[en] Aim – The amount of gene flow between parapatric species can be greatly variable depending on how species boundaries are maintained in respect to numerous genetic and ecological factors that affect the strength of reproductive isolation. We quantified this variability to understand its effect on the genetic integrity of a well-studied pair of hybridizing amphibians.
Location – Central and Eastern Europe
Taxa – The fire- and yellow-bellied toads Bombina bombina and B. variegata.
Methods – We first complemented the mitochondrial phylogeography of European Bombina by barcoding additional populations and built MaxEnt species distribution models to identify the routes of post-glacial colonization that led to hybrid zone formation. Second, we targeted the areas of parapatry in Poland and Ukraine to assess nuclear admixture by population genetics (PCA, Bayesian clustering) of allozyme and genomic markers (RAD-seq). Third, we harvested the rich Bombina literature to thoroughly compare the extent of geographic introgression across eleven transitions altogether, using cline analyses when possible.
Results – We found sharp (2-11km wide) but leaky transitions (geographically extensive traces of introgression) in all parapatric areas, either measured from a few allozymes or thousands of species-diagnostic SNPs, and irrespective of the intraspecific lineages involved or the relative ages since first contact.
Main conclusion – Bombina species are permeable to gene flow despite selection against hybrids that retards but cannot ultimately prevent putatively neutral introgression into the parental gene pools. Although local hybrid swarms face genetic assimilation, the species’ integrities remain intact due to their large geographic ranges and ecological differentiation that enforces tight boundaries regardless of the biogeographic attributes of the contacts. Opposing the great variability of introgression patterns found between cryptic species, these results support that gene flow should not be viewed as a force of despeciation when reproductive isolation involves multiple intrinsic and extrinsic barriers.
Research center :
FOCUS - Freshwater and OCeanic science Unit of reSearch - ULiège
Disciplines :
Genetics & genetic processes Zoology
Author, co-author :
Dufresnes, Christophe; Nanjing Forestry University > College of the Biology and the Environment > LASER
Suchan, Thomasz; Polish Academy of Sciences
Smirnov, Nazar A.; Chernivtsi Regional Museum
Denoël, Mathieu ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de Biologie, Ecologie et Evolution > Laboratoire d'Écologie et de Conservation des Amphibiens
Rosanov, Juriyi M.; Russian Academy of Sciences
Litvinchuk, Spartak M.; Dagestan State University
Language :
English
Title :
Revisiting a speciation classic: Comparative analyses support sharp but leaky transitions between Bombina toads
Publication date :
March 2021
Journal title :
Journal of Biogeography
ISSN :
0305-0270
eISSN :
1365-2699
Publisher :
Blackwell, Oxford, United Kingdom
Volume :
48
Issue :
3
Pages :
548-560
Peer reviewed :
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi
Funders :
F.R.S.-FNRS - Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique [BE] PAN - Polish Academy of Sciences [PL] RFBR - Russian Foundation for Basic Research [RU]
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