Causal connectivity according to conscious experience in non-rapid eye movement sleep

Brain; Electroencephalography; Electrophysiology; Functional electric stimulation; Brain connectivity; Brain-machine interfacing; Cortical mechanisms; Effective connectivities; Frontal regions; Human consciousness; Non-rapid eye movements; Transcranial magnetic stimulation; Eye movements

Abstract :

[en] The understanding of human consciousness based on brain connectivity is considered important for brain-machine interfacing. In this study, we investigated changes in causal connectivity in electroencephalography data related to conscious and unconscious experiences during non-rapid eye movement sleep after parietal transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). A serial awakening paradigm was used to determine whether subjects had had a conscious experience or not. We calculated direct transfer function (DTF) as a measure of effective connectivity in five frequency bands focusing on frontal and parietal-occipital regions. The DTF showed significant differences in frontal-to-parietal flow between reported unconsciousness and consciousness. During the first 100 ms after TMS, the outward links of the parietal region at low frequencies were higher in no conscious experience than in conscious experience. During the next 100 ms, however, the outward links of the frontal region were higher in the conscious experience than the no conscious experience at low frequencies. Changes with causal connectivity over time after TMS indicate that the spatial roles in brain regions associated with consciousness are different. These findings may help clarify the cortical mechanisms related to conscious experience. © 2019 IEEE.

Disciplines :

Neurosciences & behavior

Author, co-author :

Lee, Minji; Korea University, Department of Brain and Cognitive Engineering, 145, Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, South Korea

Baird, Benjamin; University of Wisconsin, Department of Psychiatry, Madison, WI 53719, United States

Gosseries, Olivia ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Consciousness-Coma Science Group

Nieminen, Jaakko O.; Aalto University School of Science, Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Espoo, 02150, Finland

Boly, Mélanie; University of Wisconsin, Department of Psychiatry, Madison, WI 53719, United States

Tononi, Giulio; University of Wisconsin, Department of Psychiatry, Madison, WI 53719, United States

Lee, Seong-Whan; Korea University, Department of Brain and Cognitive Engineering, 145, Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, South Korea

Language :

English

Title :

Causal connectivity according to conscious experience in non-rapid eye movement sleep

Publication date :

2019

Event name :

2019 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, SMC 2019

Event date :

6 October 2019 through 9 October 2019

Journal title :

Conference Proceedings. IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics

ISSN :

1062-922X

eISSN :

2577-1655

Publisher :

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.

Volume :

2019-October

Pages :

2133-2138

Peer reviewed :

Peer reviewed

Funders :

Horizon 2020 Framework Programme, H2020: EU-H2020-fetopenga686764, 785907, SGA2Bat Conservation International, BCI2017-0-00451, IITPAcademy of Finland: 294625MH064498

Commentary :

155660 9781728145693

Available on ORBi :

since 16 January 2020

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