Théorisation de l’accumulation primitive dans L’Impérialisme et dans La condition de l’homme moderne : Hannah Arendt, lectrice de Rosa Luxemburg

Scholars have often highlighted the legacy of Rosa Luxemburg in Hannah Arendt's thought, particularly with regard to Arendt's work about imperialism. Yet in the latter, Arendt mentions Luxemburg's work very little. My hypothesis is that one can understand Luxemburg's legacy in Arendt's "Imperialism" by reading this text in the light of Arendt’s anthropological theses in "The Human Condition". I suggest that in "The Human Condition", Arendt theorized the problem of the "primitive accumulation of capital" on the basis of Luxemburg's thought, but she displaced it from an economical perspective to an anthropological and political one. On this basis, I argue that Arendt’s theses about the nation-state can only be completely understood in the light of her work about the 19th century imperialism.