The Potential Use of Bacteriophage Therapy as a Treatment Option in a Post-Antibiotic Era

Bragg, Robert Richard; Boucher, Charlotte Enastacia; van der Westhuizen, W. A.; Lee, Ji-yun; Coetsee, Elke; Theron, Chrispian; Meyburgh, L.

doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-803642-6.00015-0

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The Potential Use of Bacteriophage Therapy as a Treatment Option in a Post-Antibiotic Era

Bragg, Robert Richard; Boucher, Charlotte Enastacia; van der Westhuizen, W. A. et al.

2016 • In Kon, Kateryna; Rai, Mahendra (Eds.) Antibiotic Resistance: Mechanisms and New Antimicrobial Approaches

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10.1016/B978-0-12-803642-6.00015-0

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Keywords :

Antibiotic resistance; Bacteriophage; Bacteriophage therapy; Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated genes (CAS); Endolysin; Lysogenic cycle; Phage lytic cycle

Abstract :

[en] The impending postantibiotic era creates an urgent requirement for alternative treatments of infectious diseases in humans and animals. Bacteriophages are viruses that infect and kill bacteria. The application of bacteriophages as a treatment option was investigated before the development of antibiotics. However, the initial success of antibiotic therapy soon shifted the focus from bacteriophage research. The revitalization of phage therapy has received increased global attention since the appearance of multidrug-resistant bacteria. Bacteriophages replicate via either the lytic or lysogenic cycle. While both life cycles have potential applications in bacteriophage therapy, the lytic cycle seems most suited to antibacterial therapy. The most striking advantage of bacteriophage therapy is the high degree of host specificity exhibited by these viruses, which enables the formulation of tailored treatments that kill only pathogenic bacteria. However, the high specificity of such treatments requires highly accurate diagnostic procedures in order to succeed. Other restrictions of bacteriophage therapy, such as limitations with the registration of phage therapy options, may possibly be overcome by the expression and engineering of phage lytic enzymes, which break the bacterial cell wall. The problem of bacterial immunity to phage infection also cannot be ignored, although it is more solvable than resistance to antibiotics. Considering the available information, phage therapy holds promise as an alternative treatment option, although the road ahead is not without obstacles. © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Disciplines :

Biotechnology

Author, co-author :

Bragg, Robert Richard; Department of Microbial, Biochemical and Food Biotechnology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa

Boucher, Charlotte Enastacia; Department of Microbial, Biochemical and Food Biotechnology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa

van der Westhuizen, W. A.; Department of Microbial, Biochemical and Food Biotechnology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa

Lee, Ji-yun; Department of Microbial, Biochemical and Food Biotechnology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa

Coetsee, Elke; Department of Microbial, Biochemical and Food Biotechnology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa

Theron, Chrispian ; Université de Liège > Agronomie, Bio-ingénierie et Chimie (AgroBioChem) > Microbial, food and biobased technologies

Meyburgh, L.; Department of Microbial, Biochemical and Food Biotechnology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa

Language :

English

Title :

The Potential Use of Bacteriophage Therapy as a Treatment Option in a Post-Antibiotic Era

Publication date :

2016

Main work title :

Antibiotic Resistance: Mechanisms and New Antimicrobial Approaches

Editor :

Kon, Kateryna

Rai, Mahendra

Publisher :

Elsevier

ISBN/EAN :

978-0-12-803642-6

Pages :

309-328

Commentary :

9780128036686; 9780128036426

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since 16 February 2020

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