gravitation; gravitational lensing; radio continuum: galaxies
Abstract :
[en] We report the final results of the search for gravitationally lensed flat-spectrum radio sources found in the combination of CLASS (Cosmic Lens All-Sky Survey) and JVAS (Jodrell Bank VLA Astrometric Survey). VLA (Very Large Array) observations of 16503 sources have been made, resulting in the largest sample of arcsec-scale lens systems available. Contained within the 16503 sources is a complete sample of 11685 sources which have two-point spectral indices between 1.4 and 5 GHz flatter than -0.5, and 5-GHz flux densities >=30 mJy. A subset of 8958 sources form a well-defined statistical sample suitable for analysis of the lens statistics. We describe the systematic process by which 149 candidate lensed sources were picked from the statistical sample on the basis of possessing multiple compact components in the 0.2-arcsec resolution VLA maps. Candidates were followed up with 0.05-arcsec resolution MERLIN and 0.003-arcsec VLBA observations at 5 GHz and rejected as lens systems if they failed well-defined surface brightness and/or morphological tests. To illustrate the candidate elimination process, we show examples of sources representative of particular morphologies that have been ruled out by the follow-up observations. 194 additional candidates, not in the well-defined sample, were also followed up. Maps for all the candidates can be found on the World Wide Web at <externallink type="url">http://www.jb.man.ac.uk/research/gravlens/index.html</A>. We summarize the properties of each of the 22 gravitational lens systems in JVAS/CLASS. 12 are double-image systems, nine are four-image systems and one is a six-image system. 13 constitute a statistically well-defined sample giving a point-source lensing rate of 1:690 +/- 190. The interpretation of the results in terms of the properties of the lensing galaxy population and cosmological parameters will be published elsewhere.
Disciplines :
Space science, astronomy & astrophysics
Author, co-author :
Browne, I. W. A.; University of Manchester, Jodrell Bank Observatory, Nr. Macclesfield, Cheshire SK11 9DL
Wilkinson, P. N.; University of Manchester, Jodrell Bank Observatory, Nr. Macclesfield, Cheshire SK11 9DL
Jackson, N. J. F.; University of Manchester, Jodrell Bank Observatory, Nr. Macclesfield, Cheshire SK11 9DL
Myers, S. T.; National Radio Astronomy Observatory, PO Box 0, Socorro, NM 87801, USA ; California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA ; Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Pennsylvania 209 S. 33rd Street Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
Fassnacht, C. D.; California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA ; National Radio Astronomy Observatory, PO Box 0, Socorro, NM 87801, USA ; STScI, 3700 San Martin Dr., Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
Koopmans, L. V. E.; Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, Postbus 800, 9700 AA Groningen, the Netherlands ; University of Manchester, Jodrell Bank Observatory, Nr. Macclesfield, Cheshire SK11 9DL ; California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
Marlow, D. R.; University of Manchester, Jodrell Bank Observatory, Nr. Macclesfield, Cheshire SK11 9DL ; Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Pennsylvania 209 S. 33rd Street Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
Norbury, M.; University of Manchester, Jodrell Bank Observatory, Nr. Macclesfield, Cheshire SK11 9DL
Rusin, D.; Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Pennsylvania 209 S. 33rd Street Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA ; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA02138, USA
Sykes, C. M.; University of Manchester, Jodrell Bank Observatory, Nr. Macclesfield, Cheshire SK11 9DL
Biggs, A. D.; University of Manchester, Jodrell Bank Observatory, Nr. Macclesfield, Cheshire SK11 9DL ; NFRA, Postbus 2, 7990 A A Dwingeloo, the Netherlands
Blandford, R. D.; California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
de Bruyn, A. G.; NFRA, Postbus 2, 7990 A A Dwingeloo, the Netherlands
Chae, K.-H.; University of Manchester, Jodrell Bank Observatory, Nr. Macclesfield, Cheshire SK11 9DL
Helbig, Phillip ; 6Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, Postbus 800, 9700 AA Groningen, the Netherlands
King, L. J.; University of Bonn, Auf dem Hügel 71, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
McKean, J. P.; University of Manchester, Jodrell Bank Observatory, Nr. Macclesfield, Cheshire SK11 9DL
Pearson, T. J.; California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
Phillips, P. M.; University of Manchester, Jodrell Bank Observatory, Nr. Macclesfield, Cheshire SK11 9DL
Readhead, A. C. S.; California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
Xanthopoulos, E.; University of Manchester, Jodrell Bank Observatory, Nr. Macclesfield, Cheshire SK11 9DL
York, T.; University of Manchester, Jodrell Bank Observatory, Nr. Macclesfield, Cheshire SK11 9DL)
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