburg, Ludwigsburg, Germany
Sandor, J.; Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
Schäfer, N.; Institute of Research in Operative Medicine (IFOM), Witten/Herdecke University, Cologne, Germany
Schmidt, S.; Department Health and Prevention, University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
Schoechl, H.; Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, AUVA Trauma Hospital, Salzburg, Austria
Schoonman, G.; Department of Neurology, Elisabeth-TweeSteden Ziekenhuis, Tilburg, Netherlands
Schou, R. F.; Department of Neuroanesthesia and Neurointensive Care, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
Schwendenwein, E.; Trauma Surgery, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
Sewalt, C.; Department of Public Health, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
Skandsen, T.; Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, St.Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
Smielewski, P.; Brain Physics Lab, Division of Neurosurgery, Dept of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
Sorinola, A.; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
Stamatakis, E.; Division of Anaesthesia, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
Stanworth, S.; Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
Stevens, R.; Division of Neuroscience Critical Care, John Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States
Stewart, W.; Department of Neuropathology, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
Steyerberg, E. W.; Department of Public Health, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands, Dept. of Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
Sundström, N.; Department of Radiation Sciences, Biomedical Engineering, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
Synnot, A.; Australian & New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia, Cochrane Consumers and Communication Review Group, Centre for Health Communication and Participation, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
Takala, R.; Perioperative Services, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Management, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
Tamás, V.; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
Tamosuitis, T.; Department of Neurosurgery, Kaunas University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
Taylor, M. S.; Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences and Social Work, Trnava University, Trnava, Slovakia
Ao, B. T.; National Institute for Stroke and Applied Neurosciences, Faculty of Health and Environmental Studies, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
Tenovuo, O.; Division of Clinical Neurosciences, Department of Neurosurgery and Turku Brain Injury Centre, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
Theadom, A.; National Institute for Stroke and Applied Neurosciences, Faculty of Health and Environmental Studies, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
Thomas, M.; Intensive Care Unit, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
Tibboel, D.; Intensive Care and Department of Pediatric Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands
Tolias, C.; Department of Neurosurgery, Kings college London, London, United Kingdom
Trapani, T.; ANZIC Research Centre, Monash University, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Tudora, C. M.; Department of Neurosurgery, Emergency County Hospital Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
Vallance, S.; ANZIC Research Centre, Monash University, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Valeinis, E.; Neurosurgery clinic, Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital, Riga, Latvia
Vámos, Z.; Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
Van der Steen, G.; Department of Neurosurgery, Antwerp University Hospital and University of Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium
van der Naalt, J.; Department of Neurology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
van Essen, T. A.; Dept. of Neurosurgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands, Dept. of Neurosurgery, Medical Center Haaglanden, The Hague, Netherlands
Van Hecke, W.; icoMetrix NV, Leuven, Belgium
van Heugten, C.; Movement Science Group, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom
Van Praag, D.; Psychology Department, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
Vyvere, T. V.; icoMetrix NV, Leuven, Belgium
Vargiolu, A.; NeuroIntensive Care, ASST di Monza, Monza, Italy
Vega, E.; Department of Anesthesiology-Intensive Care, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
Velt, K.; Department of Public Health, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
Verheyden, J.; icoMetrix NV, Leuven, Belgium
Vespa, P. M.; Director of Neurocritical Care, University of California, Los Angeles, United States
Vik, A.; Department of Neuroanesthesia and Neurointensive Care, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark, Department of Neurosurgery, St.Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
Vilcinis, R.; Department of Neurosurgery, Kaunas University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
Volovici, V.; Department of Neurosurgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
von Steinbüchel, N.; Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
Voormolen, D.; Department of Public Health, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
Vulekovic, P.; Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical centre of Vojvodina, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
Wang, K. K. W.; Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
Wiegers, E.; Department of Public Health, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
Williams, G.; Division of Anaesthesia, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
Wilson, L.; Division of Psychology, University of Stirling, Stirling, United Kingdom
Winzeck, S.; Division of Anaesthesia, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
Wolf, S.; Department of Neurosurgery, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
Yang, Z.; Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
Ylén, P.; VTT Technical Research Centre, Tampere, Finland
Younsi, A.; Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
Zeiler, F. A.; Division of Anaesthesia, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom, Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
Zelinkova, V.; Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences and Social Work, Trnava University, Trnava, Slovakia
Ziverte, A.; Neurosurgery clinic, Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital, Riga, Latvia
Zoerle, T.; Neuro ICU, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
Informed consent procedures in patients with an acute inability to provide informed consent: Policy and practice in the CENTER-TBI study
Publication date :
2020
Journal title :
Journal of Critical Care
ISSN :
0883-9441
eISSN :
1557-8615
Publisher :
W. B. Saunders Co., United Kingdom
Volume :
59
Pages :
6-15
Peer reviewed :
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi
European Projects :
FP7 - 602150 - CENTER-TBI - Collaborative European NeuroTrauma Effectiveness Research in TBI
Funders :
NIHR - National Institute for Health Research [GB] ZNS Hannelore Kohl Stiftung [DE] One Mind [US-WA] [US-WA] Integra LifeSciences [US-NJ] [US-NJ] UE - Union Européenne [BE] CE - Commission Européenne [BE]
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