forming process; deep drawing; material characterization
Abstract :
[en] This work presents an experimental characterization of the mechanical behaviour of the EK4 deep drawing steel. The experimental procedure encompasses spectrometry, rnetalography, tension testing and hardness measurements. Special attention is devoted to the derivation of the elastic and plastic parameters involved in the assumed constitutive model based on the anisotropic Hill-48 yield criterion. The simulation of the deformation process during the whole tensile test is subsequently performed with the aim of assessing the adequateness of the proposed methodology. It should be mentioned that the material parameters obtained with this procedure are the basic data for the modelling and experimental validation of different deep drawing applications presented in Part II of this work. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
DIN 1623 Specification, Cold reduced sheet and strip technical delivery conditions, mild unalloyed steels for vitreous enamelling, Deutsche Norm, Deutsches Institut für Normung, 1987.
ASTM E8-88 Specification, Standard Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, American Society for Testing and Materials, 1988.
DIN 50145 Specification, Testing of metallic materials, Deutsche Norm, Deutsches Institut für Normung, 1988.
ASTM E646-00 Specification, Standard Test Method for Tensile Strain-hardening Exponents (n-values) of Metallic Sheet Materials, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, American Society for Testing and Materials, 2000.
ASTM E517-87 Specification, Plastic Strain Ratio R for Sheet Metal, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, American Society for Testing and Materials, 1988.
F.G. Flores, and E. Oñate A basic thin shell triangle with only translational DOFs for large strain plasticity Int. J. Num. Meth. Eng. 51 2001 57 83
R. Hill A theory of the yielding and plastic flow of anisotropic metals Proc. Royal Society London A193 1948 281 297
STAMPACK, A General Finite Element System for Sheet Stamping Forming Problems, Version 5.6, Quantech ATZ S.A., Barcelona, Spain, 2001.
NUMISHEET 1996, in: J.K. Lee, G.L. Kinzel, R.H. Wagoner (Eds.), Proceedings of the Third International Conference and Workshop on Numerical Simulation of 3D Sheet Forming Processes, 1996.
NUMISHEET 1999, in: J.C. Gelin, P. Picart (Eds.), Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference and Workshop on Numerical Simulation of 3D Sheet Forming Processes, 1999.
NUMISHEET 2002, in: D.-Y. Yang, S.I. Oh, H. Huh, Y.H. Kim (Eds.), Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference and Workshop on Numerical Simulation of 3D Sheet Forming Processes, 2002.
J. Lubliner Plasticity Theory 1990 Macmillan Publishing
G. Dieter Mechanical Metallurgy - SI Metric Edition 1988 McGraw-Hill Book Company London
P. Bridgman Studies in Large Plastic and Fracture 1952 McGraw-Hill Book Company London
E. Cabezas, and D. Celentano Experimental and numerical analysis of the tensile test using sheet specimens Finite Elements Anal. Des. 40 2004 555 575
L. Malvern Introduction to the Mechanics of a Continuous Medium 1969 Prentice-Hall Englewood Cliffs